Communications Final Flashcards

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a reason to learn about small groups?

a. It will help you in college

b. It will help you personally

c. It is essential to career success

d. It is significantly faster than individual decision making

The group's expectations of how other group members will behave, think, and participate is called group _____.

a. rules

b. norms

c. beliefs

d. behavior

Formal, structured behaviors which are expected of a group are called group _____.

a. rules

b. norms

c. beliefs

d. commitments

Research indicates the ideal size for a group is _____.

a. five members

b. nine members

c. seven members

d. thirteen members

The attraction that group members have toward each other is called group _____.

a. rules

b. norms

c. commitment

d. cohesiveness

The technique of group members generating lots of ideas without making an attempt to evaluate them is called _____.

a. analysis

b. evaluation

c. groupthink

d. brainstorming

Which of the following is a question of policy?

a. Does campus security need more personnel?

b. Should alcohol use on campus be controlled?

c. Do poor study habits have a harmful effect on grades?

d. Can a study group on campus parking create change in the parking situation?

When a group member specializes in keeping the group "on task" by reminding members about the agenda or the point being discussed when the group is regressed, which role is he or she playing?

a. Regulator

b. Initiator-expeditor

c. Recognition seeker

d. Harmonizer-compromiser

Which of the following is true of members playing dysfunctional roles in groups?

a. Dysfunctional roles should be carefully regulated

b. All dysfunctional roles must be completely eliminated

c. Self-discipline is one of the best ways to control the influence

d. Any individual found playing such a role should be supressed

A person who becomes a leader because other like him or her is showing _____ influence.

a. expert power

b. referent power

c. organizational power

d. punishment/reward power

Those people who work for the well-being and growth of everyone and are committed to creating a sense of community and sharing power in decision making are known as _____.

a. servant leaders

b. functional leaders

c. situational leaders

d. laissez-faire leaders

Authoritarian, democratic, and laissez-faire leaders are grouped under _____.

a. shared leaders

b. functional leaders

c. traditional leaders

d. situational leaders

A person who "calls all the shots" in a group and controls the group by deciding what the members should talk about and who should talk is a(n) _____.

a. effective leader

b. democratic leader

c. laissez-faire leader

d. authoritarian leader

A laissez-faire leader is one who:

a. let's all points of view be heard

b. decides who should talk and when

c. calls the group together but does little else

d. sets rules for the group governing discussions

What is the main or key advantage of situational leadership?

a. it gives leaders the main structure for leading groups

b. It places the main or key emphasis on the members of the groups

c. It allows leaders to use their persuasive talents to persuade members

d. Its places responsibility on leaders to determine the appropriate leadership style

Using which leadership style do leaders state the problem but immediately consult with group members and then offer their support while the group determines the best thing to do?

a. telling

b. selling

c. delegating

d. participating

A leader will help the group process by all of the following EXCEPT _____.

a. raising questions

b. focusing on answers

c. delegating responsibility

d. discouraging social interaction

A leader's vision does all of the following EXCEPT_____.

a. motivate

b. create tension

c. increase support

d. offer a specific agenda

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a way for obtaining consensus?

a. take a break

b. delay in taking a vote

c. work out differences

d. insist that agreement must be the result

Which aspect of public speaking is the most structured of all communication?

a. channel

b. message

c. feedback

d. sender-receivers

The most import consideration in choosing a topic is to find a subject that:

a. is current

b. interests you

c. will hold attention

d. has never been given before

The first place to look for a topic is:

a. on the internet

b. within yourself

c. in current magazines

d. in your discussions with others

A general rule of speeches is that the broader the topic, the more _____ the speech.

a. memorable

b. superficial

c. persuasive

d. creative

After you have selected a topic for your speech, the next step is to decide on your _____.

a. central idea

b. general purpose

c. specific purpose

d. form of communication

To state the main thrust of a speech would be to state its _____.

a. central idea

b. general purpose

c. specific purpose

d. form of communication

Which of the following choices was NOT mentioned as one likely to make you strategically flexible in audience analysis?

a. Do your homework.

b. Choose your target audience.

c. Continue to analyze your audience even after you begin speaking

d. Organize and outline your information only as you appear before your listeners in order to remain spontaneous and flexible

The best way to do a detailed analysis of factual information regarding audience members is through _____.

a. surveys

b. interviews

c. polls

d. demographics

Time of the day, length of speech, and place where the speech is to be delivered relate most closely to which aspect of analysis?

