- The Palette of King Narmer
-3000-2920BCE
- Slate, 2'1" high
- People coming together (king "brought" upper and lower Egypt together)
- Cow faced woman with horns, symbol of Hathor. Hierarchy of scale + twisted view.
- Good over evil, falcon symbolism, taking over lower egypt
- Shows standards (wooden stick holding a banner) and aerial view of dead enemies
- Rosetta Stone
- 196BCE
- Stone carvings, three different languages inscribed (Greek, Demotic, and Hieroglyphs)
- Mastaba: a tomb, brought everything into tombs that they would need in life for death. Might have been inspired by ziggurats
- Chapel and false door (symbolic of transition to death)
- Shaft into burial chamber, Serdab (room with Ka in it), burial chamber
- Ka: a statue meant to hold the soul of the dead until they could pass into afterlife, statue in serdab
a city of the dead, like a graveyard
Necropolis
- Imhotep, stepped pyramid of Djoser
- 2630-2611BCE
- 200' tall
- Imhotep is a high priest who is the first artist named at this time
- First grandiose royal tomb, started as a mastaba. Symbolized his absolute godly power
- Mortuary precinct of Djoser
- 2630-2611BCE
- Underneath is a vast area to represent a palace. Temple to worship the king as a god. Priest would perform daily rituals.
- Also had earliest known columns (Djoser palace, 2630-2611BCE)
- Lotus and papyrus to represent lower and upper Egypt
a 70 day process for royals, a lot of internal organs are removed through the left flank and placed in jars. Drained brain, heart stayed in body. "Salts" body to absorb all liquids
Mummification
- Pyramids of Snefru
- Red/3rd pyramid is the 3rd largest
- All sun related, ben ben and Ra
- all face east, to the rising sun
- Great Pyramids of Gizeh
- 2551-2472BCE
- limestone
- Built over 79 years (3 pyramids). 3 pharaohs, not isolated
- Great Sphinx
- 2520-2472BCE
- sandstone, 65'x240x
- probably image of Khafre Enthroned
- cobra symbolism, connected to Ra
- composite creature, man and lion
- Khafre Enthroned
- 2520-2494BCE
- diorite, 5'6" high
- would be in serdab, ceremonial beard, sitting, fist to rule
- Menkaure and Khamerenbty
- 2490-2472BCE
- Graywacke, 4'6.5"
- portraits, men has one foot in front and is slightly taller that Kham. In a tomb to hold his soul (Ka)
- Seated scribe
- 2500BCE
- painted limestone, 1'9" high
- seated on floor, not at king level
- importance of scribes and writers at the time
- as importance of a person decreases, they become more relaxed and naturalistic looking
- Ti watching a hippopotamus hunt
- 2450-2350BCE
- painted limestone, 4' high
- has servants (Hierarchy of scale), twisted view, hunting and farming=symbol of good over evil