Ati Teas Secrets Study Guide - Teas 7 Prep Book, Six Full-Length Practice Tests (1,000+ Questions), Step-By-Step Video Tutorials: [Updated for the 7th: Nervous System: cranial nerves, neurons, & neurotransmitters Flashcards

I. cranial nerve (S); smell

II. cranial nerve (S); sight

III. cranial nerve (M); moves the pupil and lens of eye

IV. cranial nerve (M); moves the eye

V. cranial nerve (B); largest of the cranial nerves; functions in chewing and face sensations

VI cranial nerve (M); moves the eye

VII. cranial nerve (B); facial expressions and anterior 2/3 of tongue

VIII. cranial nerve (S); sound

IX. cranial nerve (B); functions in swallowing, saliva, taste

X. cranial nerve (B); controls the peripheral nervous system

XI. cranial nerve (M); swallowing and movement of the head and neck

XII. cranial nerve (M); speech, swallowing, and tongue muscles

located in the central nervous system; the most abundant cells found in neural tissue

function = anchor neurons; facilitate exchange of materials between capillaries and neurons; uptake excess ions and neurotransmitters

located in the central nervous system; has relatively few extensions

function = phagocytic (immune defense), digest dead neurons and debris

located in the central nervous system; extensions wrap around axons of CNS neurons; unlike Schwann cells, one of these can myelinate dozens of axons

functions = produce myelin sheaths that insulate CNS neurons and speed up neurotransmitters

located in the central nervous system; form the epithelial lining of the ventricles and central canal of the spinal cord

function = circulate cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and facilitate exchange of materials between the CSF and interstitial fluid if brain/spinal cord

located in the peripheral nervous system; extensive lipid membranes wrap around PNS axons to form layers

function = produce the myelin sheaths that insulate PNS neurons; speed up neurotransmission

located in the peripheral nervous system; surround the soma of neurons within PNS ganglia

function = protect and cushion PNS neurons

stimulates skeletal muscle

influences mood and sleep patterns

associated wit mood, attention, reward sateen, and movement

works with the hypothalamus to promote wakefulness

has many roles: mostly inhibitory; influences mood, sleep, hunger, arousal

the major inhibitory neurotransmitter

the major excitatory neurotransmitter