The Language of Medicine: Urinary System Flashcards

small artery

active form of vitamin d, secreted by the kidney

cup-like collecting region of the renal pelvis.

tube for injecting or removing fluids

outer region of an organ; the renal _______ is the outer region of the kidney

nitrogenous waste excreted in urine.

pertaining to the cortex

measure of the efficiency of the kidneys in removing creatinine from the blood

chemical element that carries an electrical charge when dissolved in water; are necessary for functioning muscles and nerves.

hormone secreted by the kidney to stimulate the production of red blood cells from bone marrow

process whereby some substances, but not all, pass through a filter

enclosing structure surrounding each glomerulus; also known as Bowman's capsule; collects material that has been treated in the blood through the walls of the glomerulus

tiny ball of capillaries in the kidney

depression in an organ where blood vessels and nerves enter and leave

one of two bean shaped organs on either side of the backbone in the lunar region; it filters nitrogenous wastes from the bloodstream to form urine

opening or canal

inner region of an organ; the renal ____ is the inner region of the kidney

(in long bones) the innermost part containing red and yellow marrow

mbination of glomerulus and renal tubule where filtration, reabsorption, and secretion take place in the kidney; functional unit in the kidney; can form urine by itself; 1 million in each kidney

uric acid, and creatinine

electrolyte regulated by the kidney so that a proper concentration is maintained within the blood

potassium

process whereby renal tubules return materials necessary to the body back into the bloodstream

blood vessel that carries blood to the kidney

central collecting region in the kidney

microscopic tube in the kidney where urine is formed after filtration

blood vessel that carries blood away from the kidney and toward the heart

hormone secreted by the kidney; it raises blood pressure by influencing a narrowing of the blood vessels (vasoconstriction)

electrolyte regulated in the blood and urine by the kidneys; needed for proper transmission of nerve impulses, heart activity, and other metabolic functions

Sodium

Triangular area in the urinary bladder

major nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine

one of the two tubes leading from the kidneys to the urinary bladder

tube leading from urinary bladder to the outside of the body

nitrogenous waste excreted in the urine

hollow, muscular sac that holds and stores urine

process of expelling urine; also called micturition

calci/o, calyx(calix); cup-shaped

urinary bladder

glomerulus

meatus

kidney

renal pelvis

kidney

trigone (region of the bladder)

ureter

urethra

urinary bladder

albumin (a protein in the blood)

nitrogen

bacteria

thirst

potassium

keton/o, ketone bodies (ketoacids and acetone)

a ketone body

stone

sodium

night

scanty

substance that forms

pus

crushing

urine (urea)

urine

urination; urine condition

normal- yellowish; clear- watery; reddish- large amounts of blood in urine

normal- clear; UTI- cloudy/turbid with pus and bacteria

normal- 6.5; bacteria present- alkaline (basic)

normal- small amounts; albumin- leak in glomerular protein

normal- no sugar; sugar present- diabetes mellitus

normal- normal gravity; too high- due to sugar

ketones present- sign of ketosis

presence of abnormal particles- due to pathological condition

rare condition where baby cannot break down proteins (amino acids)

present when patient has liver disease; pigment in urine due to hemoglobin breakdown

inflammation of the glomeruli within the kidney

inflammation of the connective tissue that lies between the renal tubules

kidney stones (renal calculi)

group of clinical signs and symptoms caused by excessive protein loss in urine

multiple fluid-filled sacs (cysts) within and on the kidney

inflammation of the lining of the renal pelvis and renal parenchyma

cancerous tumor of the kidney in adulthood

decrease in excretion of wastes results from impaired filtration function

high blood pressure resulting from the kidneys

malignant tumor of the kidney occurring in childhood

malignant tumor of the urinary bladder

antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is not secreted, or there is a resistance of the kidney to ADH

insulin is not secreted adequately or tissues are resistant to its effects

measurement of urea levels in blood

x-ray images obtained using computed tomography show multiple cross-sectional and other views of the kidney

ureters, and bladder (KUB), x-ray examination (without contrast) of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder

x-ray examination (with contrast) of the blood vessels of the kidney

x-ray image of the renal pelvis and ureters after injection of contrast through a urinary catheter into the ureters from the bladder

x-ray image (with contrast) of the urinary bladder and urethra obtained while the patient is voiding

imaging of urinary tract structures using high-frequency sound waves

image of the kidney obtained after injecting a radioactive substance (radioisotope) into the bloodstream

changing magnetic field produces images of the kidney and surrounding structures in three planes of the body

direct visualization of the urethra and urinary bladder with an endoscope (cystoscope).

process of separating nitrogenous waste materials from the blood

urinary tract stones are crushed

dilation of narrowed areas in renal arteries

removal of kidney tissue for microscopic examination

surgical transfer of a kidney from a donor to a recipient

passage of a flexible, tubular instrument through the urethra into the urinary bladder

Blood Urea Nitrogen

chloride - an electrolyte excreted by the kidney

culture & sensitivity testing - to determine antibiotic effectives against bacteria grown from a patients urine specimen

potassium - an electrolyte

Kidney, ureter, & bladder

sodium - an electrolyte

potential hydrogen, scale to indicate degree of acidity or alkalinity

urinalysis

urinary tract infection

nitrogenous waste

2-Kidney
2-Ureter
1-Urethra

Protein --> Nitrogen --> Urea

Urinary bladder removal

opening of the urinary bladder

opening of the kidney

nitrogen in the blood

bacteria in the urine

urination at night

crushing stones

bed wetting

poison

uterus

processes of cuting

kidney

blood condition

dilation, widening

breakdown,

falling, dropping

spitting

suture

flow

many

water

against

before

to void / micturition