Human Anatomy & Physiology: Chapter 4 Connective Tissues Flashcards

True or False
Connective tissues are the most abundant and widely distributed of the primary tissues.

True or False
The amount of connective tissue in each organ is the same.

True or False
Skin is primarily connective tissue, but the brain is very little.

What are the four main classes of connective tissue?

The connective tissue does more than connect, it also is responsible for:

Connective tissues share three things that set them apart from primary tissue:

What is Mesenchyme?

What are the three main structural elements of connective tissue?

Ground substance + Fibers = __________

True or False
Connective tissues can be soft and used as packing material for organs.

True or False
Connective tissue can be tough and ropelike, like tendons and ligaments.

True or False
No two types of connective tissue have a common structural plan.

What is unstructured material that fills the space between the cells and contains the fibers?

A ground substance is composed of:

_______________, such as fibronectin and laminin serve mainly as a connective tissue glue that connects the connective tissue cells to the matrix elements.

__________ is the protein core where capital GAG's are attatched.

What are the large negatively charged polysaccharides that stick out from the core protein like a brush?

The ________ the GAG content, the ________ viscous the ground substances.

The __________ of connective tissues provides support.

Three types of fibers in the matrix:

Contains a rubberlike protein called elastin, which allows them to stretch and recoil.

Extremely strong, stronger than steel fibers.

True or False
Elastic fibers allow the collagen fibers to stretch.

What fibers are useful in lungs, skin, and blood vessel walls?

What forms a lot of delicate networks that surround small blood vessels and support the soft tissue of organs?

The major class of connective tissue has a resident cell type that exists in ________ and ________ forms.

Immature cells are indicated by the suffix __________.

________ are actively mytotic cells that secrete the ground substance and the fibers for their particular matrix.

The primary blast cell types by connective tissue class are:
1. Connective tissue proper; ________
2. Cartilage; ________
3. Bone; ________
4. Blood; ________

Once they synthesize the matrix, the blast cells assume their __________ mode.

Immature cells are indicated by the suffix __________.

________ maintains the health of the matrix.

Connective tissue is home to an assortment of other cell types, such as;

Chemicals that mediate inflammation, especially in severe allergies are ________, ________, and ________.

All classes of connective tissue consist of living cells surrounded by a ________.

Connective tissue proper has two sub-classes. What are they?

All mature connective tissues are connective tissue proper except ________, ________, and ________.

What are the three forms of loose connective tissues?

The three forms of dense connective tissues are:

Supporting and binding other tissues
Holding body fluids
Defending against infection
Storing nutrients as fat

These are all functions of the ________ connective tissue.

________ are flat branching cells that appear spindle shaped in profile.

When a body region is inflamed the areola sucks up extra fluid and the affected area swells and becomes puffy. This is called ________.

The most widely distributed connective tissue in the body is the ________.

________ is similar to areolar connective tissues, but it's nutrient storing ability is greater.

True or False
Water accounts for 90% of an adipose tissue's mass.

Adipose tissue can be called white adipose tissue, or ________
or brown adipose tissue, or ________.

White fat stores ________.
Brown fat is used to ________ the body.

________ resembles areolar connective tissue, but it only contains reticular fibers.

________ cells are scattered along fibroblasts.

Reticular tissues form a labrynth-like ________ or internal framework.

The three varieties of dense connective tissue are:

Dense connective tissues are often called ________ connective tissues.

________ contains densely packed bundles of collagen fibers running in the same direction.

True or False
Collagen fibers are straight and can be stretched out.

Cords that attach muscles to bones are called ________ which are formed by ________.

Flat, sheet-like tendons are called ________.

________ bind bones together at joints.

Tendons aponeuroses and ligaments are formed from ________ connective tissues.

Dense regular connective tissues also form ________ which is a fibrous membrane that wraps around muscles, blood vessels, and nerves, binding them together like plastic sandwich wrap.

________ has the same structural elements as the regular variety, but the bundles of collagen fibers are much thicker and are arranged irregularly.

Dense irregular connective tissue is found in the skin as the leathery ________.

Very stretchy dense regular connective tissue is called ________ connective tissue.

________ stands up to both tension and compression and has qualities between dense connective tissue and bone.

Cartilage lacks ________ and is avascular.

Avascular means it receives its nutrients by __________.

True or False
Cartilage is up to 80% water.

What produces new matrix until the skeleton stops growing at the end of adolescence?

Mature cartilage cells are called:

Cavities where condrocytes are found in groups are called ________.

True or False
Cartilage has the ability to heal quickly.

What happens if cartilage calcifies or ossifies?

What are the three varieties of cartilage?

What is the most abundant cartilage in the body?

What covers the ends of long bones?

During childhood, hyaline cartilage consists as ________, actively growing regions near the ends of long bones.

________ cartilage is almost identical to hyaline cartilage but has more elastic fibers.

Structurally, ________ is between hyaline cartilage and dense regular connective tissue.

Bone is also called ________ tissue.

Bones of the skeleton provide cavities for storing ________ and synthesizing ________.

__________ is what makes bones stronger than cartilage.

________ produced the organic portion of the matrix, and then bone salts are deposited on and between the fibers.

Mature bone cells, or ________, reside in the lacunae.

Closely packed structural units are called ________, formed of concentric rings of bony matrix surrounding central canals containing the blood vessels and nerves serving the bone.

What is the fluid within blood vessels?

What is the most atypical connective tissue?

True or False
Blood connects blood vessel walls to blood cells.

Why is blood classified as a connective tissue?

True or False
The majority of blood cells are red blood cells.

The fibers of blood are ________ protein molecules.