A&P I Chapters 6,7,8 Flashcards

The growth pattern of bone in which matrix is laid down on the surface.

The area of long bones where cartilage cells are replaced by bone cells.

The appearance of this structure signals the end of bone growth.

Area where bone longitudinal growth takes place

Epiphyseal plate

Bones are porous and thin but bone composition is normal.

Bone formed is poorly mineralized and soft. Deforms on weight bearing.

Abnormal bone formation and reabsorption.

Which of the following glands or organs produces hormones that tend to decrease blood calcium levels?

Bones are constantly undergoing resorption for various reasons. Which of the following cells accomplishes this process?

What is absolutely required for bone growth or healing from a fracture?

An incomplete fracture or cracking of the bone without actual separation of the parts.
Common in children.

Bone fragments into many pieces.

Common sports fracture resulting from a twisting force.

All bones stop growing by the end of adolescence

Osteogenesis is the process of ________.

In the epiphyseal plate, cartilage grows ________.

For intramembranous ossification to take place, which of the following is necessary?

Bones are classified by whether they are weight bearing or protective in function.

Cells that can dissolve the bony matrix

Layers of bone matrix

Small channels that radiate through the matrix of bone

Cells that can build bony matrix

Which of the following is a bone marking name that indicates an armlike bar of bone?

The structure of bone tissue suits the function. Which of the following bone tissues is adapted to support weight and withstand tension stress?

Yellow bone marrow contains a large percentage of ________.

A fracture in the shaft of a bone would be a break in the ________.

What is the structural unit of compact bone?

The periosteum is secured to the underlying bone by dense connective tissue called ________.

The term osteoid refers to the organic part of the matrix of compact bones.

An osteon contains osteocytes, lamellae, and a central canal, and is found in compact bone only

Which of the following is the single most important stimulus for epiphyseal plate activity during infancy and childhood?

The process of bones increasing in width is known as ________.

What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?

What can a deficiency of growth hormone during bone formation cause?

Lengthwise, long bone growth during infancy and youth is exclusively through ________.

After having a severe cold accompanied by nasal congestion, Jamila complained that she had a headache just above her eyes and that the right side of her face ached. What specific bony structures probably became infected by the bacteria or viruses causing the cold?

The ethmoid bone is composed of all of the following except the _______

The suture that connects the two parietal bones together is the ________.

Which bone acts as a moveable base for the tongue?

What is the major function of the axial skeleton?

The membranous areas between the cranial bones of the fetal skull are called ________.

Body weight is carried primarily by the talus and calcaneus.

The fibula is the major weight-bearing bone of the leg.

The ischium articulates with both the ilium and the pubis.

The pelvic girdle does not include the ________.

Which forms the largest portion of the coxal bone?

In the anatomical position, the lateral forearm bone is the radius

Which bone contains areas of diaphysis and epiphysis areas, a tuberosity near its middle, and is proportionally more compact than spongy bone?

The layman's name for the scapula is the collarbone.

The term vertebrochondral ribs refers to ribs that attach to each other before they attach to the sternum

Costal cartilages join most ribs to the sternum.

All vertebrae possess a body, a spine, and transverse foramina.

Lordosis only occurs in pregnant women.

There are seven cervical, twelve thoracic, and five lumbar vertebrae.

Which of the following is not a movement that can occur between vertebrae?

How are thoracic vertebrae 11 and 12 different from the other vertebrae?

Thoracic vertebrae differ from the other vertebrae in that they have ________.

Which part of the vertebral column receives the most stress by bearing most of the weight of the body?

What is the major function of the intervertebral discs?

Which of the following is an abnormal lateral curvature of the vertebral column often seen in the thoracic region?

Which vertebra does not have a body?

Which part of the ethmoid bone forms the superior part of the nasal septum?

The superior orbital fissure is formed in the sphenoid bone, whereas the inferior orbital fissure is formed between the sphenoid and ________.

Which bone forms the prominence of the cheek?

All of the bones of the adult skull, except the mandible, are united by sutures and are therefore immovable.

The vomer forms part of the nasal septum

The largest and strongest bone of the face is the maxilla.

The temporal bone connects to the zygomatic bone via the temporal process of the temporal bone.

Articulations permitting only slight degrees of movement are ________

In the classification of joints, which of the following is true?

The amount of movement permitted by a particular joint is the basis for the functional classification of joints.

All joints permit some degree of movement, even if very slight.

A fibrous joint that is a peg-in-socket is called a ________ joint.

Fibrous joints are classified as ________.

A joint united by dense fibrocartilaginous tissue that usually permits a slight degree of movement is a ________.

Symphyses are synarthrotic joints designed for strength with flexibility.

Connective tissue sacs lined with synovial membranes that act as cushions in places where friction develops are called ________.

The gliding motion of the wrist uses ________ joints.

A nurse is instructing the patient care assistants (PCAs) on transfer techniques. For patients needing to be slid toward the head of the bed, the nurse tells the PCAs use a draw sheet under the patient's torso. She tells them to avoid pulling on their hands or arms. Based on your knowledge of the shoulder joint, explain why pulling on the extremities should be avoided.

Pronation is a much stronger movement than supination

Moving a limb so that it describes a cone in space is called circumduction.

Supination is the movement of the forearm in which the palm of the hand is turned from posterior to anterior..

Presence of a synovial cavity, articular cartilage, synovial membrane, and ligaments are characteristics of what type of joint?

Which of the following movements does not increase or decrease the angle between bones?

Which of the following are cartilaginous joints?

Maggie is a 28-year-old Caucasian woman who has newly diagnosed rheumatoid arthritis (RA). She complains of painful, stiff hands and feet, feeling tired all the time, and reports an intermittent low-grade fever. She asks the nurse if she is going to be "crippled." How should the nurse respond?

A person who has been diagnosed with a sprained ankle has an injury to the ligaments that attach to that joint.

Bending of the tip of the finger exhibits flexion.

Synovial fluid contains phagocytic cells that protect the cavity from invasion by microbes or other debris

Pronation is a much stronger movement than supination

Moving a limb so that it describes a cone in space is called circumduction.

Bending your head back until it hurts is an example of ________

Synovial fluid is present in joint cavities of freely movable joints. Which of the following statements is true about this fluid?

What is moving a limb away from the median plane of the body along the frontal plane called?

The hip joint is a good example of a(n) ________ synovial joint.

Compared to the shoulder, displacements of the hip joints are ________.

Football players often sustain lateral blows to the extended knee. Which of the ligaments is (are) damaged as a result?

Tendon sheaths ________.

Which of the following is not a part of the synovial joint?

The only movement allowed between the first two cervical vertebrae is flexion.

Movement at the hip joint does not have as wide a range of motion as at the shoulder joint

Flexion of the ankle so that the superior aspect of the foot approaches the shin is called dorsiflexion.

Farhad begins typing his term paper on his new computer early one morning. After 8 hours of typing, he notices that his wrists are stiff and very sore. The next morning, Farhad begins to finish his paper, but soon finds his wrists hurt worse than last night. What is wrong?