front 1 The correct sequence of parts of renal tubule is | back 1 Proximal tube, loop of henle, distal tube |
front 2 Select the substance presentbin the blood but not normally present in filtrate or urine | back 2 Plasma protein |
front 3 The movement substances form blood in the peritubular capillary into the renal tubule is known as | back 3 Tubular secretion |
front 4 Most tubular reabsorption occurs in the | back 4 Proximal tube |
front 5 Renal pyramids consists primarily of | back 5 Collecting ducts |
front 6 The force enabling filteation is | back 6 Blood pressure in the glomerulus |
front 7 A ----- carries urine from a kidney to the urinary bladder | back 7 Ureter |
front 8 Reabsorption of all organic nutrients occurs in the | back 8 Proximal tube |
front 9 The volume of filtrate formed in 24 hours (GFR) is about | back 9 180 liters |
front 10 The functional unit of a kidney is the | back 10 Nephron |
front 11 Under usual conditions, the volume of urine formed in a 24- hour period is | back 11 1500 ml |
front 12 The nephrons are located primarily in the kidney | back 12 Cortex |
front 13 Select the process that is not involved in urine formation | back 13 Capsule absorption |
front 14 The detrusor is the -- the urinary bladder | back 14 Smooth muscle of |
front 15 The organ that filters blood plasma and forms urine is | back 15 Kidney |
front 16 The maintenance of the volume and composition of body fluids is the basic function of the | back 16 Urinary system |
front 17 The artiole associated with glomerulus that has the greater diameter is the | back 17 Afferent artiole |
front 18 The reabsorption of water under the influence of ADH occurs in the | back 18 Collecting duct |
front 19 The urethral sphincter under voluntary control is the | back 19 External sphincter |
front 20 The normal pH range of body fluids is | back 20 7.35 - 7.45 |
front 21 The renal pelvis empties into a/ane | back 21 Ureter |
front 22 Renin converts | back 22 Angiotensinogen to angiotensinn I |
front 23 Substance that normally do not pass from the blood into the glomerular capsule include | back 23 Plasma protein |
front 24 Select the substance present in the blood and filtrate but normally absent in the urine | back 24 Glucose |
front 25 A renal corpsule consists of | back 25 A glomerulus enclosed in a double- walled capsule |
front 26 What causes the air to flow out of the lungs during expiration? | back 26 decreased air pressure in the lung |
front 27 what is the most basic function of respiration? | back 27 to exchange gases |
front 28 Name the order of the following parts of the human respiratory system from the site where air enters the nostrils to the site where air reaches the end passages of the lungs | back 28 nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, trachea, alveoli |
front 29 What's cyanosis? | back 29 bluish cast to the skin |
front 30 Alvin, a smoker, sees his doctor because he has a persistent cough and its short of breath after very little exertion. He has a barrel chest and explains that it is difficult for him to exhale. What diagnosis will the doctor make? | back 30 copd |
front 31 What is the specific protective function of cilia in the trachea? | back 31 ciliated cells move the sheet of contaminated mucus toward the throat |
front 32 What type of cellular transport moves respiratory gases between the blood and the body's cell? | back 32 diffusion |
front 33 Which is the largest respiratory volume? | back 33 VC |
front 34 Jimmy broke a left rib when he fell from his bike. The rib punctured the chest wall. What happened to his left lung? | back 34 his left lung collapsed |
front 35 Which is the largest respiratory volume? | back 35 vc |
front 36 The lungs are mostly passageways and elastic tissue. What is the role of the elastic tissue? | back 36 recoil |
front 37 what happens to the alveoli if surfactant is not produced in a newborn baby? | back 37 the alveoli will collapse after every breath |
front 38 what happens to the alveoli if surfactant is not produced in a newborn baby? | back 38 alveolus, bronchiole, bronchus, trachea, larynx, larynx, pharynx, nasal cavity |
front 39 Why is nose breathing preferable to mouth breathing? | back 39 all of the answers are correct |
front 40 What chemical factor in blood normally provides the most powerful stimulus to breathe? | back 40 CO2 |
front 41 Which brain area is most important for setting the basic respiratory rate and rhythm? | back 41 the medulla oblongata |
front 42 When you inhale, the diaphragm | back 42 contracts and moves inferioly |
