HUMAN BRAIN- RIGHT LATERAL VIEW -(A - E)
A = POSTCENTRAL GYRUS
B = PARIETAL LOBE
C = PARIETO-OCCIPITAL SULCUS
D = OCCIPITAL LOBE
E = CEREBELLUM
HUMAN BRAIN- RIGHT LATERAL VIEW -(F - L)
F = PRECENTRAL GYRUS
G = CENTRAL SULCUS
H = FRONTAL LOBE
I = LATERAL SULCUS
J = TEMPORAL LOBE
K = PONS
L = MEDULLA
IN WHICH OF THE CEREBRAL LOBES ARE THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONAL AREAS FOUND?
AUDITORY CORTEX
TEMPORAL LOBE
IN WHICH OF THE CEREBRAL LOBES ARE THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONAL AREAS FOUND?
PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX
FRONTAL LOBE
IN WHICH OF THE CEREBRAL LOBES ARE THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONAL AREAS FOUND?
PRIMARY SENSORY CORTEX
PARIETAL LOBE
IN WHICH OF THE CEREBRAL LOBES ARE THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONAL AREAS FOUND?
OLFACTORY CORTEX
TEMPORAL LOBE
IN WHICH OF THE CEREBRAL LOBES ARE THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONAL AREAS FOUND?
VISUAL CORTEX
OCCIPITAL LOBE
IN WHICH OF THE CEREBRAL LOBES ARE THE FOLLOWING FUNCTIONAL AREAS FOUND?
BROCA'S AREA
FRONTAL LOBE
WHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STRUCTURES ARE NOT PART OF THE BRAIN STEM?
CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, PONS, MIDBRAIN, CEREBELLUM, MEDULLA, DIENCEPHALON
CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES, CEREBELLUM, DIENCEPHALON
AN _______ IS A ELEVATED RIDGE OF CEREBRAL TISSUE.
GYRUS
THE CONVOLUTIONS SEEN IN THE CEREBRUM ARE IMPORTANT BECAUSE THEY INCREASE THE _______.
SURFACE AREA
GRAY MATTER IS COMPOSED OF ______.
NEURON CELL BODIES
WHITE MATTER IS COMPOSED OF ______.
AXONS
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A FIBER TRACT THAT PROVIDES FOR COMMUNICATION BETWEEN DIFFERENT PARTS OF THE SAME CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE IS CALLED A(N)______, WHEREAS ONE THAT CARRIES IMPULSES FROM THE CEREBRUM TO LOWER CNS AREAS IS CALLED A(N) __________ TRACT.
ASSOCIATION TRACT; PROJECTION TRACT
THE LENTIFORM NUCLEUS ALONE WITH THE CAUDATE NUCLEI ARE COLLECTIVELY CALLED THE _______.
BASAL NUCLEI
(1-9) SAGITTAL VIEW OF THE HUMAN BRAIN STEM AND DIENCEPHALON
1. (SMALL PART OF) CEREBRAL HEMISPHERE
2. CORPUS CALLOSUM
3. SEPTUM PELLUCIDUM
4. FORNIX
5. INTERMEDIATE MASS
6. HYPOTHALAMUS
7. OPTIC CHIASMA
8. MAMMILLARY BODIES
9. PITUITARY GLAND
(10-19) SAGITTAL VIEW OF THE HUMAN BRAIN STEM AND DIENCEPHALON
10. CHOROID PLEXUS
11. THALAMUS
12. PINEAL GLAND
13. CORPORA QUADRIGEMINA
14. CEREBRAL PEDUNCLE
15. CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT
16. FOURTH VENTRICLE
17. PONS
18. CEREBELLUM
19. MEDULLA OBLONGATA
SITE OF REGULATION OF BODY TEMPERATURE AND WATER BALANCE; MOST IMPORTANT AUTONOMIC CENTER
HYPOTHALAMUS
CONSCIOUSNESS DEPENDS ON THE FUNCTION OF THIS PART OF THE BRAIN
