front 1 The diameter of a sequencing nanopore should be close to | back 1 Diameter of single-stranded DNA |
front 2 Length of a sequencing nanopore should be close to | back 2 Distance between nucleotides in DNA strand |
front 3 Both graphene sequencing nanopores and α-hemolysin channel sequencing nanopores are limited by | back 3 DNA translocation is too fast |
front 4 Which ion parameter is measured in Mass Spectrometry | back 4 None of the above (mass charge ratio) |
front 5 What is the source of charge of protein molecules in the Electrospray Ionization method? | back 5 External power supply |
front 6 What is the source of charge of protein molecules in the MALDI ionization method? | back 6 Matrix |
front 7 In a Time-of-Flight mass analyzer: | back 7 Lighter ions will arrive to the detector first |
front 8 What is the purpose of the first mass spectrometer in the Tandem Mass Spectrometry? | back 8 select a peptide |
front 9 Trypsin is used in Mass Spectrometry because it | back 9 Digests each protein into fragments |
front 10 The fluorophore part of GFP is made from | back 10 Amino acid residues |
front 11 Changing the excitation spectrum of a GFP is accomplished by | back 11 gene mutation |
front 12 Why do GFPs have lower rates of photobleaching and phototoxicity than organic fluorophores | back 12 GFPs protein structure provides protection from free radicals |
front 13 Photon energy is proportional to the light wave | back 13 Frequency |
front 14 The frequency of the emitted fluorescent light in comparison to the frequency of the absorbed light is | back 14 smaller |
front 15 Which ion parameter is changed when an ion mirror is added to a Time-of-Flight mass analyzer? | back 15 ion path length |
front 16 Fluorescent dye molecules for staining mitochondria are electrically: | back 16 positive |
front 17 Generic (non-specific) DNA fluorescent dye molecules are electrically: | back 17 positive |
front 18 DNA staining with generic fluorescent dyes can be performed | back 18 In live or dead cells |
front 19 In cell imaging, non-specific fluorescent DNA dyes are typically used to stain | back 19 nucleus |
front 20 Immunofluorescence allows imagine of what | back 20 proteins |
front 21 Immunofluorescent probes may include... | back 21 Small organic fluorophores, quantum dots, and proteins |
front 22 In comparison to organic fluorophores, quantum dots are likely to have | back 22 Stronger long-term chemical toxicity |
front 23 The emission spectrum of a quantum dot in comparison to a typical organic fluorophore is: | back 23 narrower |
front 24 The absorption spectrum of a quantum dot in comparison to a typical organic fluorophore is: | back 24 wider |
front 25 A decrease of quantum dot diameter will have the following effect on the wavelength of its fluorescence emission | back 25 decrease |
front 26 What is the cause of fluorophore photobleaching? | back 26 Interaction of excited fluorophore with surrounding molecules |
front 27 Which fluorophores are membrane-permeable (may diffuse passively through membrane)? | back 27 none |