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BIO I Exam 1

front 1 Jimmy does a study that reveals that students that sleep full 8 hours perform well in their classes. So he says to his friend you sleep a full 8 hours therefore you must do well in your classes. What type of reasoning is this ?	back 1 Deductive reasoining
front 2 .Fill in the blank. If I were to graph the data of hours slept vs taking insomnia medicine, the number of hours each patient sleeps is the _____ variable and the taking the medicine is the ______ variable.	back 2 Dependent and Independent
front 3 Which of the following gives the weakest indication of life ?	back 3 Prescence of O, C N
front 4 Observation	back 4 Knowledge or information obtained about the world via senses or scientific instruments

front 5 natural	back 5 Occurring in nature
front 6 Hypothesis	back 6 a possible explanation for an observation
front 7 theory	back 7 a hypothesis that has been tested many times and has never been disproven.
front 8 True or False. Inductive reasoning is taking a specific instance and applying it as a general principle	back 8 True

front 9 The one factor that a scientist manipulates during an experiment..	back 9 independent variable
front 10 7. Ben makes five paper helicopters with different wing lengths. He drops them the same way from a height of two meters for five trials each. He records the amount of time it takes for each helicopter to fall to the ground. What is the dependent variable?	back 10 amount of time it takes the helicopter to hit the floor
front 11 When graphing data in a bar graph (a.k.a. column graph), the independent variable is presented on the ________ and the dependent variable is presented on the___?	back 11 x axis; y axis
front 12 The smallest basic unit of matter is the	back 12 atom

front 13 Which of the following is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons	back 13 ION
front 14 Atoms in molecules share pairs of electrons when they make	back 14 covalent bonds
front 15 Which of the following solutions has the highest H ion concentration	back 15 a solution with a pH of 1
front 16 Substances are changed into different substances when bonds break and form during	back 16 . chemical reactions

front 17 The nucleus of an atom contains	back 17 A. protons and neutrons
front 18 . What is the fundamental difference between covalent and ionic bonding?	back 18 In a covalent bond, the partners share a pair of electrons; in an ionic bond, one partner captures an electron from the other.
front 19 Water molecules stick to other water molecules because	back 19 Hydrogen bonds form between the hydrogen atoms of one water molecule and the oxygen atoms of other water molecules.
front 20 solution with a pH of 7 is	back 20 neutral

front 21 covalent bonds	back 21 form when pairs of valence electrons are shared between two atoms.
front 22 the attraction between two oppositely charged ions e.g Na+ and Cl-	back 22 ionic bond
front 23 polar covalent bonds	back 23 electrons are unequal shared
front 24 hydrogen bonds	back 24 no data

front 25 potential enegry	back 25 staying place
front 26 kinetic energy	back 26 movement
front 27 Which of the following are not found in the nucleus of an atom?	back 27 electrons
front 28 The part of the atom containing a positive charge is the?	back 28 proton

front 29 When the proton number and electron number are unequal, the atom or molecule	back 29 is an ion
front 30 carbohydrates are?	back 30 monosaccarides provide energy to body bread and potatoes
front 31 Proteins are?	back 31 Amino acids help in metabolism provide structure suppot eggs, and chicken
front 32 nucleic acids	back 32 neucleotides make up DNA and RNA dna and rna

front 33 Lipids	back 33 fatty acids stores energy fats and oils
front 34 Which of the following regarding the chemical bases are FALSE	back 34 Adenine pairs with Thymine in RNA
front 35 what are the three components of a neuclotide?	back 35 phosphate sugar nitrogen
front 36 how many covalent bonds can Carbon form?	back 36 4

front 37 dehydration synthesis	back 37 takes water out
front 38 Hydrolysis	back 38 takes water in
front 39 What is the name of the covalent bond joining two monosaccharides?	back 39 Glycosidic
front 40 A ___________ consists of three fatty acids linked to one glycerol molecule	back 40 thyglycerol

front 41 hydrophilic polar	back 41 heads attracts water
front 42 hydrophobic non polar	back 42 tails do not attract water
front 43 What is the name of the covalent bond joining two amino acids?	back 43 a. Peptide
front 44 . What are three things that can cause denaturation in proteins?	back 44 increase in temp ph organic compounds

front 45 In DNA, the sugar is ___________ , in RNA the sugar is ______________.	back 45 Deoxyribose, ribose
front 46 What is the name of the covalent bond joining two nucleotides?	back 46 Phosphodiester
front 47 Adenine always pairs with __________ and they have ______ Hydrogen bonds between them.	back 47 thymine, 2 H bonds
front 48 Cytosine always pairs with __________ and they have ______ Hydrogen bonds between them.	back 48 guanine, 3 H bonds

front 49 The two DNA strands are _________ to each other.	back 49 Complementary Antiparallel
front 50 DNA simila	back 50 DNA lacks a 2 prime OH DNA ADENINE BINDS TO THYMINE IN RNA ADENINE BINDS TO URACIL THEY BOTH HAVE A SUGAR PHOSPHATE GROUP THEY ARE FORM OF NEUCLOTIDES
front 51 HYDROXIL	back 51 O-H
front 52 O / / --C \	back 52 Carbonate group

front 53 carboxyl	back 53 O \|\| / \ R OH
front 54 amino acid group	back 54 H / ---N \ H
front 55 pHOSPHATE	back 55
front 56 Methyl	back 56

front 57 Carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids are classes of	back 57 Macromolecules
front 58 These molecules are ___________, which means they contain carbon.	back 58 Organic
front 59 Subunits of these molecules are called _________ and are connected together by strong__________ bonds.	back 59 covalent
front 60 The complex 3-D structure of this molecule is made up of primary, secondary, tertiary, and sometimes quaternary levels.	back 60 Protein