front 43 What is the sequential order (mouth to anus) of the digestive organs making up the alimentary canal? | back 43 Mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, anus |
front 44 In which organ of the alimentary canal does protein digestion begin? | back 44 stomach |
front 45 What is the function of intrinsic factor? | back 45 vitamin B12 absorption |
front 46 Which muscular sphincter regulates the flow of chyme into the small intestine? | back 46 pyloric sphincter |
front 47 Which of the following is a function of the large intestine? | back 47 absorption of water |
front 48 What type of teeth perform tearing and piercing? | back 48 canines |
front 49 Mary has a dry mouth-very little saliva is being secreted. Digestion of which type of food will be affected (decreased) by this situation? | back 49 starch |
front 50 What organ produces bile? | back 50 liver |
front 51 Which organ is the only one that produces enzymes capable of digesting all groups of food? | back 51 pancreas |
front 52 What is the proper order of the following stages of food processing? | back 52 ingestion, digestion, absorption, defecation |
front 53 Which of the following is the main propulsive activity? | back 53 peristalsis |
front 54 What does it mean when we say that food "went down the wrong tube"? | back 54 Food went down the trachea |
front 55 What are the building blocks (and digestion products) of proteins? | back 55 amino acids |
front 56 Which of the following stimulates gallbladder to contract? | back 56 CCK |
front 57 What is the major source of carbohydrates in our diet? | back 57 plants |
front 58 Why is it important to include cellulose in a healthy diet? | back 58 It is important for moving feces and defecation |
front 59 What are the uses of fats in the body? | back 59 Cellular membranes |
front 60 What is gluconeogenesis? | back 60 Making glucose from fats and Making glucose from proteins |
front 61 If you had your choice, would you prefer to have high blood levels of | back 61 HDLs |
front 62 Which of the following would you expect to yield a relatively high BMR? | back 62 Large surface area relative to body volume |
front 63 Which of the following is a mean of either maintaining or increasing body temperature? | back 63 Vasoconstriction and Shivering |
front 64 How does vasodilation of skin blood vessels affect body temperature on a hot day? | back 64 It decreases body temperature |
front 65 What dietary changes must be made to prevent brain damage in children with PKU? | back 65 A diet low in phenylalanine |
front 66 What occurs when your total caloric intake exceeds your TMR? | back 66 you gain weight |
front 67 A digestive organ that is not part of the alimentary canal? | back 67 liver |
front 68 The GI tube tissue layer responsible for the actions of segmentation and peristalsis the | back 68 Muscularis externa |
front 69 Which of these organs lies in the right hypochondriac region of the abdomen? | back 69 liver |
front 70 A 3-year-old girl is rewarded with a hug because she is now completely toilet trained. Which muscle is one that she has learned to control? | back 70 External anal sphincter |
front 71 Hormones that act to decrease the blood glucose level include | back 71 insulin |
front 72 The material that forms the bulk of a tooth is | back 72 dentin |
front 73 What are the two major functions of the testes? | back 73 production of sperm and testosterone |
front 74 What is the role of the seminiferous tubules? | back 74 produce sperm |
front 75 Name the organs of the male duct system, in order, from the scrotum to the body exterior. | back 75 Epididymis, ductus deferens, ejaculatory duct, and urethra |
front 76 What is the function of the erectile tissue of the penis? | back 76 To make penis firm by allowing it to fill with blood, so that it can serve as a penetrating device during sexual activity. |
front 77 What is an important function of each of these two components of semen-sperm and seminal fluid? | back 77 Sperm are male gametes that fertilize the female's "eggs". Seminal fluid serves as transport medium for sperm and contains various substances that nourish and protect the sperm or aid their movement. |
front 78 Adolph, a 68-year-old gentleman, has trouble urinating and is given a rectal exam. What is his most probable condition, and what is the purpose of the rectal exam? | back 78 His prostate is probably hypertrophied. The prostate is immediately anterior to the rectum and can be examined digitally through the anterior rectal wall. |