CHOROID PLEXUS
LOCATED IN THE MIDBRAIN; CONTAINS REFLEX CONTERS FOR VISION AND AUDITION
CORPORA QUADRIGEMINA
RESPONSIBLE FOR REGULATION OF POSTURE AND COORDINATION OF COMPLEX MUSCULAR MOVEMENTS
CEREBELLUM
IMPORTANT SYNAPSE SITE FOR AFFERENT FIBERS TRAVELING TO THE SENSORY CORTEX
THALAMUS
CONTAINS AUTONOMIC CENTERS REGULATING BLOOD PRESSURE, HEART RATE, AND RESPIRATORY RHYTHM, AS WELL AS COUGHING, SNEEZING, AND SWALLOWING CENTERS
MEDULLA OBLONGATA
LARGE COMMISSURE CONNECTING THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES
CORPUS CALLOSUM
FIBER TRACT INVOLVED WITH OLFACTION
FORNIX
CONNECTS THE THRID AND FOURTH VENTRICLES
CEREBRAL AQUEDUCT
ENCLOSES THE THIRD VENTRICLE
THALAMUS
EMBRYOLOGICALLY, THE BRAIN ARISES FROM THE ROSTRAL END OF A TUBELIKE STRUCTURE THAT QUICKLY BECOMES DIVIDED INTO THREE MAJOR REGIONS. GROUP OF STRUCTURES THAT DEVELOP FROM THE EMBRYONIC BRAIN ARE LISTED BELOW. DESIGNATE THE EMBRYONIC ORIGIN:
THE DIENCEPHALON, INCLUDING THE THALAMUS, OPTIC CHIASMA, AND HYPOTHALAMUS
FORBRAIN
EMBRYOLOGICALLY, THE BRAIN ARISES FROM THE ROSTRAL END OF A TUBELIKE STRUCTURE THAT QUICKLY BECOMES DIVIDED INTO THREE MAJOR REGIONS. GROUP OF STRUCTURES THAT DEVELOP FROM THE EMBRYONIC BRAIN ARE LISTED BELOW. DESIGNATE THE EMBRYONIC ORIGIN:
THE MEDULLA, PONS, AND CEREBELLUM
HINDBRAIN
EMBRYOLOGICALLY, THE BRAIN ARISES FROM THE ROSTRAL END OF A TUBELIKE STRUCTURE THAT QUICKLY BECOMES DIVIDED INTO THREE MAJOR REGIONS. GROUP OF STRUCTURES THAT DEVELOP FROM THE EMBRYONIC BRAIN ARE LISTED BELOW. DESIGNATE THE EMBRYONIC ORIGIN:
THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES
FOREBRAIN
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE BASAL GANGLIA?
CONTROLLING VOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS AND ESTABLISHING POSTURES.
WHAT IS THE CORPUS STRIATUM, AND HOW IS IT RELATED TO THE FIBERS OF THE INTERNAL CAPSULE?
FIBERS OF THE INTERNAL CAPSULE PASS THROUGH THE DIENCEPHALON AND BASAL NUCLEI, GIVES THEM STRIPED APPEARANCE. THEREFORE, THEY ARE RELATED AND REFFERED TO AS CORPUS STRIATUM (STRIPED BODY).
A BRAIN HEMORRHAGE WITHIN THE REGION OF THE RIGHT INTERNAL CAPSULE RESULTS IN PARALYSIS OF THE LEFT SIDE OF THE BODY. EXPLAIN WHY THE LEFT SIDE (RATHER THEN THE RIGHT SIDE) IS AFFECTED.
FIBERS CROSS TO THE OPPOSITE SIDE OF THE BRAIN THROUGH THE MEDULLA OBLONGATA.
EXPLAIN WHY TRAUMA TO THE BASE OF THE BRAIN IS OFTEN MUCH MORE DANGEROUS THEN TRAUMA TO THE FRONTAL LOBE. (HINT: THINK ABOUT THE RELATIVE FUNCTIONING OF THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES AND THE BRAIN STEM STRUCTURES. WHICH CONTAIN CENTERS MORE VITAL TO LIFE?)
THE BASE OF THE BRAIN IS MORE DANGEROUS THEN TRAUMA TO FRONTAL LOBES BECAUSE IT CONTAINS THE CENTERS MORE VITAL TO LIFE SUCH AS, RESPIRATORY, CARDIAC, AND VASOMOTOR CENTERS.
