front 1 What clinical manifestation do Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis share? | back 1 enterotoxins |
front 2 Which of the following has been historically classified as Gram-negative bacteria but its genetically more similar to low G + C Gram positive bacteria? | back 2 mycoplasmas |
front 3 What is one virulence factor that differentiates Staphylococcus aureus from other species of staphylococci? | back 3 it can produce coagulase |
front 4 Over 90% of Staphylococcus aureus isolates are penicillin-resistant. Why? | back 4 the produce B-lactamase |
front 5 A woman comes to the emergency department with fever and vomiting. She soon develops a red rash all over her body, and her blood pressure begins to drop. What is one possible diagnosis? | back 5 toxic shock syndrome |
front 6 Bacteria collected from a severely inflamed wound are sent to the lab for analysis. the results come back as follows: Gram-positive cocci in irregular clusters, kinase and coagulase positive, and able to grow in the presence of most antibiotics except vancomycin. the bacteria in the wound is most likely | back 6 methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) |
front 7 Streptococci are frequently classified by | back 7 Lancefield antigen designations |
front 8 How do group A streptococci camouflage themselves from white blood cells? | back 8 they have hyaluronic acid capsules |
front 9 Which of the following diseases is considered an autoimmune disease triggered by bacterial infection? | back 9 rheumatic fever |
front 10 Which of the following statements about "flesh-eating" streptococci is FALSE? | back 10 It is considered a common complication of pyoderma |
front 11 Streptococcus agalactiae is associated with which of the following diseases? | back 11 neonatal bacteremia, neonatal meningitis, and neonatal pheumonia |
front 12 Which of the following statements regarding Streptococcus progenies is FALSE? | back 12 It produces protein A, which inhibits opsonization |
front 13 What differentiates virulent strains of Streptococcus pneumonia from nonvirulent strains? | back 13 the presence of a polysaccharide capsule that protects it from digestion after endocytosis |
front 14 Untreated streptococcal pharyngitis may progress to | back 14 scarlet fever or rheumatic fever |
front 15 The Quellung reaction is used to diagnose | back 15 Streptococcus pneumoniae |
front 16 Otitis media may lead to dangerous meningitis in children due to infection with | back 16 Streptococcus pneumoniae |
front 17 Which of the following staphylococcal virulence factors produce the signs and symptoms of scalded skin syndrome? | back 17 exfoliative toxin |
front 18 During a stay in the hospital, an accident victim develops symptoms of bacteremia. A blood sample shows the presence of Gram-positive cocci in pairs. Lab tests determine that the bacteria are non hemolytic and bile salt tolerant. the bacteremia is likely due to | back 18 Enterococcus |
front 19 Which of the following streptococci is associated with dental caries? | back 19 viridans streptococci |
front 20 Anthrax, which means "charcoal" in Greek, derives its name from | back 20 the black eschars it produces on human skin. |
front 21 Which of the following statements about Bacillus anthraces is FALSE? | back 21 it is primarily a disease of humans |
front 22 Which of the following bacteria produce one of the most deadly bacterial toxins known? | back 22 Clostridium botulinum |
front 23 Which of the following bacteria can cause life-threating pseudomembranous colitis? | back 23 Clostridium difficile |
front 24 How does the toxin from Clostridium tetani produce its action? | back 24 The smaller polypeptide of its toxin can block the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters by inhibitory neurons in the CNS, causing simultaneous contraction of both muscles in an antagonistic pair. |
front 25 Which of the following statements concerning tetanus is FALSE? | back 25 Its only source is from deep puncture wounds from rusty nails |
front 26 Listeria virulence is directly related to its ability to | back 26 live within cells and thus avoid exposure to the immune system of its host |
front 27 Which of the following bacteria divide by "snapping division" in which daughter cells remain attached in characteristic V-shapes? | back 27 Corynebacterium |
front 28 Which of the following statements about diphtheria is FALSE? | back 28 its growth on Loeffler's medium is used for absolute diagnosis of the bacterium |
front 29 Members of the genus Mycoplasma are pleomorphic and stain Gram-negative because they | back 29 lack cell walls |
front 30 The pathogenicity of primary tuberculosis is due to the fact that the mycobacteria | back 30 prevent fusion of lysosomes with phagosomes |
front 31 A sample of fluid from the lungs contains microbes that grow in filaments or clumps. the cells stain poorly in the Gram stain and are a pink-red when acid fast stained. the bacteria in the sample are | back 31 Mycobacterium species |
