CSI-117 midterm Flashcards

A _______ is a set of instructions that a computer follows to perform a task

The physical devices that a computer is made of are referred to as _______

The part of a computer that runs programs is called _________

Today, CPUs are small chips known as __________`

The computer stores a program while the program is running, as well as the data that the program is working with, in __________

This is a volatile type of memory that is used only for temporary storage while a program is running

A type of memory that can hold data for long periods of time -- even when there is no power to the computer -- is called _______

A component that collects data from people or other devices and sends it to the computer is called _______

a video display is an __________

a __________ is enough memory to store a letter of the alphabet or a small number

a byte is made up of 8 _____

In a __________ numbering system, all numeric values are written as sequences of 0s and 1s

a bit that is turned off represents the following value: ________

A set of 128 numeric codes that represent the English letters, various punctuation marks, and other characters is _________

An extensive encoding scheme that can represent the characters of many of the languages in the world is ____________

Negative numbers are encoded using the ________ method

Real numbers are encoded using the _______ technique

The tiny dots of color that digital images are composed of are called _________

If you were to look at a machine language program, you would see _____________

In the _________ part of the fetch-decode-execute cycle, the CPU determines which operation it should perform

Computers can only execute code written in _________

The ______ translates an assembly language into a machine language program

The words that make up a high-level programming language are called __________

The rules that must be followed when writing a program are called __________

A__________ program translates a high-level language program into a separate machine language program

Today, CPUs are huge devices made of electrical and mechanical components such as vacuum tubes and switches

Main Memory is aka RAM

Any piece of data that is stored in a computer's memory must be stored as a binary number

Images, like the ones you make with a digital camera, cannot be stored as a binary number

Machine language is the only language that the CPU understands

Assembly language is considered a high-level language

An interpreter is a program that both translates and executes the instructions in a high-level language program

A syntax error does not prevent a program from being compiled and executed

Windows Vista, Linux, and Mac OS X are all examples of application software

Word processing programs, spreadsheet programs, email programs, web browsers, and games are all examples of utility programs

A ________ error does not prevent the program from running, but causes it to produce incorrect results

A _________ is a single function that the program must perform in order to satisfy the customer

an _________ is a set of well-defined logical steps that must be taken to perform a task

An informal language that has no syntax rules, and is not meant to be compiled or executed is called ________

A _________ is a diagram that graphically depicts the steps that take place in a program

a ________ is a set of statements that execute in the order that they appear

a _________ is a sequence of characters that is used as data

a ___________ is a storage location in memory that is represented by a name

a _______ is any hypothetical person that is using a program and providing input for it

a __________ is a message that tells or asks the user to enter a specific value

an __________ sets a variable to a specific value

in the expression 12 + 7, the values on the right and left of the + symbol are _____________

an _________ operator raises a number to a power

a _________ operator performs division, but instead of returning the quotient it returns the remainder

a __________ specifies a variable's name and data type

assigning a value to a variable in a declaration statement is called ______________

an ______________ variable is one that has been declared, but has not been initialized or assigned a value

a _____________ is a variable whose content has a value that is read only and cannot be changed during the programs execution

a debugging process in which you imagine that you are the computer executing a program is called ___________

Short notes placed in different parts of a program, explaining how these parts of the program work, are called ____________

Programmers must be careful not to make syntax errors when writing psuedocode

In a math expression, multiplication and division takes place before addition and subtraction.

Variable names can have spaces

In most languages, the first character of a variable name cannot be a number

The name gross_pay is written in the camelCase convention

in languages that require variable declarations, a variable's declaration must appear before any other statements that use the variable

Uninitialized variables are a common cause of errors

The value of a named constant cannot be changed during the programs execution

Hand Tracing is the process of translating a psuedocode program into machine language by hand

Internal documentation refers to books and manuals that document a program, and are intended for use within a company's programming department

A group of statements that exist within a program for the purpose of performing a specific task is a ___________

A benefit of using modules that helps to reduce the duplication of code within a program is __________

The first line of a module definition is known as the ________

You ________ a module to execute it

a _________ point is a memory address of the location in the program that the computer will return to when a module ends

A design technique that programmers use to break down an algorithm into modules is known as _____________

a __________ is a diagram that gives a visual representation of the relationships between modules in a program

A _________ is a variable that is declared inside a module

a ______ is the part of the program in which a variable may be accessed

an _______ is a piece of data that is sent into a module

a _______ is a special variable that receives a piece of data when a module is called

when __________, only a copy of the argument's value is passed into the parameter variable.

when ___________, the module can modify the argument in the calling part of the program

A variable that is visible to every module in the program is a ___________

When possible, you should avoid using ________ variables in a program

The phrase "divide and conquer" means that all of the programmers on a team should be divided and work in isolation

Modules make it easier for programmers to work in teams

Module names should be as short as possible

Calling a module and defining a module mean the same thing

A flowchart shows the hierarchical relationships between modules in a program

A Hierarchy chart does not show the steps that are taken inside a module

A statement in one module can access a local variable in another module

In most programming languages, you cannot have two variables of the same name in the same scope

Programming languages typically require that arguments be of the same data type as the parameters they are passed through

Most languages do not allow you to write modules that accept multiple arguments

When an argument is passed by reference, the module can modify the argument in the calling part of the program

Passing an argument by value is a means of establishing two-way communication between modules

A _________ structure can execute a set of statements only under certain circumstances

A ______ structure provides one alternative path of execution

In pseudocode, the If-Then statement is an example of _________

a __________ expression has a value of either true or false

The symbols >, <, and == are all ________ operators

a _____________ structure tests a condition and then takes one path is the condition is true, or another path if the condition is false

You use a __________ statement in pseudocode to write a single alternative decision structure

You use a __________ statement in pseudocode to write a dual alternative decision structure

a ___________ structure allows you to test the value of a variable or an expression then use that value to determine which statement or set of statements to execture

A __________ section of a Select Case statement is branched to if non of the case values match the expression listed after the Select statement

AND, OR, and Not are _________ operators

A compound Boolean expression created with the ____________ operator is true only if both it's subexpressions are true

A compound Boolean expression created with the _______ operator is true if either of its subexpressions are true

The _________ operator takes a Boolean expression as its operand and reverses it's logical value

A ___________ is a Boolean variable that signals when some condition exists in the program

You can write program using only sequence structures

A program can be made of only one type of control structure. You cannot combine structure

A single alternative decision structure tests a condition and then takes one path if the condition is true, or another path if it is false

A decision structure can be nested inside another decision structure

A compound Boolean expression created with the AND operator is true only when both subexpressions are true