a. occasion

b. group affiliation

c. geographic location

d. audience demographics

The time frame for your speech refers to _____.

a. the time of day your speech will be delivered

b. the length of time planned for your speech

c. the events leading up to your speech

d. the events planned to follow your speech

Which category of gathering information includes groups, mailing lists, news groups, live chat groups, and Web forums?

a. interviews

b. observation

c. using the library

d. computer databases

When you search for the educational background, past writings, or experience in a particular area of a sponsor of a Web page to ensure that you are gathering material of high quality, you are using the criteria of _____.

a. validity

b. authority

c. reliability

d. objectivity

Every speech you put together should have which of the following for the main content of your speech?

a. contrast

b. examples

c. elaborate definitions

d. supporting material

To show a particularly questioning audience that a speaker has done her homework, the speaker would most likely use _____.

a. statistics

b. examples

c. narratives

d. hypotheticals

When a speaker cites a prominent or admired person and quotes him or her directly, the speaker is making use of _____.

a. examples

b. testimony

c. narratives

d. personal experience

Which of the following is NOT one of the principles of organization?

a. Phrase all points in full sentences

b. Give all points a parallel structure

c. Reveal all points in both the introduction and conclusion

d. Relate all points to your specific purpose and central idea

How many main points should most classroom speeches have?

a. Seven to ten

b. Five to seven

c. Ten to fifteen

d. Not more than four or five

The organizational pattern you select for your speech will mostly affect the speech's _____.

a. intoduction

b. body

c. conclusion

d. purpose

An arrangement pattern that goes from left to right or top to bottom is called _____.

a. time order

b. spatial order

c. topical order

d. cause-and-effect order

The arrangement pattern in which speakers divide their speech into why something is happens and what impact it has is called _____.

a. topical order

b. cause-and-effect order

c. problem-solution oder

d. motivated sequence

Which organizational pattern is most appropriate for a persuasive speech?

a. topical order

b. cause-and-effect order

c. problem-solution oder

d. spatial order

A speaker using the pattern that divides the speech into two sections in which one deals with the problem and the other deals with the solution is called _____.

a. topical order

b. spatial order

c. cause-and-effect order

d. problem-solution order

If your speech is about four types of aerobic exercise, which of the following patterns or organization would you use?

a. topical order

b. cause-and-effect order

c. problem-solution oder

d. motivated sequence

Which of the following parts of a speech are often NOT outlined?

a. body

b. main and minor points

c. introduction and conclusion

d. supporting material and transitions

The most important material in an outline is always the closest to the _____.

a. top of the outline

b. left hand margin

c. right-hand marjin

d. bottom of the outline

Keyword outlines:

a. are complete maps of speeches

b. include full sentences of ideas

c. give the important words and phrases

d. are useful to you when planning and developing a speech because they reveal major weaknesses in outline structure, idea support, and idea flow

The purpose of initial partition in the introduction of a speech is to:

a. get the audience's attention

b. establish the speaker's credibility

c. preview the main points of the speech

d. increase suspense about the nature of the speech

If in doubt about whether or not to use a transition in a speech:

a. use it

b. avoid it

c. make it as short as possibled

d. like every major and minor point in your speech

A reference list at the end of the outline should include all material _____.

a. avaiable

b. on the Internent on this topic

c. used in preparing the speech

d. relevant to the topic of the speech

Which of the following was NOT offered as a recommendation regarding the reference list?

a. Adopt a style and be consistent

b. keep careful notes along the way

c. Allow your reference list to be your key to gaining audience credibility

d. let your reference list help you make certain that a wide range of sources is represented

Nervousness is:

a. unnatural

b. a rare phenomenon

c. something to be eliminated

d. experiences by almost all communicators

Which of the following was NOT one of the four things the text suggests you remember when coping with public-speaking anxiety?

a. nerves should be your enemy

b. Experienced speakers get nervous

c. play the role of a secure, confident speaker

d. you are the only one who knows how nervous you are

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of a performance orientation?

a. formal talk

b. unfamiliar circumstance

c. share ideas with an audience

d. must follow proper behavior to be correct

Which of the following is NOT part of developing a conversational tone?

a. being causal

b. using contractions such as don't and can't

c. imagining giving the speech to someone you know

d. using an outline rather than writing out the speech work for word

The kind of speaking tone most desirable in public-speaking situations is _____.

