front 1 what is composed of flexible cartilage which is enclosed with skin? | back 1 auricle (pinna) |
front 2 what is slightly curved, contains sebaceous and ceruminous glands? | back 2 external auditory meatus |
front 3 The external ear consists of | back 3 The auricle(pina), and external auditory meatus. |
front 4 what separates the external and middle ear and vibrates when hearing? | back 4 tympanic membrane |
front 5 what is hammer-shaped and transmits vibrations from eardrum to inner ear? | back 5 malleus |
front 6 what is the most superior part of the cavity and is a moveable joint; is anvil-shaped, the largest ossicle; transmits vibrations from malleus to stapes; articulates with head of the malleus | back 6 Incus |
front 7 what is the Smallest ossicle, the smallest bone in the human body; stirrup shaped; footplate goes into an oval window. | back 7 stapes |
front 8 what contains auditory ossicles and is between the medial part of the eardrum and bony wall of the inner ear? | back 8 tympanic cavity |
front 9 what connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx, is 4cm, travels downward, and maintains an equal amount of pressure on both sides of the tympanic membrane; pressure allows air to flow from the nasal cavity to the middle ear? | back 9 Beginning of eustachian tube |
front 10 the middle ear consists of? | back 10 the tympanic membrane, auditory ossicles; malleus, incus, Stapes |
front 11 What have hollow channels filled with perilymph fluid (plasma & CSF) | back 11 bony labyrinth |
front 12 what is associated with equilibrium? | back 12 the vestibule and three semicircular canals- bony labyrinth |
front 13 what consists of the inner ear? | back 13 bony labyrinth, membranous labyrinth, oval window, round window, cochlea, semicircular canals |
front 14 what is the main hearing organ, spiral-shaped embedded into the temporal bone and connected to the cerebrum by the vestibulocochlear nerve? | back 14 Cochlea |
front 15 the cochlea is divided into 3 chambers | back 15 scala vestibuli, scala tympani, scala media |
front 16 what is filled with perilymph? | back 16 scala vestibuli |
front 17 what is considered as the second chamber within the cochlea? | back 17 scala tympani |
front 18 what is located on the cochlear duct, third chamber, and contains endolymph | back 18 scala media |
front 19 what is located between the scala vestibule and tympani | back 19 cochlear duct |
front 20 what is seperated by the vestibular membrane? | back 20 scala vestibuli |
front 21 what is separated by a basilar membrane? | back 21 tympani |
front 22 what holds the organ of corti? | back 22 basilar membrane |
front 23 what is formed with auditory receptors cells, receives/conducts sound stimulus, hair cells in the organs of corti stimulates cochlear nerve | back 23 organ corti |
front 24 what is converted into info for the brain to process in the cochlea and is known as the sensorineural mechanism | back 24 Nerve impulses |
front 25 nerve impulses travel to? | back 25 common vestibule, auditory area, central nervous system (temporal lobe) |
front 26 a series of vibrations is often referred to as? | back 26 sound waves |
front 27 sound travels from | back 27 the outer ear, middle ear, malleus, incus, stapes, move in out of the oval window, inner ear, cochlea |
front 28 What causes damage to stapes? | back 28 osteosclerosis |
front 29 osteosclerosis is? | back 29 an abnormal growth of bone that hardens at the base of the stapes in the middle ear resulting in hearing loss due to the inability to vibrate. |
front 30 who discovered osteosclerosis? | back 30 Antonio Maria Valsalva |
front 31 hearing loss due to a lesion or disorder affecting ear canal/ middle ear | back 31 conductive hearing |
front 32 hearing loss due to a disorder in the inner ear or affecting the 8th cranial nerve (vestibulocochlear nerve) | back 32 sensorineural hearing |
front 33 Biology confirmed with | back 33 audiogram and CT scan |
front 34 who is affected by otosclerosis? | back 34 3 million American 10% of the population Caucasian or Asian American Ages between 10-30 women pregnant women Gene (25% if one parent, 50% if both parent) |
front 35 Treatment: | back 35 originally entire stapes was removed currently entire removal of stapes is removed if stapes is SEVERELY damaged |
front 36 what is used to gain function and movement of stapes in order to restore hearing | back 36 Prosthesis |
front 37 what is the most used prosthetics? | back 37 its comprised of a piston with a wire loop. |
front 38 what type of prosthetics is used to crimp the wire loop around the incus | back 38 laser |
front 39 reasons why surgery may not be recommended | back 39 active external or middle ear infection pre-existing perforation of the tympanic membrane Patient anatomy (inner ear malformations) poor physical health |
front 40 What is the second most common cause of failure | back 40 necrosis of the incus |
front 41 Patient positioning is? | back 41 supine and head turned to the non-operative side |
front 42 Patient prep: | back 42 patient eyes are taped circulator places grounding pad on thigh Surgeon shaves small amount of hair behind the ear using clippers patient prepped with betadine |
front 43 Patient draping | back 43 surgical tech drapes microscope patient is draped with an aperture drape and followed with ENT split drape |
front 44 Anesthesia: | back 44 general anesthesia administered a dose of 1% lidocaine with 1:100,000 of epi auricle and ear canal |
front 45 wound is closed with | back 45 3-0 polyglactin on 910 suture, tissue adhesive, and steri strips. |
front 46 a measurement of the length from the underside of the incus to the hole made in the footplate is made for | back 46 the prosthesis using the measuring rod. |
front 47 Dressings: | back 47 Wicks soaked in saline may be placed for any drainage Bacitracin may also be injected into the ear A cotton ball covered in bacitracin is placed into the ear The dressing is applied and then fastened around the head. |
front 48 Recovery -> post-op for patients: | back 48 avoid driving for at least a week to avoid inflammation and possible displacement The patient will receive antibiotic drops for the following week packing and suturing will be removed from the ear in 7 days. Avoid lifting heavy objects Ride in an airplane, blow their nose swim for three weeks do not get your ear wet to avoid inner ear infections can cause hearing loss avoid loud noises. |
front 49 Audiogram is done for aftercare between? | back 49 1-4 months |
front 50 An audiogram is done depending on? | back 50 how long patient can regain hearing |
front 51 for revision surgery audiogram will not be done until? | back 51 3-6 months. |