The neurohypophysis or posterior lobe of the pituitary gland is not a true endocrine gland because ________.
it is only a hormone storage area that receives hormones from the hypothalamus for release
Which of the following is/are a part of the external ear?
Auricle
The cells found within the parathyroid gland that secrete parathyroid hormone are called _______.
chief cells
There are three layers of neurons in the retina. The axons of which of these neuron layers form the optic nerves?
ganglion cells
Which of the following homeostatic imbalances results from hyposecretion of growth hormone?
Pituitary dwarfism
Which of the following is true about light and vision?
When we see the color of an object, all light is being absorbed by that object except for the color being experienced.
The oil component found in tears is produced by the ________.
tarsal glands
Receptors for hearing are located in the ________.
cochlea
Ceruminous glands are ________.
modified apocrine sweat glands
Which of the following structures is not part of the external ear?
pharyngotympanic tube
What prevents the eyelids from sticking together when the eyes close?
tarsal gland secretions
ADH ________.
is inhibited by alcohol
Dim light and peripheral vision receptors are called:
Rods
Place the following events in the order in which they occur during sound transmission:
1.Tympanic membrane vibrates
2.Internal ear fluids are set in motion
3.Hearing receptors are stimulated
4.Ossicles of the ear vibrate
5.Auditory cortex is stimulated
1,4,2,3,5
Visible light fits between ________.
UV and infrared
Which of the following occurs within a negative feedback system?
Target organ effects inhibit further hormone release.
What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye?
iris
Seventy percent of all sensory receptors are located in the ________.
eye
The ability of a specific tissue or organ to respond to the presence of a hormone is dependent on ________.
the presence of the appropriate receptors on the cells of the target tissue or organ
Direct gene activation involves a second-messenger system.
False
Farsightedness is more properly called ________.
hyperopia
Chemical substances secreted by cells into the extracellular fluids and that regulate the metabolic function of other cells in the body are called ________.
Hormones
Any given hormone will influence the activity of ___________.
its target cells
Regulating hormones from the hypothalamus ________.
first enter into the hypophyseal portal system
Normal development of the immune response is due in part to hormones produced by the ________.
Thymus Gland
Which of the following organs is considered a neuroendocrine organ?
Hypothalamus
As blood levels of ___________ rise, the expulsive contractions of labor gain momentum and finally end in birth.
oxytocin
As we age:
the ability to detect high-pitched sounds diminishes.
The blind spot of the eye is where ________.
the optic nerve leaves the eye
Which of the following is not an endocrine gland?
Adenoid gland
Receptors for hearing are located in the ________.
cochlea
Match the following:
Question
The structure most responsible for focusing light rays that enter the eye.
The sensory layer of the eye.
Helps maintain the intraocular pressure; located in the anterior part of the eye.
Area of greatest visual acuity.
Answer:
A.
Lens
B.
Retina
D.
Aqueous humor
C.
Fovea centralis
Which of the following hormones stimulates gamete (sperm or egg) production?
Follicle-stimulating hormone
Which of the following stimulates most body cells to increase in size and divide?
Growth hormone
A man has been told that he is not synthesizing enough follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and for this reason he may be unable to father a child. Choose the correct statement to explain this problem.
FSH stimulates sperm production in the testes.
Light passes through the following structures in which order?
cornea, aqueous humor, lens, vitreous humor
Steroids are synthesized from:
cholesterol.
When one hormone opposes the action of another hormone, the interaction is called _____.
antagonism
Water-soluble hormones exhibit the shortest:
Half-Life
What is the main function of the rods in the eye?
vision in dim light
Olfactory receptor cells are neurons that undergo noticeable turnover throughout adult life.
True
What structure regulates the amount of light passing to the visual receptors of the eye?
iris
The major targets of growth hormone are ________.
bones and skeletal muscles
As we age:
the ability to detect high-pitched sounds diminishes.
Steroid hormones exert their action by ________.
entering the nucleus of a cell and initiating or altering the expression of a gene
Iodine is an essential element required for the synthesis of thyroxine.
True
With age, chronic stress increases blood levels of cortisol and appears to contribute to memory deterioration.
True
Nerve fibers from the medial aspect of each eye ________.
cross over to the opposite side at the chiasma
Which of the following is not one of the three major types of stimuli to trigger endocrine glands to manufacture and release their hormones?
endocrinal stimuli
The ______ is not a part of the vascular layer of the eye.
sclera
ACTH ________.
secretion is regulated by a hypothalamic secretion
The endocrine gland that is probably malfunctioning if a person has a high metabolic rate is the parathyroid.
False
In the visual pathways to the brain, the optic radiations project to the ________.
primary visual cortex
Which of the follow types of neurons are replaced throughout adult life?
olfactory receptor cells
Ordinarily, it is not possible to transplant tissues from one person to another, yet corneas can be transplanted without tissue rejection. This is because the cornea ________.
has no blood supply
Olfactory cells and taste buds are normally stimulated by ________.
substances in solution
The receptor for static equilibrium is the ________.
macula