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Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

17 notecards = 5 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Bio 2000 experiments

front 1

Khorana (1961)

back 1

Continued to elucidate the mRNA codons

front 2

Nirenberg & Matthaei (1961)

back 2

Synthesized mRNA with known nucleotides to determine which amino acids are translated

front 3

Franklin & Wilkins (1953)

back 3

x-ray diffraction, determined the structure of DNA

front 4

Meselson & Stahl (1958)

back 4

Labeled parental DNA 15N and transferred to 14N, extract DNA after gen 1 and gen 2 to determine that replication is semi-conservative

front 5

Cech (1981)

back 5

Self splicing introns ( sign of ribozymatic activity)

front 6

Gilbert (1986)

back 6

RNA can both hold information and act catalytically, the ancestral biomolecule

front 7

Ingram(1957)

back 7

Mutation the result of one amino acid change results in protein structure changing

front 8

Yanofsky(1963)

back 8

Relative order of a mutation in a gene sequence is relative to the order of the protein sequence.

front 9

Lederberg & Tatum (1946)

back 9

Discovered gene exchange in E. coli, that physical contact is needed and transfer is directional.

front 10

Griffith (1928)

back 10

Rough and smooth strain of virus in mice. Non-living substance responsible for transformation.

front 11

Avery, MacLeod, & McCarty (1944)

back 11

Eliminated different components of a HK strain where when DNA was destroyed no transformation.

front 12

Hershey & Chase (1952)

back 12

Radioactively labeled T2 phage. Proved DNA was responsible for hereditary not proteins

front 13

Chargaff (1949)

back 13

Nucleotides are not equally represented

front 14

Beadle & Tatum (1940s)

back 14

Created mutant strain unable to synthesize arginine therefore connecting genes to metabolic pathways.

front 15

Sturtevant (1911)

back 15

Use recombinant frequencies to map spatial relationship of genes on the same chromosome.

front 16

Carothers (1913)

back 16

Demonstrated independent segregation in anaphase I using heteromorphic chromosomes in grasshoppers.

front 17

Morgan (1910)

back 17

Isolated red and white yes is drosophila and demonstrated sex linked genes.