Human Anatomy & Physiology: Chapter 3-Cells:The Living Units Flashcards


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1

what is the function of the ribosome

protein synthesis

2

what is the function of the mitochondria

production of ATP
(powerhouse of the cell)

3

what is the function of the Golgi apparatus

to package, modify and transport proteins

4

what is the function of lysosomes

digestion

5

what is the function of peroxisomes

detox

6

what is the function of the centrosome

determines how the cell will divide

7

what is the function of the microvilli

increase surface are for absorption

8

what is the purpose of the cilia

move substances over the cell membrane

9

what is the function of the flagella

move the cell (sperm)

10

what is the solute

the substances that is being dissolved (salt)

11

what is the solvent

substances in which the solute is being dissolved (water)

12

what is the solution

solute dissolved in solvent (salt solution)

13

Solutions can be of three types

hypotonic, hypertonic, or isotonic

14

what is endocytosis

bulk intake

15

what is phagocytosis

cell eating

16

what is pinocytosis

cell drinking

17

what is exocytosis

bulk output

18

Most of the life cycle of the cell is spent in what phase

interphase

19

the three phases of interphase are

G1, S, G2

20

when there is no reduction in the number of chromosomes in cell division it is called

mitosis

21

what are the four phases of mitosis

prophase, metaphase, anaphase and telephase

22

what phase of mitosis does the nuclear membrane and nucleus starts degenerating and eventually disappear

prophase

23

when does the chromatin become chromosomes

prophase

24

when do the centrioles start moving to opposite ends of the cell

prophase

25

when do chromosomes start moving toward the equator of the cell

prophase

26

when do spindles from the centrioles attach to the center of chromosome

prophase

27

centrioles have reached the opposite ends of the cell

metaphase

28

chromosomes have reached the equator of the cell and line up in a single file

metaphase

29

each chromosomes split into two chromatids and start moving to the end of the cell

anaphase

30

cytokinesis begins

anaphase

31

each chromatids (chromosome) now becomes a chromatin

telephase

32

spindle fibers disappear

telephase

33

nuclear membrane and nucleus reappears

telephase

34

centrioles reappear

telephase

35

cytokinesis is complete

telephase

36

What are exons

amino acids that specify information on the sequence

37

what are introns

they hold noncoding infromation

38

function of mRNA

carries the transcript code

39

function of rRNA

form function ribosomes (the sites of protein synthesis)

40

function of tRNA

decode mRNA message for amino acid sequence

41

what is transcription

DNA's information encoded in mRNA

42

What is translation

information carried by mRNA is decoded and used to assembly polypeptides