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    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
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To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

68 notecards = 17 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Normal Ranges

front 1

White Blood Cell Count x 103/uL (x 109/L)

WBC

back 1

4.5-11.5 (3.9-11.7 Egan's Fundamentals of Respiratory Care Ch 17)

front 2

Red Blood Cell Count x 106/uL (x 1012/L)

RBC

back 2

M:4.60-6.00

F:4.00-5.40

front 3

Hemoglobin g/dL (g/L)

Hgb

back 3

M: 14.0-18.0 (140-180)

F: 12.0-15.0 (120-150)

front 4

Hematocrit % (L/L)

Hct

back 4

M: 40-54 (0.40-0.54)

F: 35-49 (0.35-0.49)

front 5

Segmented neutrophils

back 5

40% - 75%

front 6

Bands

back 6

0% - 6%

front 7

Eosinophils

back 7

0% - 6%

front 8

Basophils

back 8

0% - 1%

front 9

Lymphocytes

back 9

20% - 45%

front 10

Monocytes

back 10

2% - 10%

front 11

Platelet count

back 11

150,000 - 400,000/mm3

front 12

pH (range)

back 12

7.40 (7.35 -7.45)

front 13

PaCO2 (range)

back 13

40 (35-45) torr

front 14

PaO2 (range)

back 14

95 (85-100) torr

front 15

SaO2

back 15

>97%

front 16

HCO3 - (range)

back 16

24 (22-26) mEq/L

front 17

BE+ (range)

back 17

0 (-2 to +2) mEq/L

front 18

SpO2

back 18

>97%

front 19

SvO2

back 19

75%

front 20

Normal Neonatal Arterial Blood Gas Values

Normal Preterm (at 1-5hr)

back 20

pH 7.33 (7.29-7.37)

PaCO2 (mm Hg) 47 (39-56)

PaO2 (mm Hg) 60 (52-68)

SaO2 90%

HCO3 - mEq/L 19 (18-20)

BE+ (mEq/L) -4 (-5 - -2)

SpO2 90%

front 21

Normal Neonatal Arterial Blood Gas Values

Normal Term (at 5hr)

back 21

pH 7.34 (7.31-7.37)

PaCO2 (mm Hg) 35 (32-39)

PaO2 (mm Hg) 74 (62-86)

SaO2 95%

HCO3 - mEq/L 21 (20-22)

BE+ (mEq/L) -3 (-6 - -2)

SpO2 95%

front 22

Normal Neonatal Arterial Blood Gas Values

Normal Preterm (at 5 days)

back 22

pH 7.38 (7.34-7.42)

PaCO2 (mm Hg) 36 (32-41)

PaO2 (mm Hg) 76 (62-92)

SaO2 95%

HCO3 - mEq/L 21 (20-22)

BE+ (mEq/L) -3 (-6- -2)

SpO2 95%

front 23

Arterial Blood Pressure

ABP

back 23

90-140/60-90 mm Hg

Common alterations:

<140/90 mm Hg: hypertension

<90/60 mm Hg: hypotension

front 24

ECG

back 24

Normal heart rate and rhythm

Common alterations:

PR interval > 0.2 sec (tachycardia, bradycardia, heart block [ first, second, or third degree], premature ventricular contractions, premature atrial contractions, atrial fibrillations, atrial flutter, elevated T wave, ventricular tachycardia, ventricular fibrillation, asystole)

front 25

Heart Rate (HR)

back 25

60-100 beats/min

Common alternations:

Rate > 100: tachycardia

Rate < 60: bradycardia

front 26

PR interval

back 26

0.12-0.20/sec

Common alterations:

>0.20: tachycardia, bradycardia, first-, second-, third-degree heart block, premature ventricular, atrial contractions, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, elevated ST segment, inverted T wave, ventricular tachycardia, fibrillation, asystole

front 27

QRS interval

back 27

<0.10/sec

Common alternations:

>0.10: ectopic foci

front 28

ST segment

back 28

Isoelectric

Common alterations:

Elevated or depressed: myocardial ischemia

front 29

T wave

back 29

Upright, round, and asymmetric

Common alterations:

inverted with ischemia, tall and peaked with electrolyte imbalances

front 30

Cardiac Output (CO)

back 30

4-8 L/min

Common alterations:

> 8 L/min (elevated): caused by stress, septic shock, fever, hypervolemia drugs

< 4 L/min (decreased): left ventricular failure, myocardial infarction, pulmonary embolus, PPV, PEEP, pneumothorax, blood loss, hypovolemia

front 31

Cardiac Index (CI)

back 31

2.5-4.0 L/min/m2 (2.5-4.2 L/min/m2 : Cardiopulmonary Book Ch15)

Common alternations:

>4 L/min/m2:fluid overload, right ventricular failure, pulmonary hypertension, valvular stenosis, pulmonary embolus, cardiac tamponade, pneumothorax, positive pressure ventilation, PEEP, left ventricular failure

<2 L/min/m2: hypovolemia, blood loss, shock, peripheral vasodilation, cardiovascular collapse

front 32

Central Venous Pressure (CVP)

back 32

2-6 mm Hg (0-8 mm Hg)

Common alternations:

>6 mm Hg:fluid overload, right ventricular failure, pulmonary hypertension, valvular stenosis, pulmonary embolus, cardiac tamponade, pneumothorax, positive pressure ventilation, PEEP, left ventricular failure

<2 mm Hg: hypovolemia, blood loss, shock, peripheral vasodilation, cardiovascular collapse

front 33

Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAP)

back 33

20-35/5-15 mm Hg

Common alternations:

>35/15 mm Hg: fluid overload, pulmonary hypertension, left ventricular failure

<20/5 mm Hg: hypovolemia, pulmonary hypotension, cardiovascular collapse

front 34

Mean Pulmonary Artery Pressure (PAP)

back 34

10-20 mm Hg (9-18 mm Hg)

Common alternations:

>20 mm Hg: fluid overload, pulmonary hypertension, left ventricular failure

<10 mm Hg: hypovolemia, pulmonary hypotension, cardiovascular collapse

front 35

Pulmonary Capillary Wedge Pressure (PCWP)

Pulmonary Artery Wedge (PAW)

Pulmonary Artery Occlusion (PAO)

back 35

5-10 mm Hg (<18 mm Hg) (4-12 mm Hg: Cardiopulmonary Book Ch15)

Common alterations:

>18 mm Hg: left ventricular failure, fluid overload

>20 mm Hg: interstitial edema

>25 mm Hg: alveolar filling

>30 mm Hg: frank pulmonary edema

<5 mm Hg: hypovolemia, shock, cardiovascular collapse

front 36

Systemic Vascular Resistance (SVR)

back 36

11.25-17.5 mm Hg/L/min

900-1400 dynes x sec x cm3

(800-1500 dynes x sec x cm-5)

Common alterations:

>1400 dynes x sec x cm3 : caused by vasoconstrictors, hypovolemia, late septic shock

<900 dynes x sec x cm3 : caused by vasodilators, early septic shock

front 37

Pulmonary Vascular Resistance (PVR)

back 37

110-250 dynes x sec x cm3

(20-120 dynes x sec x cm3 : Cardiopulmonary Book Ch15)

Common alterations:

>250 dynes x sec x cm3 : hypoxemia, decreased pH, PaCO2, vasopressors, emboli, emphysema, interstitial fibrosis, pneumothorax