front 32 Under what conditions does infection with Mycobacterium leprae develop into tuberculoid leprosy? | back 32 when the immune system develops a vigorous cell mediated response |
front 33 The pus from an abscess in a patients jaw contains microbes that form yellowish grainy masses and appear filamentous under the microscope. Neither anti fungal medication nor a normal course of antibiotics has been effective in treating the infection. the abscess is likely the result of infection with | back 33 Actinomyces |
front 34 What is the most common disease caused by Propionibacterium? | back 34 acne |
front 35 Mycetoma, which is a painless long lasting infection characterized by swelling, pus production, and draining sores, is caused by | back 35 Nocardia |
front 36 the skin lesions characteristic of cutaneous infections with Bacillus anthraces are | back 36 eschars |
front 37 The soil bacterium Nocardia asteroids can establish opportunistic infections of the | back 37 skin, lungs, and central nervous system |
front 38 Enterococcus faecalis bacteria can be distinguished from other gram positive cocci because enterococci | back 38 can grow in the presence of bile salts |
front 39 Infections with Streptococcus progenies may progress to _____, characterized by a skin rash that peels after about a week and a bright red swollen tongue. | back 39 scarlatina |
front 40 Increased sebum secretion can fuel the overgrowth of the opportunistic pathogen ______ in its normal habitat, leading to disease. | back 40 Propionibacterium acnes |
front 41 Streptococcus pneumoniae is a leading cause of | back 41 otitis media |
front 42 Mycoplasma pneumoiae causes respiratory disease by | back 42 attaching to, inhibiting, and ultimately killing the ciliated epithelial cells of the trachea. |
front 43 Which of the following is a key diagnostic indicator of infection with Mycobacterium leprae? | back 43 loss of the sense of touch |
front 44 Which of the following is NOT a feature of the pathogenesis of Clostridium perfringens? | back 44 inhibiting sensory neuron function |
front 45 Which of the following bacteria can cause pharyngitis? | back 45 Streptococcus pyogenes |
front 46 A summer cold that lasts for weeks and is characterized by sore throat, mild fever, dry cough, and malaise may be (pneumococcal/walking) pneumonia. | back 46 walking |
front 47 the presence of mycelia acid in the cell walls of the opportunistic pathogen (Actinomyce/ Nocardia) results in it Gram staining poorly. | back 47 Nocardia |
front 48 In its role in the development of acne, (propionibacterium/ staphylococcus/ actinomyces) typically grows in sebaceous glands of the skin. | back 48 Propionibacterium |
front 49 (MRSA/ MDR-TB/ VRSA) is resistant to numerous antimicrobial agents; therefore, vancomycin is usually used for these infections. | back 49 MRSA |
front 50 In countries where tuberculosis is common, people are vaccinated with (BCG/DOTS/ MDR-TB)which contains attenuated Mycobacterium bovis bacteria. | back 50 BCG |
front 51 Infection with Corynebacterium diphtheriae leads to the formation of (pseudomembranes/ tubercles) which can severely impair respiratory function. | back 51 pseudomembranes |
front 52 Successful treatment of diphtheria requires the administration of (antibiotics/antitoxin/ immunoglobulin). | back 52 antitoxin |
front 53 Common sources of Listeria are undercooked meats and vegetables and unpasteurized (eggs/ milk/ juices). | back 53 milk |
front 54 the neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum produce (flaccid/ tetanic) paralysis by preventing muscle contraction. | back 54 flaccid |
front 55 Bacterial food poisoning resulting from Clostridium (botulinum/ difficele/ perfringens) contamination is characterized by watery diarrhea accompanied by intestinal cramping but not fever, and it resolves in about a day. | back 55 perfringens |
front 56 (Enterococcus/ Staphylococcus) grow at temperatures up to 45C, at pH levels as high as 9.6, and in 6.5% NaCl, but they lack structural and chemical elements that make them virulent in the intestinal tract. | back 56 Enterococcus |
front 57 The aerobic endospore former (Clostridium perfringens/ Clostridium difficle/ Bacillus anthracis) is a strict pathogen of humans and animals. | back 57 Bacillus anthracis |
front 58 The body limits the migration of Streptococcus (agalactiae/ pneumoniae/ progenies) by binding it to the active sties of secretory IgA, which the bacteria overcome by secreting secretory IgA protease. | back 58 pneumonia |
front 59 When streptococcal infections involve the skin and surrounding lymph nodes, triggering pain and inflammation, the condition is known as (erysipelas/ folliculitis/ pyoderma). | back 59 erysipelas |
front 60 The ability to produce (hyalauronidase/ lipase/ proteases) enables Staphylococcus aureus to penetrate and spread through tissues. | back 60 hyaluronidase |