front 79 Which pituitary hormone stimulates spermatogenesis? | back 79 FSH stimulates spermatogenesis. |
front 80 How does the final product of meiosis differ from the final product of mitosis? | back 80 The final product of mitosis is two diploid cells that are genetically identical to each other and to the mother cell. The final product of meiosis is four cells, each with half the normal number of chromosomes (haploid). Genetic variation is introduced by meiosis. |
front 81 How are nonmotile spermatids converted to functional sperm? | back 81 Excess cytoplasm is discarded, and what remains is compacted into the head, midpiece, and tail regions. Final maturation processes in the epididymis result in increased motility. |
front 82 Which pituitary hormone prompts testosterone production? | back 82 luteinizing hormone |
front 83 What is the exocrine product of the ovary? | back 83 Female gametes (eggs or ova) |
front 84 Which organ of the female duct system serves as an "incubator" for fetal development? What is the most common site of fertilization? | back 84 The uterus serves as an incubator. The uterine (fallopian) tubes are the most common site of fertilization. |
front 85 What name is given to an ovarian follicle that is ready to ovulate? | back 85 vesicular or Graafian follicle |
front 86 Besides the one functional gamete (ovum), what other cell types are produced during oogenesis, and what happens to them? | back 86 Polar bodies are also produced. They deteriorate and die because they lack sustaining cytoplasm. |
front 87 Which anterior pituitary hormone promotes follicle development in the ovary? | back 87 FSH promotes follicle development. |
front 88 Which anterior pituitary hormone causes ovulation? | back 88 LH stimulates ovulation |
front 89 Which ovarian hormone promotes the formation of female secondary sex characteristic? | back 89 Estrogen |
front 90 What happens during the proliferative stage of the uterine cycle? | back 90 the functional layer of the endometrium is rebuilt |
front 91 What are three important functions of progesterone in women? | back 91 Progesterone (1) causes the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle, (2) helps prepare the breasts for lactation, and (3) helps quiet the uterine muscle to maintain pregnancy. |
front 92 What problems do mutations of the BRCA genes cause? | back 92 A large percentage (80%) of women who carry the altered gene(s) develop breast cancer. |
front 93 How does cleavage differ from cell divisions occurring after birth? | back 93 Cleavage involves successive divisions not separated by growth of the cells, so the cells get smaller with each division. |
front 94 What are three roles of the placenta? | back 94 The placenta produces hormones of pregnancy, delivers nutrients and oxygen to the fetus, and removes wastes from the fetal blood. |
front 95 Explain how pregnancy affects a woman's respiratory and digestive processes. | back 95 During pregnancy, many women have heartburn because the uterus crowds the stomach. Constipation is another problem because mobility of the digestive tract decreases. Nasal stuffiness and difficulty breathing are common. |
front 96 What are the three stages of labor? | back 96 dilation, expulsion, placental |
front 97 Which sex chromosome combination yields a boy XX or XY? What hormone must be produced by an XY fetus during development to stimulate the formation of the male duct system? | back 97 XY; testosterone |
front 98 What is cryptorchidism, and what results if is not rectified? | back 98 Cryptorchidism is failure of the testes to descend into the scrotum; if uncorrected, the result is infertility. |
front 99 What are the major health threats to the adult woman's reproductive system? | back 99 Vaginal infections (E. coli, STIs, and fungal infections), which may lead to PID; abnormal or painful menses. |
front 100 which of the following are accessory sex structure in the male? | back 100 seminal vesicles |
front 101 the approximate area between the anus and the clitoris in the female is the | back 101 perineum |
front 102 Human ova and sperm are similar in that: | back 102 they have the same number of chromosomes |
front 103 after ovulation, the ruptured follicle | back 103 becomes corpus luteum |
front 104 the usual and most desirable presentation for birth is | back 104 vertex |
front 105 During human embryonic development, organogenesis occurs | back 105 during the first trimester |
front 106 the myometrium is the muscular layer of the uterus, and the endometrium is the _________ layer. | back 106 mucosa |