front 1 Floor plans | back 1 a scale diagram of the arrangement of rooms in one story of a building |
front 2 sections | back 2 a type of architectural drawing that shows a vertical cut through a building or an object, perpendicular to the horizon line |
front 3 elevations | back 3 a drawing of a vertical surface or plane of a building, either a facade of the exterior or a wall in the interior |
front 4 axonometrics (“axons”) | back 4 also known as parallel projection or axonometry, is a two-dimensional representation of three-dimensional objects |
front 5 perspectives | back 5 a drawing is the representation of three-dimensional objects on a two-dimensional |
front 6 poché | back 6 a French architectural term for the solid elements that are cut by a plane |
front 7 program | back 7 a detailed breakdown of the spaces within a building or site, based on client requirements, user activities and needs, and spaces required for the building to operate |
front 8 typology | back 8 the study and classification of buildings and urban spaces according to their common characteristics |
front 9 firmness | back 9 the physical strength that secures the building's structural integrity |
front 10 commodity | back 10 refers to spatial functionality or fulfilling the function for which the building was constructed |
front 11 Live loads | back 11 a term used in architecture to refer to all load other than the permanent weight of a structure |
front 12 dead loads | back 12 a term used in architecture to describe permanent or stationary loads which are transferred to structure throughout the life span |
front 13 lateral loads | back 13 are horizontal forces acting on a structure |
front 14 Post and lintel | back 14 a building system where vertical elements support horizontal elements |
front 15 corbel and cantilever | back 15 .Corbel is a structural member that juts out of a wall to carry a superincumbent weight1 2. It refers to a projection from a wall that supports weight, often in the form of a bracket or block2.Cantilever is a beam or slab that is supported at one end and projects horizontally, creating an overhang1 2 3. It is a rigid structural element that extends horizontally and is supported at only one end |
front 16 arch and vault | back 16 An arch is a curved structure that spans an opening, such as a doorway or window1 2. A vault is a ceiling or roof that is curved or arched, typically made of stone or brick |
front 17 truss and space frame | back 17 a truss is a structure with pinned connections while a frame has rigid joints1. A space frame is a rigid, lightweight, truss-like structure constructed from interlocking struts in a geometric pattern |
front 18 compression | back 18 a force within a structural system that squeezes down, across or even up, on another structural member or immobile component |
front 19 tension | back 19 the use of forces that resist pulling apart to create structural systems |
front 20 Solstices | back 20 the time or date (twice each year) at which the sun reaches its maximum or minimum declination, marked by the longest and shortest days |
front 21 equinoxes | back 21 the start of spring and autumn |
front 22 In situ | back 22 construction which is carried out at the building site using raw materials |
front 23 corbel | back 23 a structural piece of stone, wood or metal jutting from a wall to carry a superincumbent weight |
front 24 ashlar | back 24 finely dressed (cut, worked) stone |
front 25 relieving arch | back 25 arch built over a lintel or architrave to relieve or distribute the weight of the wall above |
front 26 propylea | back 26 a monumental gateway |
front 27 megaron | back 27 Architecturally, it was a rectangular hall that was surrounded by four columns |
front 28 gable | back 28 the generally triangular portion of a wall between the edges of intersecting roof pitches |
front 29 intercolumniation | back 29 the spacing between columns in a colonnade |
front 30 engaged column | back 30 column embedded in a wall and partly projecting from the surface of the wall |
front 31 stoa | back 31 a covered walkway or portico |
front 32 voussoir | back 32 a wedge-shaped element |
front 33 Land use planning | back 33 a process that brings together consideration for both the physical development as well as the social characteristics of an area |
front 34 orthogonal urban grid | back 34 a type of city plan in which streets run at right angles to each other, forming a grid. |
front 35 metropole/colony | back 35 is the homeland, central territory or the state exercising power over a colonial empire |
front 36 cardo/decamanus | back 36 hinge or axis of the city |
front 37 Doric | back 37 simple circular capitals at the top of columns |
front 38 Ionic | back 38 has a small base, a thin elegant shaft, and a capital composed of volutes |
front 39 Corinthean | back 39 the last developed and most ornate of the three principal classical orders of Ancient Greek architecture and Roman architecture |
front 40 Capital | back 40 the topmost part of a column in architecture |
front 41 frieze | back 41 wide central section of an entablature and may be plain or decorated with bas-reliefs |
front 42 entablature | back 42 horizontal structure that rests on columns and consists of moldings and bands |
front 43 cornice | back 43 decorative and protective projection at the top of a wall, a roof, or another architectural element |
front 44 Double barrel vault | back 44 produced by the intersection at right angles of two barrel vaults |
front 45 oculus | back 45 a circular or oval-shaped structural element resembling an eye |
front 46 coffer | back 46 a sunken panel in the shape of a square, rectangle, or octagon that serves as a decorative device, usually in a ceiling or vault |
front 47 dome | back 47 hemispherical structure evolved from the arch |
front 48 concrete | back 48 permanently exposed to view and therefore requires special care in selection of the concrete materials |
front 49 opus | back 49 a latin term that generically indicates various techniques of constructing buildings |
front 50 veneer | back 50 a thin decorative finish typically made of brick, stone or stucco |
front 51 sequence/procession | back 51 path one takes while entering or passing through a work |
front 52 axis/symmetry | back 52 refers to similar forms, shapes, or angles along a central axis or point |
front 53 rhythm | back 53 patterns, elements or motifs at irregular or regular intervals |
front 54 hierarchy | back 54 a design principle that articulates significance to any space or form |