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Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

8 notecards = 2 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

kingdom Fungi

front 1

characteristics of kingdom fungi

back 1

• Eukaryotic
• Heterotrophic
• Nutrition includes: saprobes, parasites, & mycorhizzae
• Mycorhizzae: ecto & endo
• Haploid dominant
• Basic unit is hyphae
• Mycelium is mat of hypha, like a spiderweb

Use of exoenzymes which digest outside of fungus
• Fungi use extra-cellular digestion
• Sexual reproduction costs lots of energy, therefore, will do
asexual mode if environment permits

front 2

coenocytic

back 2

cell not separated into individual cell cross walls

front 3

dikaryotic

back 3

two living nuclei not connecting

front 4

heterikaryotic

back 4

mix of dikarotic and coenocytic

front 5

phylum cryptomycota

back 5

hidden fungus found in marine and fresh waters

live with and w/o oxygen

most are parasites

front 6

phylum microsprodia

back 6

unicellular parasite of animals

nosema ceranae linked to honeybee hive collapse

no flagellated spores as seen in other basal fungi
(Chytridiomycota), has harpoon structure used to infect host

produce cell wall of chitin

front 7

phylum CHYTRIDIOMYCOTA

back 7

found in lake and soil

saprobes and parasites

diverged in early fungal evolution

cell wall of chitin

• Has flagellated spores, zoospores, which is not a traditionally fungal
characteristic
• Batachochytrium dendrobatidis has been linked to amphibian decline

front 8

Mutualistic Symbiosis

back 8

Fungal partner is usually Ascomycota
• Fungus gives overall shape; retards water loss; brings in
phosphorous; protects partner from UV radiation
• Photosynthetic partner is either green algae or cyanobacteria
• Photosynthetic partner gives fungal member, sugar
• Each member usually cannot survive by itself
• Soredia are packets of both partners used in reproduction