PCB 3063: Genetics Flashcards

The structures within all living cells that contain the genetic material are called

Which of the following are the major components of a chromosome?

A chromosome contains a very long segment of_______ , which is bound to _____that provide structure.

What is chromatin?

Which term best describes organisms whose chromosomes are not contained within a membrane-bound nucleus?

The ____of a prokaryotic cell is the region of cytoplasm that contains the chromosome.

Chromosomes are best defined as ______.

In this figure of a bacterial cell, which of the following labels are correctly matched with their appropriate structures?

Prokaryotes, which include the _____ and the ______, are organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus.

Prokaryotes usually have a single type of circular chromosome in a region of the cytoplasm called the ______.

Which of the following are eukaryotes?

This diagram depicts a eukaryotic cell. Match the letter to the correct structure.

Which term best describes organisms whose chromosomes are not contained within a membrane-bound nucleus?

An organelle is ______.

Organisms, such as protists and fungi, that have a true nucleus are called

The _____of a eukaryote is the organelle that contains most of the genetic material found in the cell.

Which of the following organelles contain their own DNA?

In this figure of a eukaryotic cell, which of the following labels are correctly matched with their appropriate structures?

What is cytogenetics?

In eukaryotes, ______are membrane-bound structures that have specific functions.

Which of the following best describes the nucleus?

In general, the chromosome number of a particular species ______.

In addition to the nucleus, eukaryotic organelles called the____ and the ____contain a small amount of their own DNA.

The following are steps used in the procedure for making a karyotype. Arrange them in order, starting with the first step at the top.

The field of genetics that involves the microscopic examination of chromosomes is called .

Which is the best definition of a karyotype?

True or false: Most eukaryotic species are haploid or have such a phase as a significant part of their life cycle.

Organisms, such as protists and fungi, that have a true nucleus are called

A diploid cell is defined as a cell that has ______.

True or false: Each species has a particular chromosome composition.

The procedure for making a karyotype includes all of the following steps except______.

A normal human somatic cell carries ______ pairs of chromosomes for a total of ______.

An organized representation of the chromosomes within a cell is called a(n)

Which of the following statements about eukaryotes is true?

In a ______ cell, each type of chromosome is a member of a pair.

In a diploid cell, each member of a pair of chromosomes is called a(n) ______.

The two members of a homologous pair of chromosomes may carry different versions of a given gene, which are called ____

Insert a number into the blank: Most human somatic cells contain a total of chromosomes.

The position of a gene on a chromosome, such as gene A in the image, is called its ______.

Unicellular prokaryotic organisms proliferate by ____ reproduction, in which a preexisting cell divides to produce two new cells.

Each type of chromosome in a diploid cell is found in a homologous pair. Each chromosome in such a pair is referred to as a(n)

Most bacterial cells divide by ______.

______ are different versions of the same gene.

The eukaryotic cell cycle is composed of ______ phases called ______.

A(n)____ refers to the physical location of a gene.

Which of the following best describes asexual reproduction?

Which of the following are part of interphase?

This figure shows a bacterium reproducing asexually by a process known as

A cell, such as most nerve cells in an adult mammal that will never divide again, is in the ______ phase.

Eukaryotic cells that are destined to divide progress through G₁, S, G₂, and M phases, which are collectively known as the

The following is a diagram of the eukaryotic cell cycle. Match the letter to the appropriate phase.

In mitosis, the restriction point is ______.

In actively dividing cells, the G₁, S, and G₂ phases are collectively known as

After replication, each chromosome consists of two copies called

Which of the following phases of the cell cycle is considered a "resting" stage, where cells can remain permanently, or for long periods of time?

This figure depicts the cell cycle in eukaryotes, including the M phase. Match the letter to the appropriate phase.

Late in the G₁ phase, many cell types become committed to progress through the rest of the cell cycle. When this occurs, the cell has reached a(n)

A pair of sister chromatids is also called a ______.

The centromere is a ______.

The two copies of a replicated chromosome are called ______.

The kinetochore serves which of the following functions?

A cell, such as most nerve cells in an adult mammal that will never divide again, is in the ______ phase.

The box in this karyotype highlights which of the following?

A monad can be described as ______.

The two chromatids of a chromosome are joined together at a region of DNA called the

When S phase is completed, a cell has _______ in the G₁ phase.

The ____is a protein-complex that is bound to the centromere, and which plays a key role in the separation of chromosomes during cell division.

This diagram shows a pair of .

After a mitotic division is complete, a daughter cell has 40 chromosomes. Which of the following best describes the chromosome composition of the mother cell in the G₂ phase?

The term that can refer to either a dyad (pair of sister chromatids) or a monad (single chromatid) is a(n)

The primary purpose of mitosis is to ______.