DEMOBILIZATION
REDUCTION IN THE SIZE OF THE US ARMED FORCES AFTER THE WAR
FROM
12 TO 3 MILLION
IRAN CRISIS
USSR REFUSED TO WITHDRAW ITS TROOPS FOR OIL RICH IRAN AFTER WW II, US ENCOURAGED THEM TO LEAVE AND PROMISED THEM OIL DRILLING RIGHTS BUT LATER BACKED IRAN IN REFUSING THIS, USSR BECAME SUSPICIOUS OF US
COLD WAR
NOT A SHOOTING WAR, BUT A BATTLE OF DIPLOMACY, PROPAGANDA AND
NERVES AND THREATS OF WAR
STALIN
RUTHLESS COMMUNIST DICTATOR OF USSR WHO MURDERED MILLIONS OF HIS
OWN PEOPLE AND WAS THE ENEMY OF HUMAN FREEDOM
YALTA CONFERENCE
WARTIME 1945, MEETING BETWEEN, STALIN, CHURCHILL (ENGLAND) AND FDR. STALIN PROMISED TO ALLOW FREE ELECTIONS IN EASTERN EUROPE WHICH SOVIET ARMIES NOW OCCUPIED, HE LIED
CONTAINMENT
US POLICY DESIGNED TO HALT SOVIET EXPANSIONISM (TAKING OVER
LANDS) WITH FORCE IF NECESSARY, UNTIL THE USSR BECAME FRIENDLIER
GEORGE KENNAN
STATE DEPARTMENT EXPERT WHO THOUGHT UP THE CONTAINMENT
POLICY
BALTIC NATIONS
ESTONIA, LATVIA, AND LITHUANIA WERE ANNEXED (MADE PART OF) BY THE USSR AFTER THE WAR AGAINST THEIR WILL
EASTERN EUROPE
POLAND,
GERMANY, HUNGARY, ROMANIA, BULGARIA, EAST
CZECHOSLOVAKIA AND ALBANIA-STALIN SET UP COMMUNIST GOVERNMENTS AND
TOOK AWAY ALL FREEDOMS FROM THE PEOPLE THERE. SOVIET ARMIES HAD
OCCUPIED THE COUNTRIES AFTER THE WAR
SATELLITES
EAST EUROPE 1945-1989, NATIONS THAT WERE OFFICIALLY INDEPENDENT BUT
CONTROLLED BY A FOREIGN POWER (USSR) ALSO CALLED
"PUPPET" STATES
IRON CURTAIN
FORMER UK PRIME MINISTER WINSTON CHURCHILL'S TERM FOR THE USSR TAKING OVER EASTERN EUROPE AND CUTTING IT OFF FROM THE WEST (U.S. AND ITS ALLIES) AND TRYING TO EXPAND TO OTHER PARTS OF THE WORLD
APPEASEMENT
PRE- WWII POLICY THAT TRIED USING DIPLOMACY TO STOP HITLER'S
AGGRESSION, IT FAILED AND THE U.S. WOULD NOT USE IT WHEN DEALING
WITH THE USSR
GREECE AND TURKEY
1947, FIRST AREAS WHERE THE POLICY OF CONTAINMENT WAS USED
TO
STOP COMMUNIST EXPANSION
TRUMAN DOCTRINE
U.S. WOULD ASSIST NATIONS FIGHTING COMMUNISM WITH MONEY
AND TROOPS
MARSHALL PLAN
A PROGRAM OF MASSIVE ECONOMIC AID TO EUROPE. WE SENT $12 BILLION TO 16 WEST EUROPEAN NATIONS TO BUILD UP THEIR WAR DESTROYED ECONOMIES. IT WAS A GREAT SUCCESS AS WESTERN EUROPE GREW STRONGER AND IT HELPED INCREASE U.S. TRADE
BERLIN BLOCKADE
1948, USSR BLOCKED ALL LAND ROUTES INTO WEST BERLIN WHICH
WAS
DEEP IN SOVIET TERRITORY. THEY DID THIS TO FORCE THE WEST (U.S. AND
ITS ALLIES) TO GET OUT OF THE 1/2 OF THE CITY THEY OCCUPIED (WEST BERLIN)
WEST
TERM FOR THE UNITED STATES AND ITS ALLIES VS. THE EAST WHICH IS THE
USSR
AND ITS ALLIES
BERLIN AIRLIFT
1948-1949, TRUMAN ORDERED WEST BERLIN SUPPLIED BY AIR.
