ch. 17, 18, 19 art questions Flashcards

Into which chamber of the heart do the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava, and coronary sinus return deoxygenated blood?

Which chamber of the heart sends oxygenated blood to the aorta to the systemic circuit?

Which chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood via the pulmonary circuit?

Which of the following is a branch of the right coronary artery?

Which artery serves the myocardium of the lateral right side of the heart?

From what vessel do the left and right coronary arteries arise?

What separates the parietal and visceral pericardium?

Which of the following is the outermost covering of the heart?

Which layer of the heart wall contracts and is composed primarily of cardiac muscle tissue?

Which of the following is NOT a vein that returns blood to the right atrium of the heart?

Into what vessel does the left ventricle eject blood?

Into which chamber do the pulmonary veins send blood?

Which statement regarding cardiac muscle structure is accurate?

Consider the following characteristics of the cells found in muscle tissue. Which feature is shared by both cardiac muscle and skeletal muscle?

Which functional feature best describes the manner in which cardiac muscle contracts?

At what rate does the sinoatrial (SA) node ensure depolarization in the heart?

Specifically, what part of the intrinsic conduction system stimulates the atrioventricular (AV) node to conduct impulses to the atrioventricular bundle?

Which of the following pacemaker cells generates impulses of approximately 75 depolarizations per minute in order to control the heart's contraction rate?

Which portion of the electrocardiogram represents the depolarization wave received from the sinoatrial (SA) node through the atria?

Which portion of the electrocardiogram represents the time during which the atria repolarize?

During which portion of the electrocardiogram do the atria contract?

Determine which of the following electrocardiogram (ECG) tracings is missing P waves. Select from letters A-D.

Determine which ECG shows a normal sinus rhythm. Select from letters A-D.

Determine which ECG shows a mostly 2:1 ratio of P waves to QRS waves. Select from letters A-D.

What is the period during the cardiac cycle when the ventricles are completely closed chambers and blood volume in the chambers remains constant as the ventricles contract?

At what point in the cardiac cycle is pressure in the ventricles the highest (around 120 mm Hg)?

How long is the cardiac cycle, assuming the heart beats 75 times per minute?

Which of the following would cause a decrease in the contractility of the heart?

Calculate the stroke volume if the end diastolic volume (EDV) is 135 mL/beat and the end systolic volume (ESV) is 60 mL/beat.

Which of the following increases stroke volume?

Point that represents the "dup" sound made by the heart.

What is hematocrit a measure of?

Which of the following is best suited to the clotting process that occurs when blood vessels are ruptured?

Which event of hemostasis constricts the damaged artery to reduce blood loss? Select from letters A-D.

During which event of hemostasis do clotting factors (procoagulants) assist with the transformation of blood from a liquid to a gel? Select from letters A-D.

What "clot buster" enzyme removes unneeded clots after healing has occurred during fibrinolysis?

When a person has an acute bacterial infection, such as meningitis or appendicitis, which type of leukocyte increases in number?

Which type of leukocyte is responsible for antibody production?

When we take anti-histamines, we are countering the effects of which type of leukocyte?

What do the lymphoid stem cells give rise to?

Which cell of the myeloid stem cell pathway has accumulated granules?

From which cell do the granulocytes descend?

What part of the pathway to produce platelets is shared with other formed elements?

Which formed element can be described as cytoplasmic fragments?

Which of the following is true of the structure of an erythrocyte?

What is the name of the protein found in erythrocytes that allows for respiratory gas transport?

What triggers erythropoietin (EPO) production to make new red blood cells?

Which part of the hemoglobin molecule binds carbon dioxide for transport?

How many oxygen molecules can be transported by one hemoglobin molecule?

When oxygen is bound to hemoglobin, what bright red molecule is formed?

Specifically, what is the production of red blood cells called?

What is a young, anucleate erythrocyte called?

What part of the body does erythropoietin (EPO) target to increase erythropoiesis?

What part of the hemoglobin molecule is recycled to form bile?

What erythrocyte production disorder results from an autoimmune disease associated with vitamin B12 absorption?

What role do the kidneys play in erythropoiesis?

The majority of whole blood is __________.

What does dark red blood indicate?

Which layer of the typical blood vessel is constructed from simple squamous epithelium?

Which layer of the typical vessel can be regulated via vasoconstriction or vasodilation?

What is the outermost layer of the blood vessel wall for an artery or vein?

Which type of vessel contains elastin in all three tunics to allow the vessel to expand and recoil as the heart ejects blood?

What type of vessel has relatively more smooth muscle and less elastic tissue?

What type of vessel has relatively little smooth muscle or elastin in the tunica media, a large lumen (average of 5.0 mm in diameter), and thin walls (average of 0.5 mm)?

Calculate mean arterial pressure (MAP) if systolic blood pressure is 120 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure is 70 mm Hg.

What blood vessel experiences the steepest drop in blood pressure?

What vessels sustain a drop in pressure from approximately 35 mm Hg to around 17 mm Hg?

Which hormone of the indirect renal mechanism promotes sodium reabsorption by the kidneys to increase mean arterial pressure?

Which of the following is NOT one of the four ways in which angiotensin II works to increase arterial blood pressure and extracellular fluid volume?

Which of the following would be interrupted in the indirect renal mechanism if angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is blocked from performing its job?

Which of the following is a metabolic factor that influences blood flow?

Which of the following promotes vasodilation?

Which of the following intrinsic mechanisms (autoregulation) for controlling arteriolar smooth muscle diameter promotes vasoconstriction?

What pressure is responsible for reabsorption and for pulling fluids into the venous end of capillaries?

What is the value for the net filtration pressure (NFP) at the arteriolar end of the capillary?

Assume a person is experiencing a hemorrhage and the HPc has dropped to 23 mm Hg at the arteriole end of the capillary. Calculate net filtration pressure (NFP) at the arteriole end of the capillary.

Which vessel leaves the right ventricle of the heart to take oxygen-poor, dark red blood into pulmonary circulation?

Which vessel(s) return(s) oxygenated blood to the left atrium of the heart to complete the pulmonary circuit?

Which vessel(s) of the pulmonary circuit transport(s) oxygen-rich blood?

From what artery does the right common carotid artery arise?

Which artery branches off the subclavian arteries? Select from letters A-D.

Which vessel sends branches to the thyroid, larynx, tongue, skin, and muscles of the anterior face and posterior scalp? Select from letters A-D.

Which artery branches into the common hepatic artery, splenic artery, and left gastric artery? Select from letters A-D.

Which artery serves the distal part of the large intestine via its left colic, sigmoidal, and superior rectal branches? Select from letters A-D.

Which artery serves nearly all of the small intestine via the intestinal arteries and most of the large intestine via the ileocolic, middle colic, and right colic arteries? Select from letters A-D.

Which vein is the longest in the body and empties into the femoral vein? Select from letters A-D.

What vein is formed from the union of the anterior tibial vein and posterior tibial vein? Select from letters A-D.

Which vein becomes the external iliac vein as it enters the pelvis? Select from letters A-D.