IN "SPLIT BRAIN" EXPERIMENTS, THE MAIN COMMISSURE CONNECTING THE CEREBRAL HEMISPHERES IS CUT. FIRST, NAME THE COMMISSURE.
CORPUS CALLOSUM
DESCRIBE WHAT RESULTS (IN TERMS OF BEHAVIOR) CAN BE ANTICIPATED IN SUCH EXPERIMENTS. "SPLIT BRAIN"
PERSON WILL BE UNABLE TO VOCALLY NAME WHAT THEY ARE/HAVE SEEN. A PERSON'S MEMORY IS GENERALLY LOWER THEN NORMAL. CONTROL AND MEMORY CAN BE AFFECTED BY THE SPLIT BRAIN EXAMPLES: MATHEMATICS AND SPEECH CAN BE AFFECTED, LOSS OF DREAMS, CAN BECOME MUTE, AND CANT CONTROL LEFT SIDE OF BODY.
OUTERMOST MENINX COVERING THE BRAIN; COMPOSED OF TOUGH FIBEROUS CONNECTIVE TISSUE
DURA MATER
INNERMOST MENINX COVERING THE BRAIN; DELICATE AND HIGHLY VASCULAR
PIA MATER
STRUCTURES INSTRUMENTAL IN RETURNING CEREBROSPINAL FLUID TO THE VENOUS BLOOD IN THE DURAL SINUSES
ARACHNOID VILLI
STRUCTURE THAT FORMS THE CEREBROSPINAL FLUID
CHOROID PLEXUS
MIDDLE MENINX; LIKE A COBWEB IN STRUCTURE
ARACHNOID MATER
ITS OUTER LAYER FORMS THE PERIOSTEUM OF THE SKULL
DURA MATER
A DURAL FOLD THAT ATTACHES THE CEREBRUM TO THE CRISTA GALLI OF THE SKULL
FALX CEREBRI
LABEL THE STRUCTURES INVOLVED WITH CIRCULATION OF CEREBROSPINAL FLUID ON THE ACCOMPANYING DIAGRAM.
A DURAL FOLD SEPARATING THE CEREBRUM FROM THE CEREBELLUM
TENTORIUM CEREBELLI
CORRECTLY IDENTIFY ALL STRUCTURES INDICATED BY LEADER LINES ON THE DIAGRAM
CEREBROSPINAL FLUID FLOWS FROM THE FOURTH VENTRICLE INTO THE CENTRAL CANAL OF THE SPINAL CORD AND THE ____1____ SPACE SURROUNDING THE BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD. FROM THIS SPACE IT DRAINS THROUGH THE ___2___ INTO THE ___3___.
1. SUBARACHNOID SPACE
2. ARACHNOID VILLI
3. DURAL SINUSES
ROTATING THE HEAD
CRANIAL NERVE XI (ACCESORY)
SMELLING A FLOWER
CRANIAL NERVE I (OLFACTORY)
RAISING THE EYELIDS; PUPILLARY CONSTRICTION
CRANIAL NERVES III (OCULOMOTOR) AND X (VAGUS)
SLOWING THE HEART, INCREASING MOTILITY OF THE DIGESTIVE TRACT
CRANIAL NERVE X (VAGUS)
INVOLVED IN BELL'S PALSY (FACIAL PARALYSIS)
CRANIAL NERVE VII (FACIAL)
CHEWING FOOD
CRANIAL NERVE V (TRIGEMINAL)
LISTENING TO MUSIC; SEASICKNESS
CRANIAL NERVE VIII (VESTIBULOCOHLEAR)
SECRETION OF SALIVA; TASTING WELL-SEASONED FOOD
CRANIAL NERVE VII (FACIAL)
INVOLVED IN "ROLLING" THE EYES (THREE NERVES PROVIDE NUMBERS ONLY)
CRANIAL NERVES III, IV, VI
FEELING A TOOTHACHE
CRANIAL NERVE V (TRIGEMINAL)
READING THE NEWSPAPER
CRANIAL NERVE II (OPTIC)
PURELY SENSORY IN FUNCTION (THREE NERVES, NUMBERS ONLY)
CRANIAL NERVES I, II, VIII