Cylindrical Body
It contains visceral organs and a series of ventrolateral limbs
Segmentation
insects evolved from segmented ‘worm-like’ ancestors
• Segmented
bodies define all arthropods,
joints and limbs
• Segments
reduced and fused over evolutionary time
• Adapted to specific functions
Insect Head has
Feeding appendages
Sensory organs to detect chage in odor, color, moisture, sound and touch
Contains brain
At base, cells border
noncellular basement membrane, which acts as a barrier between epidermis and hemolymph
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Lead Cable Borer ( A beetle)
Scobicia declivis
chew through lead sheathing of telephone cables
Locomotion is included in insects with
wings and legs that fly long distances
Modification bee legs are used to
collect pollen
What types of stuff are on modification bee legs
pollen basket or long setae(plumose hairs) on hind legs
The abdomen contains what
visceral organs including
- alimentary canal
- dorsal circulatory vessel
- Excretion organs
- Reproductive Organs
The segment inside the abdomen contain
spiracles
Spiracles
openings to the environment for gas exchange
Cerci (primitive groups may have this )
Paired appendages at the end of the abdomen
_ Some are sensory n others use in copulation or defense
Ovipositors (females)
used to deposit eggs
Exoskeleton
hardened, jointed cuticle that covers the body
What functions are the exo
-support of muscles
- barrier for water loss & disease elements
- Predators are prevented through coloration
- determines the form and size of insect
Chitin
polyaccharide, major constituent of insect procuticle
Structure of Chitin
hard and rigid (sclerotized to form the exocuticle
Three basic components for the exoskeleton
1. Tough, outer non cellular cuticle
2. A single layer of cells: epidermis
3. Inner sheet of connective tissue: Basement membrane
Basement membrane
thin sheet that supports cells in animal tissues
Resilin
rubber like protein
Three different types of proteins in exo/endocuticle shell
Rigid cuticle, flexibility and elasticity
Epidermis
epidermal cells organized in a single layer with a microvilli surface for cuticle secretion
During the process of molting in the epidermis, what happens?
Pore canal transports secretions to the procuticle
At base, cells border
noncellular basement membrane, which as a barrier between epidermis and hemplymph
Lead Cable Borer
Scobicia declivis
chew through lead sheathing of telephone cables
Most colors are produced where
in the cuticle
Cutile and deeper tissues contribute to
production of color patterns
Insect bodies consist of what form of body?
Cylindrical Body
Phasmatodea
change color btw day and night
Color change is related to the movement of
pigment granules in epidermis
What happens to phasmatodea when clusted
given a pale color between day and night
Pigmentary colors are a
range of chemical compounds that serve as pigment
Excretory products are no longer used in
biochemical pathways
Pigments may also be absorbed through what
food
The physical shape and thickness of cuticles produce
color
Iridescence caused by
differential refraction of light waves
Helicoidal arrangement
Cuticle produces iridescent metallic coloration in beetles and flies