A&P II Lab final Flashcards

The body system that includes kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder and urethra

Function of the urinary system

The functional unit of the kidney

The cluster of capillaries, forming part of the nephron "little ball of yarn" that forms filtrate

"foot cells"

capsule of the nephron

3 functions of the nephron

The smooth collapsible, muscular sac that stores urine temporarily (storage resevoir for urine)

3 parts of the glomerular filtration membrane

macula densa

JG (juxtaglomerular)cells

ureter

urethra

the openings in the glomerular endothelium [L. fedestratus, windows]

functional unit of the kidney, consisting of the renal corpuscle, the proximal convoluted tubule, the loop of Henle, and the distal convoluted tubule

one of two tubes conducting urine from the kidney to the urinary bladder

tube conducting urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body

Inability to prevent the discharge of any of the excretions, especially of urine or feces

part of the kidney consisting of renal lobules in the outer zone beneath the capsule and the lobules of the renal columns that are extensions inward between the pyramids;

One of a number of pyramidal masses seen on longitudinal section of the kidney; they contain part of the loops of Henle and the collecting tubules

Mass of capillary loops at the beginning of each nephron, nearly surrounded by Bowman’s capsule

artery conveying blood to a part

efferent glomerular arteriole of kidney

a microscopic structure in the kidney, which regulates the function of each nephron. The juxtaglomerular apparatus is found between the vascular pole of the renal corpuscle and the returning Distal Convoluted Tubule of the same nephron. This location is critical to its function in regulating renal blood flow and glomerular filtration rate. The three cellular components of the apparatus are the macula densa of the distal convoluted tubule, smooth muscle cells of the afferent arteriole and juxtaglomerular cells.

cells of the distal convoluted tubule located at the renal corpuscle and forming part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus

the nephron that extends from the glomerulus to the descending limb of the loop of Henle

convoluted tubule of the nephron that extends from the ascending limb of the loop of Henle and ends in the collecting duct

U-shaped part of tge nephron extending from the proximal to the distal convoluted tubule and consisting of descending and ascending limbs. Some of the loops of Henle extend into the renal pyramids

A double-walled, cup-shaped structure around the glomerulus of each nephron of the vertebrate kidney. It serves as a filter to remove organic wastes, excess inorganic salts, and water.

Movement, due to a pressure difference, of a liquid through a filter that prevents some or all of the substance in the liquid from passing through

The act of resorbing

Substance produced inside a cell and released from the cell

Specialized capillary that extends from the cortex of the kidney into the medulla and then back to the cortex

capillary network located in the cortex of the kidney; associated with the distal and proximal convoluted tubules

The Bowman's capsule extends into a tubule that is proximal to the glamerulus, called the ______

Hair pin loop of nephron tubule that descends/ascends, assisting electrolyte balance by forming a concentration gradient, is _______

portion of the loop of the nephron distal to the glomerulus is the _____

Urination, voiding, emptying of urinary bladder is formally called _______

small, red, retroperitoneal bean shaped organs that are responsible for urine formation, are called the

substances that increase urine production are collectively called _____

process of filtering, as in the glomerulus filtering filtering the blood into Bowman's capsule, is formally called _______

The outside of any organ is called the _______

pyramid shaped collection of tubules within the medulla of the kidneys

opening "basin" or collective expansions of the major calyces in the kidney

excretory product from the urinary system, or filtrate that has passed into the collecting ducts to the papillary ducts

connective tissue "capsule" that wraps tightly around the perimeter of the kidney like the skin of an apple

measurement of concentration within a nephron, measured in milliosmols

indentation of the kidney

collective openings of two or more minor calyces

middle of any organ is called the

middle of the kidney is called the

capsule that surrounds, supports and protects the kidney made of adipose tissue, is called the

fascia that surrounds the adipose capsule and holds the kidneys to the posterior body wasll is called the

the ducts that collect urine in the nephron are aptly called

"foot cells" that surround the glomerular endothelium and form the external portion of the filtration membrane are called

the substance that is filtered from glomerular blood plasma and seeps into the Bowman's capsule is now called

the combination of the capillary hydrostatic pressure, the capsular hydrostatic pressure and the blood colloid osmotic pressure, together are referred to as the

the volume of filtrate formed each minute (125 mL/min)us called the

The cells "next to the glomerulus" that secrete renin are called _______-

The large ducts that drain (collect) filtrate from the distal convoluted tubules are called _____

Transepithelial reclamation of solutes is called

Reabsorption within the kidney tubules is called

Passive, nonselective process in which hydrostatic pressure forces fluids and solutes through the filtration membrane is called

filtrationDiffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane from a less concentrated solution towards a more concentrated one is called

inflammation of the entire kidney is called

_______ & ________ are antidiuretic hormones (decrease water flow)

_____ ___ excretes water that is pulled back into the sodium particles in the body

tests for osmotic pressures/chemicals of substances

ascending limb actively pumpts out ____ & ___ ions

If there is not enough blood pressure coming in the JG cells release __________(enzyme.hormone

angitension stimulates the release of ___

Function of aldosterone is to ______

Aldosterone makes watery dilute back into concentrate, which increases the blood pressure in glomarulus and then system sends message to stop releasing _________

Vasorecta are really slow pressure to ____

Aldosterone and ADH determine the _________ of urine.

Purpose of CCK (coloncystokinn)

The glomerular capillary pressure has to be higher 'cuz pressure in capsule needs to be higher to push fluid out of filtration or the ___and _ will both flow backwards and cause toxicity

Filtration is passive in the

Tell about Inulin