front 1 Masseter | back 1 prime mover of jaw closure, elevates mandible. |
front 2 orbicularis oris | back 2 closes lips, purses and protrudes lips (ie kissing or whistling)
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front 3 trapezius | back 3 extends head. raises, rotates, and retracts (adducts) scapula and stabilizes it. |
front 4 deltoid | back 4 acting as a whole, prime mover of arm abduction. |
front 5 triceps brachii | back 5 powerful forearm extensor |
front 6 biceps brachii | back 6 flexion of elbow and supination of forearm |
front 7 brachialis | back 7 major forearm flexor |
front 8 brachioradialis | back 8 synergist in forearm extension |
front 9 pectoralis major | back 9 prime mover of arm flexion; adducts, medially rotates arm |
front 10 intercostals | back 10 external: pull ribs toward one another to elevate rib cage (inspiration)
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front 11 rectus abdominis | back 11 flexes and rotates vertebral column |
front 12 obliques | back 12 external: largest and most superficial of the 3 lateral muscles. flexes & rotates vertebral column, compresses abdominal wall.
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front 13 sartorius | back 13 flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates thigh; flexes knee |
front 14 hamstrings group | back 14 extends thigh, flexes knee |
front 15 gastrocnemius | back 15 (calf muscle) plantar flexes foot |
front 16 soleus | back 16 (deep to gastrocnemius) plantar flexion, is an important muscle for locomotion |
front 17 tibialis anterior | back 17 prime mover of dorsiflexion |
front 18 latissimus dorsi | back 18 prime mover of arm extension; adducts and medially rotates arm |
front 19 gluteus maximus | back 19 powerful thigh extensor, laterally rotates and abduct thigh |
front 20 gluteus medius | back 20 abducts and medially rotates thigh; steadies pelvis |
front 21 erector spinae | back 21 extend and bend the vertebral column laterally |
front 22 diaphragm | back 22 prime mover of inspiration flattens on contraction |
front 23 quadriceps group | back 23 extends knee and flexes thigh at hip. steadies knee |
front 24 Sternocleidomastoid | back 24 flexion of neck forward, rotate head toward shoulder on opposite side |