what are the five major segments of the stomach?
Cardia, Fundus. Corpus, Anturm, Pyloris
Main purpose of cardia?
secretes mucous to ease the passage of food
The main purpose of the Fundus
produces hydrochloric acid
Main purpose of the corpus?
produces acid and secretes pepsinogen and mucous
Main purpose of the Antrum?
nonmucous producing secretes mucous and gastrin.
The main purpose of the pylorus?
food storage area before it passes the duodenum.
the sphincter of the stomach that prevents gastric reflux is the?
Cardia
The sphincter of the stomach that controls the exit of food from the stomach is called the?
pyloric sphincter
The bolus of food is mixed in the stomach into a liquid substance called ? as it exits the stomach.
Chyme (gastric juices)
What are the important areas of innervation(distribution of nerves to or in a part) and blood flow?
Lesser curvature and greater curvature
The left gastroepiploic artery is located primarily along the ? of the stomach
Pyloris
The four layers of the wall of the digestive tract are the
Mucosa, submucosa. muscularis, and serosa
The enzyme amylase secreted in the oral cavity begins digestion of the food substance
starches
The enzyme pepsinogen (pepsin) secreted in the stomach begins the digestion of which food substance?
protiens
Bile secreted in the duodenum works to emulsify the food substance ?
cholesterol and fatty acids
what is emulsification?
the process of breaking down fat into smaller gobules
The enzyme lipase begins digestion of the food substance
butter fat
The small intestine is responsible for the digestion and the absorption of
Nutrients
The large intestine is responsible for absorption of
water
The movement of food through the intestines by the muscles of the alimentary canal is called
peristalsis
Purpose of the Mesentery?
holds the small intestines to the back of the abdominal wall and a fold of tissue attaching organs to the wall
Typical location of the appendix
right lower quadrant
purpose of the mesoappendix?
part of mesentery that connects the ileum to the appendix of the abdomen
Three segments of the gall bladder manipulated during removal are the?
Fondus, Body, and Hartman's Pouch.
The biliary tree outlined during an intraoperative cholangiogram may include?
Right and Left Hepatic Ducts, Common hepatic ducts, cystic duct, common bile duct
What is the function of the sphincter of odi?
Controls the flow of bile into the duodenum
what are the ducts that transport enzymes from the pancreas to the duodenum?
duct of Santorini, duct Wirsung
The pancreas is classified as both.
exocrine and endocrine glands.
where are the islets of Langerhans located, and what us their function?
In the pancreas for the production of insulin
What is the largest parenchymal organ in the normal abdominal cavity?
Liver
What is the blood supply of the liver?
Hepatic portal vein