place value
A system that gives a digit a value based on its position in a number
If you move a digit to the left, _______________
it increases by 10x the amount
If you move a digit to the right, _______________
it is now 10x smaller
expanded form
a way to write a number as the sum of the values of each digit
(example: 4,198 in expanded form is 4,000 + 100 + 90 + 8)
standard notation or standard form
the most common way of writing numbers (just digits)
exponent
A number used to tell how many times to multiply a base number by itself
(example: 103 is also 10 x 10 x 10, which equals 1,000) (3 is the exponent)
(example: 82 is also 8 x 8, which equals 64) (2 is the exponent)
base
The number that is multiplied based on the exponent
(example: 103 is also 10 x 10 x 10, which equals 1,000) (10 is the base)
(example: 82 is also 8 x 8, which equals 64) (8 is the base)
power of 10
a number that can be written as a product of 10s
(example: 104 can be rewritten as 10 x 10 x 10 x 10, which equals 10,000) (we say this "10 to the power of 4")
extended multiplication fact
Variations of multiplication facts that involve multiplies of 10, 100, and so on
(example: an extended multiplication fact would be 50 x 3 or 300 x 5, instead of 3 x 5)
estimate
an answer close to the exact answer
partial products multiplication
a way to get the product of a multiplication problem by breaking the problem up into smaller chunks and adding them together
area model multiplication
a way to get the product of a multiplication problem by treating the numbers in the problem like the length and width of a rectangle
measurement unit
the unit used when measuring something in weight, length, volume, capacity, temperature, or speed
(examples: inches, centimeters, feet, pounds, ounces, hours, seconds)
algorithm
step-by-step instructions for how to solve a problem
(example: the algorithm for finding the area of a rectangle is to multiply length times width)
efficient
to do something easily and quickly
dividend
the number in a division problem that is being divided
(example: in the problem 35 ÷ 7 = 5, the dividend is 35)
divisor
the number in a division problem that divides another number
(example: in the problem 35 ÷ 7 = 5, the divisor is 7)
quotient
the answer to a division problem
(example: in the problem 35 ÷ 7 = 5, the quotient is 5)
remainder
an amount left over when one number is divided by another number
(example: if 38 books are divided into 5 equal piles, there will be 7 books in each pile with 3 books left over. The remainder is 3, and the answer can be written as 38 ÷ 5 = 7 R 3
partial quotients division
a way to divide a number in which the dividend is divided by smaller divisors first, then added together