front 61 You are studying a newly discovered species and want to analyze its genetic information. What type of molecule would you analyze?	back 61 a) Nucleic Acid
front 62 Macromolecules	back 62 Function: provides energy Structure: CH2O
front 63 Proteins	back 63 helps in metabolism provide structure support Primary, Sec, Tertiary, quaternary
front 64 Nucleic acids	back 64 storage an expression of genetic information DNA DOUBLE HELLIX RNA Single

front 65 Lipids	back 65 stores energy signaling molecules 1 glycerol 2 fatty acids
front 66 Which part of an amino acid's basic structure gives it its unique functional characteristics?	back 66 ) R- Group
front 67 Select all of the following functions in which you would expect to find Lipids.	back 67 b) Energy Storage c) Steroid Hormones d) Cell Membranes e) Cholesterol
front 68 Which part of the nucleotides' structure is responsible for the incredible variation that exists amongst all types of organisms?	back 68 ) Nitrogenous Base

front 69 Nucleus	back 69 Pro Cells Absent and Euka cells present
front 70 membrane	back 70 pro cells absent and euka present
front 71 cell wall	back 71 pro and euka present
front 72 ribosome	back 72 present in both euka and pro

front 73 Cytoskeleton	back 73 absent in pro and present in eukaryotic
front 74 Explain the evolution of eukaryotic cells using the endosymbiotic theor	back 74 The endosymbiotic theory states that mitochondria chloroplasts in euka cells were once a aerobic bacteria ingested by a large anaerobic bacteria
front 75 States facts about endosymbiotic theory	back 75 membrane double membrane bound antibiotics suceptibility division made of repication
front 76 ribosome	back 76 responsible for protein synthesis without ribosome, translation of mRNA INTO protein causes cellular growth stops

front 77 mitochondria	back 77 cellular organelles responsible for carrying out cellular respiration, resulting in producing ATP, the cell’s main energy-carrying molecule
front 78 Golgi aparatus	back 78 eukaryotic organelle comprised of a series of stacked membranes that sorts, tags, and packages lipids and proteins for distribution
front 79 lysosome if become non fuctional	back 79 organelle in an animal cell that functions as the cell’s digestive component; it breaks down proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, nucleic acids, and even worn-out organelles
front 80 golgi IF NON FUCNTIONAL	back 80 PACKINGING AND TRANSPORT OF PROTEIN WILL NOT TAKE PLACE

front 81 VACUOLE IF NON FUNCTIONAL	back 81 CELL DEATH thru degradation organells and nucleus included
front 82 smoth ER non functional	back 82 the cell will die
front 83 Which of the following contains hydrolytic enzymes?	back 83 ) lysosome
front 84 Which of the following contains its own DNA and ribosomes?	back 84 C) mitochondrion

front 85 Which of the following contain the 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules?	back 85 cilia and flagella
front 86 Large numbers of ribosomes are present in cells that specialize in producing which of the following molecules?	back 86 C) proteins
front 87 Which structure is the site of the synthesis of proteins that may be exported from the cell?	back 87 A) rough ER
front 88 LIst 4 functions of the cell or plasma membrane.	back 88 provides structural support barrier regulate exchange of materials

front 89 All prokaryotic cells lack a membrane bound nucleus.	back 89 TRUE
front 90 . ________ are the “highway” of the cytoskeleton.	back 90 MICROTUBULES
front 91 O HYDROPHYLIC HEADS / \ TAILS	back 91 phospholipID BILAYERS
front 92 A protein that is being made and processed for export from the cell follows which correct sequence:	back 92 ER → Golgi apparatus → secretory vesicle → cell membrane

front 93 Adjacent cells can signal others by direct contact, while nearby cells that are not touching can communicate by the release of __________ signals.	back 93 PARACRINE
front 94 The phospholipid of the plasma membrane A. Is a lipid monolayer B. Exposes hydrophobic heads outside C. Is compound of a polar “head” and 2 non-polar hydrocarbon chains D. has cross-connection between them. E. Is permeable to polar molecules	back 94 . Is compound of a polar “head” and 2 non-polar hydrocarbon chains
front 95 42. Movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration: A. Osmosis B. phagocytosis C. Active transport D. pinocytosis E. Diffusio	back 95 DIFFUSION
front 96 OSMOSIS	back 96 thru semipermeable membrane

front 97 4. The process of taking in material in bulk to a cell	back 97 . Phagocytosis
front 98 45. Which of the following is not a part of the sodium-potassium pump?	back 98 D. ATP binds to the protein which becomes phosphorylated (ADP is released)
front 99 Phosphate facilitates potassium ion binding to transport protein.	back 99 A. move from areas of high concentration to areas of lesser concentration until an equilibrium is reached
front 100 If you were a very thirsty cell, which process would you use to take in some nutrients secreted by one of your neighbors?	back 100 B. pinocytosis

front 101 . A biological molecule that adds phosphates to other molecules is called a(n):	back 101 kinase
front 102 Water molecules are polar with ends that exhibit partial positive and negative charges. Such opposite charges make water molecules attract each other through bonds called	back 102 D. hydrogen bonds.
front 103 D. Second messengers	back 103 Some enzymatic receptors and most G protein-coupled receptors utilize other substances to relay the message within the cytoplasm. These other substances are small molecules or ions called
front 104 As a scientist you perform an experiment in which you create an artificial cell with a selectively permeable membrane through which only water can pass. You put a 5M solution of glucose into to see?	back 104 B. Water moves into the cell.

front 105

How are metabolic pathways controlled?

back 105

. Feedback inhibition.