WARNED
STALIN IF ONE U.S. SUPPLY PLANE WAS SHOT DOWN IT WOULD MEAN WAR. THE
AIRLIFT LASTED A YEAR UNTIL THE RUSSIANS GAVE UP AND REOPENED THE LAND ROUTES
NATO
NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY ORGANIZATION, MILITARY ALLIANCE BETWEEN U.S.
AND
IT ALLIES AGAINST THE USSR, IT WAS THE FIRST PEACE TIME US ALLIANCE
WARSAW PACT
USSR AND ITS ALLIES, MILITARY PACT AGAINST NATO, IT WAS DISBANDED
IN 1990 WITH THE END OF THE COLD WAR
RED CHINA
COMMUNIST REVOLUTION(CIVIL WAR)TOOK OVER CHINA IN 1949 AND TURNED IT INTO A COMMUNIST NATION
CHIANG KAI-SHEK
CORRUPT NATIONALIST LEADER OF CHINA WHO LOST THE CIVIL WAR AND FLED WITH HIS ARMY TO TAIWAN (FORMOSA) WHERE HE SET UP A NEW CHINESE GOVERNMENT WHICH THE US RECOGNIZED AS THE REAL CHINESE GOVERNMENT
MAO ZEDONG
COMMUNIST REVOLUTIONARY WHO BECAME DICTATOR OF CHINA IN 1949
AFTER A LONG, BLOODY CIVIL WAR
"LOSING CHINA"
TRUMAN WAS ATTACKED FOR NOT STOPPING THE RED TAKEOVER (IN REALITY THERE WAS LITTLE HE COULD DO), WHICH CONVINCED MANY AMERICANS THAT THERE WAS A COMMUNIST CONSPIRACY TO TAKE OVER THE WORLD
KOREA
NATION CONTROLLED BY JAPAN UNTIL 1945 WHEN IT WAS DIVIDED INTO A COMMUNIST NORTH AND INDEPENDENT SOUTH ALONG THE 38TH PARALLEL
KOREAN WAR
IN JUNE OF 1950 NORTH KOREAN COMMUNIST TROOPS INVADED SOUTH KOREA AND DEFEATED THEIR ARMIES; U.S. SENT TROOPS UNDER THE UNITED NATIONS, DEFEATED THE NORTH KOREANS AND TOOK OVER MUCH OF NORTH KOREA
CHINESE INTERVENTION
END OF 1950, CHINA ENTERED THE KOREAN WAR AND DROVE
THE
AMERICAN (UN) ARMIES BACK SOUTH OF THE 38TH PARALLEL
LIMITED WAR
TRUMAN'S CONCEPT OF FIGHTING THE KOREAN WAR, WITH LIMITED
OBJECTIVES, NOT FIGHTING A WAR TO TOTAL VICTORY AS IN WWI AND WW II
FIRING OF MACARTHUR
U.S. COMMANDING GENERAL IN KOREA, HE GOT INTO A DISPUTE WITH TRUMAN ON HOW THE WAR SHOULD BE WON, HE BELIEVED WE SHOULD INVADE CHINA, USE THE A-BOMB AND FIGHT FOR TOTAL VICTORY, TRUMAN FIRED HIM. MANY PEOPLE IN THE U.S. AGREED WITH MACARTHUR
PANMUNJOM
PLACE WHERE A CEASEFIRE WAS SIGNED ON JULY 27, 1953 ENDING THE
KOREAN WAR, ENDED IN A TIE OR STALEMATE NOTHING CHANGED