front 1 What are enzymes? | back 1 specific organic molecules consisting of one or more polypeptide chains that form 3D shapes. They are catalyst! |
front 2 What do catalyst do? | back 2 They help speed up reactions. Lower activation energy of a reactant. Require for reactants to form products. |
front 3 Are catalyst consumed in a reaction? | back 3 No! They are recycled |
front 4 What are catalyst made of? | back 4 Proteins |
front 5 True or false. Enzymes can be very specific to substrate. | back 5 True (like a lock and key) |
front 6 What does a substrate bind to on an enzyme? | back 6 The active site |
front 7 What is the bond called when a substrate and enzyme meet? | back 7 An induced fit (tightly bonded together) |
front 8 After the enzyme binds with the active site and the reaction is complete what happens next? | back 8 A product is formed and is released from the unchanged enzyme. |
front 9 What are the enzyme helpers? | back 9 Cofactors and Coenzymes |
front 10 What are cofactors? | back 10 The non protein part of the enzyme that is required for the enzyme to work. |
front 11 What is an example of the cofactor? | back 11 Metallic ion |
front 12 What is a coenzyme? | back 12 An organic molecule |
front 13 What is an example of a coenzyme? | back 13 Vitamins |
front 14 What are the enzyme inhibitors? | back 14 Competitive and non competitive inhibitors |
front 15 What is a competitive inhibitor? | back 15 Competes for the active site |
front 16 What is a non-competitive inhibitor? | back 16 Does not bind to the active site of an enzyme, but rather another site on the enzyme. |
front 17 Which inhibitor can be overidden? | back 17 A competitive can be overridden(by adding more substrate) and a non-competitive cannot be overridden. |
front 18 What are the environmental conditions that affect enzymes? | back 18 Temperature, pH, and salt concentration |
front 19 Explain how enzyme concentration affected in a reaction? | back 19 More enzymes = faster reaction (as long as substrate |
front 20 Explain how substrate concentration affected in a reaction? | back 20 More substrate = increased activity rate (until saturation |
front 21 What is the saturation point? | back 21 (max activity) when all enzymes are bound with substrate |
front 22 What is a aerobic reaction? | back 22 Requires oxygen |
front 23 What does it mean when a enzyme is denatured? | back 23 When the shape of an enzymes active site is altered. |
front 24 How is enzyme activity obsereved? | back 24 through a color change |
front 25 What is the enzyme that initiates the browning process and the one we are working with in class? | back 25 Catecholase |