front 1 Pressure | back 1 A force exerted against a given area. |
front 2 Atmosphere (atm) | back 2 Air pressure |
front 3 Pascal (pa) | back 3 The SI unit of pressure |
front 4 Pounds per square inch (psi) | back 4 Pressure as the force (measured in pounds) applied to an area of
1 |
front 5 Millimeters of mercury (mmHg) | back 5 Comes from the mercury barometer which measures the pressure
of |
front 6 Ideal gas | back 6 A gas that perfectly adheres to the kinetic molecular |
front 7 kinetic molecular theory of gases | back 7 •Gas particles are far part from each other. Because of this, most of the volume of a gas is empty space. •Gas particles are in constant random motion. The particles have a range of speeds. •Gas particles have no attractive forces between them. When gas particles collide, energy is conserved. • Gas particles are moving and therefore have kinetic energy. This energy is directly proportional to the absolute temperature. |
front 8 changes of state | back 8 The change that occurs when a substance that exists in one state of matter becomes another state of matter; for example, a solid becomes becomes a liquid or a liquid becomes a gas. |
front 9 freezing | back 9 The change in state from a liquid to a solid. |
front 10 melting | back 10 The change in state from solid to liquid. |
front 11 vaporization | back 11 the change in state from liquid to gas |
front 12 condensation | back 12 the change in state from gas to liquid |
front 13 sublimination | back 13 the change in state from a solid directly to a gas |
front 14 deposition | back 14 the change in state from a gas directly to a solid |
front 15 physical equilibrium | back 15 occurs when two phases of matter exchange particles at equal rates, such as when the rate of moving to the vapor phase equals the rate of moving into the liquid phase |
front 16 vapor pressure | back 16 the pressure caused by the particles of vapor above a liquid |
front 17 boiling | back 17 the formation of gas bubbles of a liquid |
front 18 boiling point | back 18 The temperature at which the molecules of a substance change from a liquid to a gas(boil). At this temperature, the vapor pressure equals the atmospheric pressure. |
front 19 attractive forces | back 19 an attraction of opposite forces charges between molecules |
front 20 intermolecular forces | back 20 attractive forces between two or more molecules that are caused by uneven distribution of electrons within the molecules |
front 21 London forces | back 21 the weakest attractive force; an attraction formed from temporary (or induced) dipoles on molecules |
front 22 Induced dipole | back 22 A temporary, uneven distribution of the electrons over the surface of a molecule creating a brief separation of charge in the molecule |
front 23 permanent dipole | back 23 an uneven distribution of the electrons in a polar molecule caused by differences in the electronegativity of the atoms |
front 24 dipole-dipole attraction | back 24 the attraction of the partially positive end of one polar molecule to the partially negative end of a second polar molecule |
front 25 hydrogen bonding | back 25 the strong dipole dipole bonding attraction of a hydrogen, covalently bonded to an O, N, or F, to a nonbonding pair of electrons on an O, N, or F |
front 26 ion-dipole attraction | back 26 an electrical attraction between an iron and a polar molecule |
front 27 Ionic attraction | back 27 an attraction between a (+) and a (-) charge in or between compounds; also called an ionic bond or a a salt bridge |
front 28 melting point | back 28 the temperature at which the molecules of a substance change from a solid to a liquid |
front 29 solubility | back 29 the maximum amount of a substance that can dissolve in a specified amount of water at a given temperature |
front 30 golden rule of solubility | back 30 like dissolves like |
front 31 hydrophyllic | back 31 water loving |
front 32 hydrophobic | back 32 water fearing |
front 33 triglycerides | back 33 the product of a condensation reaction of three fatty acids and glycerol; also known as a fat or an oil |
front 34 esterification | back 34 a condensation reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol to from an ester |
front 35 hydration | back 35 an organic addition reaction where H and OH are added to the carbons in a carbon-carbon double bond |
front 36 amphipathic compunds | back 36 a compound that has both polar and non polar parts |
front 37 Micelle | back 37 a three dimensional spherical arrangement of soap molecules in water with the hydrophobic tails pointing inside, away from the water, and the hydrophilic heads pointing out into the water |
front 38 emulsifier | back 38 an amphipathic compound that allows polar and nonpolar substances to mix |
front 39 oil | back 39 a lipid molecule composed of three fatty acids joined to a glycerol backbone that exists as a liquid at a room temperature; also known as a triglyceride |
front 40 Fats | back 40 a lipid molecule composed of three fatty acids joined to a glycerol backbone that exists as a solid or semisolid at room temperature; also known as a triglyceride |
front 41 polyunsaturated | back 41 a term used to describe organic compounds that have more than one double or triple bond |
front 42 phospholipid | back 42 the primary structural component of cell membranes consisting of a glycerol backbone esterified with two fatty acids and a phosphate-containing group |
front 43 fluid mosaic model | back 43 a model used to describe the nature of the cell membrane |
front 44 steriods | back 44 a lipid containing a four membered fused ring structure called a steroid nucleus |