Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function: Chapter 20 Blood Vessels and Circulation Flashcards

Postcapillary venules are the smallest type of

A small artery that empties into a capillary is called an _____

The three basic types of blood vessels are

List the branches of the aortic arch listing the most proximal branch first and the most distal branch last

Arteries are blood vessels that carry blood ___ the heart

The narrowest type of vessel in the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems that engages in fluid exchanges with surrounding tissues is called _____

Molecules spontaneously move down their concentration gradient during

______ are microscopic, thin-walled vessels that connect the smallest arteries to the smallest veins

Describe the flow of a blood cell through the pulmonary circuit from the right ventricle

Which of these arteries, that branch from the thoracic aorta, directly supply blood to the muscles, bones, and skin of the chest wall?

The vessels that carry blood back to the heart are called

Capillaries are organized into networks called

The accumulation of excess fluid in a tissue is ____

Which of the following can easily diffuse through the plasma membrane?

List the following vessels in order of those that have the highest blood pressure to those that have the lowest blood pressure

Identify the three primary branches the celiac trunk

The outermost layer of the blood vessel is the tunica ____

Name the condition that is caused by a sudden death of brain tissue by ischemia

List the principal regions of the aorta in order of blood flow from the heart

Which of these arteries, that branch from the thoracic aorta, directly supply blood to the viscera of the thorax?

The smallest resistance arteries are called _____

Rank the arteries of the upper limb from proximal to distal

Which of the following are examples of sensory structures located inside arterial walls?

The common iliac arteries supply blood to the

A chemical that _____ urine output is called a diuretic

List the arteries in order as they descend and supply blood to the lower limb

Shortly after leaving the aortic arch, the brachiocephalic trunk branches into the

The interosseous arteries of the forearm are located between the bones called the _____ and the _____

The _____ and ____ are drained mainly by three pairs of veins: the internal jugulars, the external jugulars, and the vertebral veins

Identify the tissues that comprise the capillary endothelium

_____ venules receive blood from capillaries

The type of blood vessel regarded as capacitance vessels are _____

List the arteries, in order, that a RBC must travel to get from the left ventricle to the tongue

Which of the following are functions of vasoreflexes?

The "salt-retaining hormone" _____, primarily promotes sodium retention by the kidneys

The superior vena cava is formed by the union of the two _____ veins

The function of sensory receptors located in major arteries is to

Transient ischemic attacks are characterized by

A ____ is the sudden death (infarction) of brain tissue caused by ischemia

Systolic pressure is the arterial blood pressure attained during

The growth of new blood vessels is called

Chemicals given off by the systemic capillary blood to the pervascular tissues often include

Name the vein that is formed by the union of the brachial and basilic veins

Blood travels to all tissues and organs of the body in the

List the order of veins as blood would flow from the foot to the inferior vena cava

As blood flows through vessels, it encounters forces, caused by several factors, that impede its movement. This opposition to blood flow is called peripheral ___

Rank the type of veins from smallest to largest

_____ is a process in which endothelial cells pick up material on one side of the plasma membrane by pinocytosis or receptor-mediated endocytosis, transport the vesicles across the cell, and discharge the material on the other side by exocytosis

An organ or cell specialized to detect a chemical is a _____

Name the branch of the external carotid artery that supplies blood to the teeth, maxilla oral cavity, and external ear

_____ venules receive blood from the postcapillary venules

A _____ is a weak, bulging sack that pulsates with each beat of the heart and may eventually rupture

Veins have ____ that ensure the one way flow of blood

Trace the pathway of blood from the heart to the forehead

Among arteries and veins, the tunica _____ is usually the thickest

A general insufficient blood flow to a tissue is called ______

Hemodynamics are based mainly on

List in order from superior to inferior, the arteries that branch off of the abdominal aorta

Short vessels that link arterioles and capillaries are called

Hydrostatic pressure forces a fluid through a selectively permeable membrane during

The femoral artery descends on the medial side of the femur giving rise to the following three arteries

What is the longest vein in the body?

Also known as large or elastic arteries, ______ arteries are classified as the largest

_____ pressure is the minimum arterial blood pressure occurring during the ventricular relaxation between heartbeats

The basal lamina is the non-cellular, proteinacious material that surrounds the capillary _____ cells and separates it from adjacent connective tissue

A ____ is an autonomic, negative feedback response to changes in blood pressure

Name the mechanism that describes the ability of a tissue to adjust its own blood supply through vasomotion or angiogenesis

Blood colloid osmotic pressure (COP) is primarily determined by which protein?

Lower blood pressure during pulmonary circulation is ideal because

Vasodilation occurs due to _____ of the tunica media and the outward pressure of the blood exerted against the wall

An excess of carbon dioxide in the blood is known as

The tunica ____ lines the inside of the vessel and is exposed to the blood

Regarding vessel diameter, widespread _____ raises the blood pressure, while widespread _____ lowers it

The most prominent veins which carry blood from the shoulder region back to the heart are the

Degenerative changes of blood vessels characterized by the presence of atheromas and often leading to calcification of the vessel wall is known as

In the coronary blood vessels, _____ and ______ bind to B-adrenergic receptors an cause vasodilation

The nucleus in the medulla oblongata that transmits efferent signals to the blood vessels and regulates vasomotion is known as the _____ center

Blood pressure is determined by which three variables?

A collateral route of blood supplied to a tissues is called an

The cerebral arterial circle (circle of Willis) supplies blood to the

The thorax receives blood from several arteries which arise directly from the

A deficiency of oxygen in any tissue is known as

If a thrombus blocked blood flow deep in the brachial artery, blood could still reach the forearm via the

They physical force exerted by a liquid against a surface such as a capillary wall is called ________ pressure

The left common carotid artery branches off of the

The visceral branches of the thoracic aorta include

All of the following are arterial pressure points that are easily palpated EXCEPT

________ are irregular blood-filled spaces in the liver, bone marrow, spleen, and some organs

Vasoconstriction primarily results from contraction of the tunica

All forms of circulatory shock fall into two categories

The difference between systolic and diastolic pressure is called _____ pressure

Which of the following are vasoactive chemicals?

The flow of blood back to the heart is called

The feedback response to blood chemistry changes is called a