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Insect Biology Lec 9 Exam 2

front 1

Hymenoptera females have

back 1

prominent ovipositors

- ovipositor may be stinger

front 2

Eusociality among Hymenoptera has arisen

back 2

several times within this group

front 3

Hymenoptera can be divided into two suborders

back 3

Symphyta

Apocrita

front 4

Apocrita: ‘Wasp Waist’ constriction of waist important for

back 4

maneuvering the ovipositor

front 5

Aprocrita: Wasp Waist constricted abdominal segment is known as

back 5

petiole

front 6

The segments beyond petiole is known as

back 6

gaster

front 7

The schmidt insect sting pain index

back 7

measures 30 insects and rated their pain

front 8

Parasitoid Wasps lay eggs

and eventually kill their host as

*eggs needed to be small or they would not have enough room

back 8

inside or another arthropod

larvae grow and develop

front 9

In parasitoid wasps, they have a

back 9

Specialized host range, wasp preferentially chooses specific insect to lay its eggs on

front 10

Parasitoids Vs Predators

back 10

Predators and parasitoids both use animals as their food source

front 11

Parasitoids are defined by

back 11

  • larval feeding behavior
  • Always results in death of host
  • Only one host needed to complete development(more selective)
  • Feeds exclusively on body of another arthropod (on or within)

front 12

Only females in parasitoids are involved in

back 12

host seeking

front 13

The host does not die until

back 13

parasitoid has completely developed

front 14

Parasitoids evolved in the

* Hymenoptera(altrusic) haploid diploidy- Family(Orissidae)

*monophyletic lineage

back 14

holometabola

front 15

Parasitoids: Wood Wasps

Siricoidea ~ sister group to Orussidae

feed on dead

back 15

wood digested by symbiotic fungi

front 16

Some siricoids are missing

back 16

fungi and rely on use of fungi associated with other insects

front 17

Parasitoids in Orussidae evolved as larvae began to

back 17

kill and eventually eat other insects

front 18

Development of Parasitoid Wasps larvae causes the

back 18

death of host

front 19

Parasitoids vs Parasities:

back 19

Parasitoids always kill the host

front 20

Endoparasitoids laid eggs

back 20

within the host and it would continue to grow and develop while larvae feed within

front 21

Ectoparasitoids laids eggs

back 21

outside the host in which the host would be paralyzed and does not grow

front 22

Polyembryony

for PARASITOID WASPS

back 22

one egg will produce multiple larvae

the larve will feed on host tissue until it is ready to emergy

front 23

Samurai Wasps(Trissolcus Japonicus) parasitizes

back 23

stink bug by depositing eggs into the eggs of the stink bug, and when they develop, they kill the stink bug eggs

front 24

Polydnaviruses are a mutualistic relationship with

back 24

parasitoid wasps that replicate within female oviducts

front 25

Virus protect larvae within the host by

back 25

weakening the host immune system which is incorporated into the wasps genome