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Instructions for Side by Side Printing
  1. Print the notecards
  2. Fold each page in half along the solid vertical line
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal dotted line
  4. Optional: Glue, tape or staple the ends of each notecard together
  1. Verify Front of pages is selected for Viewing and print the front of the notecards
  2. Select Back of pages for Viewing and print the back of the notecards
    NOTE: Since the back of the pages are printed in reverse order (last page is printed first), keep the pages in the same order as they were after Step 1. Also, be sure to feed the pages in the same direction as you did in Step 1.
  3. Cut out the notecards by cutting along each horizontal and vertical dotted line
To print: Ctrl+PPrint as a list

27 notecards = 7 pages (4 cards per page)

Viewing:

Intro to DNA History, Structure and Replication

front 1

nucleotide

back 1

the monomer of a nucleic acid (DNA, RNA)

front 2

Sugar in DNA

back 2

deoxyribose

front 3

Nitrogenous Bases in DNA

back 3

adenine (A)

thymine (T)

guanine (G)

cytosine (C)

front 4

Purines

back 4

double ringed nitrogenous bases

includes adenine and guanine

front 5

pyrimidines

back 5

single ring nitrogenous bases

includes cytosine and thymine

front 6

hydrogen bonds

back 6

what holds the two strands of DNA together

A-T=2

G-C=3

front 7

What are the sides of the DNA made of?

back 7

Sugar (deoxyribose) and phosphate

front 8

What are the rungs of the DNA model made of?

back 8

complementary base pairs

A-T, G-C

front 9

Where is DNA located in a eukaryotic cell?

back 9

in the nucleus

front 10

Francis Griffith

back 10

scientist who studied streptococcus pneumoniae

found the "transforming principle"

front 11

Avery, MacLeod, McCarty

back 11

proved DNA was the genetic material using streptococcus pneumoniae and various enzymes to isolate carbs, lipids, proteins and nucleic acids. We identifying what the "transforming principle" was.

front 12

Hershey & Chase

back 12

The scientists who finally settled the debate that DNA, not protein was the genetic material. Used a bacteriophage virus, bacteria and radioactive isotopes.

front 13

Erwin Chargaff

back 13

Chargaff's Rules

The amount of A equals the amount of T

The amount of G equals the amount of C

front 14

Friedrich Miescher

back 14

First scientist to isolate (extract) DNA

front 15

Franklin and Wilkins

back 15

took X-Ray crystallography pictures of the DNA

identified DNA was a helix

front 16

Watson and Crick

back 16

the scientists who identified the structure of DNA, the double helix.

front 17

When does DNA replication take place?

back 17

prior to a cell dividing

front 18

Why is DNA replication semi-conservative?

back 18

It saves half of the original strand and uses it as a template to make the other half new and complementary. End up with two identical copies.

front 19

DNA Helicase

back 19

the enzyme that unwinds and unzips the DNA for replication

front 20

DNA Polymerase

back 20

the enzyme that adds new complementary nucleotides to the template strand.

front 21

SSB

back 21

single stranded binding proteins

hold the original 2 DNA strands apart

front 22

RNA primase

back 22

provides a starting point for DNA polymerase to begin copying the DNA

front 23

DNA ligase

back 23

the enzyme that seals the Okazaki fragments into a continuous strand

front 24

leading strand

back 24

the original DNA strand that is copied continuously

front 25

lagging strand

back 25

the original DNA strand that is copied in pieces, Okazaki fragment.

front 26

mutation

back 26

a change in the DNA

front 27

mutagen

back 27

anything that causes a mutation