front 1 What is an enantiomer? | back 1 A molecule that is not identical to its mirror image; a kind of stereoisomer |
front 2 What is chiral? | back 2 A molecule that is not identical to its mirror image |
front 3 What makes a structure not chiral? | back 3 A plane of symmetry |
front 4 What is a plane of symmetry? | back 4 A Plane that cuts through the middle of a molecule (or any object) in a way that one half of the molecule or object is a mirror image of the other half. |
front 5 What is achiral? | back 5 A molecule that has a plane of symmetry |
front 6 What is the cause of chirality? | back 6 the presence of a tetrahedral carbon atom bonded to four different groups |
front 7 Example of chirality center | back 7 Central carbon atom connected to four groups |
front 8 What is it to be optically active? | back 8 When a beam of plane-polarized light passes through a solution of certain organic molecules, the plane of polarization is rotated by an angle. |
front 9 Levoratory? | back 9 Left- counterclockwise (-) |
front 10 Dextrorotatory? | back 10 Right- clockwise (+) |
front 11 What is specific rotation formula? | back 11 Observed rotation Pathlength Concentration |
front 12 Enantiomers aka (optical isomers) have what traits? | back 12 They have the same melting point and boiling point, but they differ in the direction in which their solutions rotate plane-polarized light. |
front 13 What are sequence rules (Cahn–Ingold–Prelog rules)? | back 13 Rank the four groups attached to the chirality center and then looks at the handedness with which those groups are attached. |
front 14 What is a diasteromer? | back 14 stereoisomers that are not mirror images. |
front 15 What is the difference between enantiomer and diasteromer? | back 15
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front 16 What are epimers? | back 16 Two diastereomers differ at only one chirality center but are the same at all others |
front 17 What is a racemic mixture? | back 17 A 50 : 50 mixture of the two chiral molecules or enantiomers. |
front 18 Why racemates show no optical rotation? | back 18 the (+) rotation from one enantiomer exactly cancels the (−) rotation from the other. |
front 19 Resolution | back 19 Is the separation of enantiomers through crystallization |
front 20 Constitutional Isomers | back 20 Are compounds were the atoms are connected differently. |
front 21 Stereoisomer | back 21 Compound where the atom is connected in the same order but different in space. |
front 22 What is a subclass of diasteromers? | back 22 Cis and trans |
front 23 What is a nitrogen tetrahedral? | back 23 Nitrogen with three covalent bonds and a lone pair that acts as a "fourth" substituent |
front 24 What is a prochiral molecule | back 24 A molecule that interconverts from achiral to chiral |
front 25 What can be prochiral? | back 25 planar, sp 2 -hybridized atoms, compounds with tetrahedral, sp 3 -hybridized atoms |
front 26 Pro-R is? | back 26 the atom whose replacement leads to an R chirality center |
front 27 What has different biological properties but identical physical properties? | back 27 Enantiomers |
front 28 What is a chiral environment? | back 28 To be chemically distinctive |