Physiology
Study of functions of living organisms and their parts
Pathology
Scientific study of disease
Anatomy
Study of structure of an organism and relationships of its parts
Levels of Organization
chemical level, organelle levels, cellular level, tissue level organ level, and organism level
Anatomical Position (Cont.)
Body is standing erect with the feet slightly apart and arms at the sides with palms turned forward
Superior
Toward the head, upper, above
Inferior
Toward the feet, lower, below
Anterior
Front, in front of (same as ventral in humans)
Posterior
Back, in back of (same as dorsal in humans)
Medial
Toward the midline of a structure
Lateral
Away from the midline or toward the side of a structure
Proximal
Toward or nearest the trunk, or nearest the point of origin of a structure
Distal
Away from or farthest from the trunk, or farthest from a structure’s point of origin
Superficial
Nearer the body surface
Deep
Farther away from the body surface
Major body cavities
Dorsal cavity (brain)cranial activity and spinal activity
Ventral cavity, Thoracic cavity, mediastinum (mid portion where heart n trachea are located in, and pleural cavities (depending which side of lung ur identifying)
Negative feedback
Signaling the brain to bring the body back to normal
Positive feedback
body intensify until it goes back to normal