a. dramatic

b. commanding

c. conversational

d. casual

When there is little time for speech preparation, the delivery type is _____.

a. impromtu

b. manuscript

c. memorized

d. extemporaneous

One goal of speakers using the manuscript style must make their speech sound _____.

a. stylistic

b. exactly worded

c. unorganized

d. spontaneous and natural

For the beginning speaker, which style of delivery is the best?

a. impromptu

b. manuscrpit

c. memorized

d. extemporaneous

Movement during a speech should be _____.

a. spontaneous

b. distracting

c. coordinated with your speech

d. completely avoided

Eye contact behavior varies according to:

a. the intensity of the message

b. the environment in which we learned it

c. a special formula that combines speaker, message, and audience

d. the type of delivery the speaker uses

Volume is how loud you speak. In most public-speaking situation you should:

a. yell or should

b. speak at a normal level

c. speak softer than normal

d. speak in a louder voice than you feel comfortable with

Which of the following is the vocal characteristic uses to emphasize certain words and phrases?

a. pace

b. pitch

c. inflection

d. enunciation

What is the difference between articulation and pronunciation?

a. Articulation is based on habits; pronunciation is a learned skill.

b. Articulation is pronouncing letters; pronunciation is pronouncing whole words.

c. Pronunciation is pronouncing letters; articulation is pronouncing whole words.

d. pronunciation has to do with sound substation, omission of sounds, and slurring; articulation has to do with expression

Which of the following is the essential question to ask in deterring the type of visual support to use in a speech?

a. What's available?

b. What will be easier?

c. What will best illustrate the topic?

d. What can best be seen by everyone in the audience?

The most important guideline for the successful use of PowerPoint is to:

a. treat it as an ad

b. use it only for creative multimedia

c. try to use all caps in whatever typeface is chosen

d. use a variety of colors and formats to hold attention

An informative speech should be designed to:

a. lead people to action

b. entertain the audience

c. increase understanding

d. change people's beliefs

If you are trying to explain a principle that might be unfamiliar to your audience, the best supporting material would probably be _____.

a. facts

b. quotations

c. illustrations and example

d. technical or specialized vocabulary

A speech that focus on what has happened, is happening, or will happen is a speech on _____.

a. events

b. objects

c. concepts

d. processes

The kind of definition that shows how something performs or can be used is called _____.

a. example

b. function

c. etymology

d. comparison

When conducting a question-and-answer session following a speech, a speaker should do all of the following EXCEPT _____.

a. keep answers brief and to the point

b. listen to the question before answering it

c. ask questions to understand a confusing question

d. use it as an opportunity to share important points not covered in the speech

Which of the following refers to the process that occurs when a communicator influences the values, beliefs, attitudes, or behaviors of another person?

a. influence

b. motivation

c. persuasion

d. argumentation

Predispositions to respond favorably or unfavorably toward a person, subject, or situation are labeled _____.

a. needs

b. values

c. beliefs

d. attitudes

Concerning the strategies suggested for persuasive speakers, which of the following is correct?

a. use one strategy only

b. use all the available strategies

c. use no more than two at a time

d. use only the strategies that you have planned ahead of time

Moving from the general (like a conclusion) to the specifics (like supporting ideas for the conclusion) is called _____.

a. reasoning by analogy

b. casual reasoning

c. inductive thinking

d. deductive thinking

When you compare two similar cases and conclude that if something is true for one it must also be true for the other, you are using _____.

a. reasoning by analogy

b. casual reasoning

c. inductive thinking

d. deductive thinking

The most basic needs, acceding to Maslow, are _____ needs.

a. safety

b. self-esteem

c. physiollogical

d. belongingness and low

When speakers demonstrate genuine enthusiasm and energy for the subjects, they are holding competence through _____.

a. caring

b. character

c. dynamism

d. commitment

Questions of _____ deal with whether or not something is true or false?

a. fact

b. value

c. policy

d. discussion

in all cases, persuaders should present both sides of an argument in their speeches. Which of the following accurately evaluates this statement?

a. This statement is always true.

b. If listeners basically support your ideas, one side may be sufficient, thus, the statement is not always true

c. If listeners are hostile (opposed) to your ideas, then only one side should be provided; thus, the statement above is not always true

d. If listeners have at least a high school education, then only one side should be provided; thus, the statement above is not always true

In which step on the motivated sequence do speakers offer listeners their solution?

a. need

b. action

c. satisfaction

d. visualization