<110 dynes x sec x cm3 : pulmonary vasodilators, nitric oxide, O2, calcium blockers

front 38

Right Atrial Pressure (RAP)

back 38

0-8 mm Hg

front 39

Stroke Volume (SV)

back 39

60-130 mL

front 40

Stroke Volume Index (SVI)

back 40

30-60 mL/beats/ m2

front 41

Right Ventricular Stroke Work Index (RVSWI)

back 41

7-12 g m/m2

front 42

Left Ventricular Stroke Work Index (LVSWI)

back 42

40-60 g m/m2

front 43

Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT) (sec)

back 43

Infant (1 day old): 37.1-48.7

Infant (5 days old): 34-51.2

Adult: 25-39

front 44

Prothrombin Time (PT) (sec)

back 44

Infant (1 day old): 11.6-14.4

Infant (5 days old): 10.9-15.3

Adult: 12-15

front 45

Albumin

back 45

2.9-5.5 mg/dL

front 46

Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)

back 46

8-23 mg/dL

front 47

Calcium (Ca)

back 47

8.6-10.5 mmol/dL

front 48

Ionized Calcium (Ca2+)

back 48

2.25-2.75 mEq/L

front 49

CO2

back 49

22-29 mmol/L

front 50

Chloride (Cl-)

back 50

98-107 mEq/L

front 51

Creatinine (Cr)

back 51

0.7-1.3 mg/dL

front 52

Glucose

back 52

<100 mg/dL

front 53

Magnesium (Mg2+)

back 53

1.7-2.4 mg/dL

front 54

Potassium (K+)

back 54

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

front 55

Sodium (Na+)

back 55

135-145 mEq/L

front 56

Tidal Volume (VT)

back 56

5-8 mL/kg PBW

Critical Value:

<4-5 mL/kg or <300mL

front 57

Frequency (f)

back 57

12-20 breaths/min

Critical value:

>30-35 breaths/min

front 58

Rapid Shallow Breathing Index (RSBI)

back 58

Critical value:

>105 without PS or CPAP

front 59

Dead Space- to - Tidal Volume Ratio (VD /VT)

back 59

0.25-0.40

Critical value:

>0.60

front 60

Minute Volume (VE)

back 60

5-6 L/min

Critical value:

>10 L/min

front 61

Vital Capacity (VC)

back 61

65-75 mL/kg

Critical value:

<10-15 mL/kg

front 62

Maximum Inspiratory Pressure (MIP)

back 62

-80 to -100 cm H2O

Critical value:

0 to -20 cm H2O

front 63

Normal Respiratory, Heart Rate & Blood Pressure

Infants (< 1yr)

back 63

Resting Pulse (beats/min): 90-170

Respiratory Rate (breaths/min): 30-60

Heart Rate (beats/min): 90-120

Blood Pressure (mm Hg): 80/50 (1-6 mo) 90/65 (6-12 mo)

front 64

Normal Respiratory, Heart Rate & Blood Pressure

Toddler (1-3yr)

back 64

Resting Pulse (beats/min): 80-160

Respiratory Rate (breaths/min): 24-40

Heart Rate (beats/min): 80-100

Blood Pressure (mm Hg): 90/65 (1-2yr)

front 65

Normal Respiratory, Heart Rate & Blood Pressure

Preschoolers (4-5yr)

back 65

Resting Pulse (beats/min): 80-120

Respiratory Rate (breaths/min): 22-34

Heart Rate (beats/min): 70-90

Blood Pressure (mm Hg): 100/60 (2-6yr)

front 66

Normal Respiratory, Heart Rate & Blood Pressure

School Age (6-12yr)

back 66

Resting Pulse (beats/min): 70-110

Respiratory Rate (breaths/min): 18-30

Heart Rate (beats/min): 70-90

Blood Pressure (mm Hg): 110/60

front 67

Normal Respiratory, Heart Rate & Blood Pressure

Adolescent (13-18yr)

back 67

Resting Pulse (beats/min): 70-110

Respiratory Rate (breaths/min): 16-22

Heart Rate (beats/min): 60-80

Blood Pressure (mm Hg): 110/65 (12-16yr)

front 68

Normal Respiratory, Heart Rate & Blood Pressure

Adult

back 68

Resting Pulse (beats/min): 60-100

Respiratory Rate (breaths/min): 12-20 (12-18)

Heart Rate (beats/min): 60-100

Blood Pressure (mm Hg): <120/80