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21 notecards = 6 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

glycosis

front 1

Explain step 1

back 1

We start with a glucose molecule and use the enzyme hexokinase (adds/removes a phosphate group) to make glucose-6-phosphate. 1 ATP is used

front 2

Explain step 2 (isomerization)

back 2

Phosphoglucoisomerase changes the shape of glucose 6 phosphate into fructose 6 phosphate

front 3

Explain step 3 (commitment)

back 3

Phosphofructokinase adds a phosphate to
fructose-6-phosphate to make fructose-1,6-
diphosphate. 1 ATP is used

front 4

Explain step 4 (split step)

back 4

Adolase: cuts fructose-1,6-diphosphate in half
to get two similar pieces. GAP(G3P) and DHAP is produced.

front 5

Explain step 5 (conversion/doubling)

back 5

Triose phosphate isomerase: changes the shape of DHAP
to be identical with GAP or G3P. Everything happens twice now

front 6

Explain step 6 (oxidation)

back 6

G3P or GAP dehydrogenase: removes a hydrogen from EACH GAP and adds it to NAD+ to make NADH and adds a phosphate (from the cytosol) to GAP to make 1,3 biphosphoglycerate. (NADH (2) is made from NAD+)

front 7

Explain step 7 (debt settling)

back 7

Phosphoglycerokinase: transfers a phosphate from 1,3
biphosphoglycerate to ADP to make ATP. ATP (2) is made

front 8

Explain step 8 (shuffle)

back 8

Phosphoglyceromutase: shifts the phosphate groups around.

front 9

Explain step 9

back 9

Enolase: removes a molecule of water from 2-phosphoglycerate. water (2) is made.

front 10

Explain step 10 (payday)

back 10

Pyruvate kinase: transfers a phosphate from PEP to ADP to
make ATP. 2 ATP are made

front 11

What are the total outputs of glycosis?

back 11

2 pyruvates, 2 ATP, and 2 NADH

front 12

What are the steps of cellular respiration

back 12

1. glycosis

2. pyruvate oxidation

3. citric acid cycle

4. Oxidative phosphorylation

front 13

What is oxidation of Pyruvate

back 13

Pyruvate (a 3 carbon compound) is converted to
acetyl coenzyme A (a.k.a. acetyl CoA—a 2 carbon
compound) before entering the citric acid cycle

front 14

Describe the steps of Oxidation of Pyruvate

back 14

1. oxidation of pyruvate’s carboxyl group

2. Reduction of NAD+ to NADH

3. Combination of the remaining two-carbon fragment
with coenzyme A (CoA) to form acetyl CoA

front 15

True or false. 2 Acetyl CoA are produced from 1 glucose molecule

back 15

True

front 16

Where does glycosis occur?

back 16

In the cytosl

front 17

Where does pyruvate oxidation and citric acid cycle occur?

back 17

Mitochondrial matrix

front 18

Where does the electron transport chain (oxidation phosphorylation) occur?

back 18

Cristae (mitochondria)

front 19

Describe the citric acid cycle.

back 19

The citric acid cycle, also called the Krebs cycle,
oxidizes organic fuel derived from pyruvate,
generating 1 ATP, 3 NADH, and 1 FADH2
per turn. Another 2 CO2 are produced as a waste produce.

front 20

Is the citric acid cycle recycled through.

back 20

Yes, you start and end with oxaloacetate

front 21

Describe the Oxidation phosphorylation

back 21

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