Physiology(1-Cell Physiology and Biophysics) Flashcards

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1

Whats the function of the cell membrane

  • Structural support
  • Hold antigents for cell recognition
  • Movement of ions by pores and carrier proteins
  • Holds proteins for starting chemical reactions and enzyme making
  • Holds receptors for hormones and neurotransmitters

2

Whats are the common proteins in the DNA

Adenosine, thymidine, guanosine, cystidine

3

What is the function of RNA in mitochondria

Synthesis of enzymes of oxidative phosphorylation(enzymes that make ATP creation process faster)

4

Whats the job of DNA in mitochondria

Useful for mitochondrial replication

5

What makes vesicles

Endoplasmatic reticulum + golgi apparatus

6

What is the cause of pathogenesis of gout and rheumatoid arthritis

The release of lysosomal enzymes

7

Peroxisome functions

  • Breakedown hydrogen peroxide(H2O2)
  • Beta oxidisation of lipids

8

Where are peroxisomes more common

Liver and kidneys

9

Functions of microtubules

  • Give the cell its shape
  • Transports vesicles and organelles to the surface

10

What are molecular motors? Give examples

Proteins that move proteins and other organelles, Kinasis, dyneins and myosins

11

What is the microtubules made of during cell division

Alpha, Beta and Gamma globular proteins

12

What is the microtubules made of normally

Alpha and Beta globular proteins

13

What are microfilaments made of

Made up of Actin

14

What protein interraction causes cell movement

Actin with Myosin I

15

What protein interraction causes muscle contraction

Actin + myosin II

16

What causes the movement of cilia and flagella

Sliding of microtubules

17

Functions of CAMs(cell adhesive molecules)

  • Make it easier for cells to attach to other cells and the basal lamina
  • They help in intercellural movement and transfering information between cells
  • They're involved in Pathophysiology of inflammation(how its made, the molecular level changes that happens)
  • involved in wound healing
  • Involved in metastasis of tumour(spreading of tumour)

18

Name examples of CAMs(cell adhesion molecules)

  • Integrins
  • IgG superfamily of immunoglobulins
  • Cadherins
  • Selectins

19

Whats the function of integrin CAMs

They are the principal receptors used by animal cells to bind to the extracellular matrix

20

What happens to the cell in the absence of Integrin CAMs

The cell will apoptosis earlier

21

What does passive transport depend on:

  • Membrane permeability
  • Concentration gradient
  • Size of molecule in relation to the size of pores
  • How big is the The area of diffusion on the cell membrane
  • Temperature
  • Distance between the membrane and molecule during diffusion

22

Whats solvent drag

When solvent(water) osmosis to the cell and drags some solutes(possibly ions) along with it

23

Where does solvent drag happen

Capillaries and renal tubules