Chemistry Chapter 9 Final Exam Flashcards

According to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of the bond in Cl2?

4p on Cl and 4p on Cl

3p on Cl and 3p on Cl

sp on Cl and sp on Cl

3s on Cl and 3s on Cl

2p on Cl and 2p on Cl

The molecular geometry of the IF5 molecule is ________, and this molecule is ________.

trigonal bipyramidal, polar

trigonal bipyramidal, nonpolar

trigonal planar, polar

square pyramidal, polar

square pyramidal, nonpolar

For molecules with only one central atom, how many lone pairs on the central atom guarantees molecular polarity?

1

2

1 or 2

3

1 or 3

ClF3 has ""T-shaped"" geometry. There is/are ________ non-bonding domain(s) in this molecule.

4

2

3

1

0

Molecular Orbital theory correctly predicts diamagnetism of fluorine gas, F2. This is because ________.

the bond order in F2 can be shown to be equal to 1.

there are more electrons in the bonding orbitals than in the antibonding orbitals.

all electrons in the MO electron configuration of F2 are paired.

the energy of the π2pMOs is higher than that of the σ2p MO.

the F—F bond enthalpy is very low.

The hybridizations of bromine in BrF5 and of arsenic in AsF5 are ________ and ________, respectively.

sp3, sp3dsp3d,

sp3d2sp3d,

sp3 sp3d2,

sp3d2, sp3d

sp3dsp3d2, sp3d2

The hybrid orbital set used by the central atom in SO3 is ________.

sp

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

The electron-domain geometry and molecular geometry of the nitrite ion are ________ and ________, respectively.

trigonal bipyramidal, trigonal planar

tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal

trigonal bipyramidal,T-shaped

trigonal planar, bent

T-shaped, trigonal planar

________ hybrid orbitals are used for bonding by Xe in the XeF4 molecule.

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

sp

n a typical multiple bond, the σ bond results from overlap of ________ orbitals and the π bond(s) result from overlap of ________ orbitals.

hybrid, atomic

hybrid, hybrid

atomic, hybrid

hybrid, hybrid or atomic

hybrid or atomic, hybrid or atomic

Of the molecules below, only ________ is nonpolar.

PF3

Br2S

TeCl2

HCl

BeH2

Based on molecular orbital theory, the bond order of the H—H bond in the H2+ ion is ________.

0

1/2

1

3/2

2

Based on molecular orbital theory, the only molecule in the list below that has unpaired electrons is ________.

C2

N2

F2

O2

Li2

n comparing the same two atoms bonded together, the ________ the bond order, the ________ the bond length, and the ________ the bond energy.

smaller, longer, smaller

greater, greater, greater

greater, longer, greater

greater, shorter, smaller

smaller, greater, greater

According to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of the bond in Br2?

3s

3p

4s

4p

3d

The N-N bond in HNNH consists of ________.

one σ bond and one π bond

one σ bond and two π bonds

two σ bonds and one π bond

two σ bonds and two π bonds

one σ bond and no π bonds

In counting the electron domains around the central atom in VSEPR theory, a ________ is not included.

nonbonding pair of electrons

single covalent bond core level electron pair

double covalent bond

triple covalent bond

he electron-domain geometry and molecular geometry of iodine trichloride are ________ and ________, respectively.

trigonal bipyramidal, trigonal planar

tetrahedral, trigonal pyramidal

trigonal bipyramidal, T-shaped

octahedral, trigonal planar

T-shaped, trigonal planar

The angles between sp2 orbitals are ________.

45°

180°

90°

109.5°

120°

There are ________ σ bonds and ________ π bonds in H3C–CH2–CH=CH–CH2–C≡CH.

14, 2

10, 3

12, 2

13, 2

16, 3

According to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of the bond in Br2?

3s

3p

4s

4p

3d

Based on molecular orbital theory, the bond orders of the H—H bonds in H2, H2+, and H2- are ________, respectively

1, 0, and 0

1, 1/2, and 0

1, 0, and 1/2

1, 1/2, and 1/2

1, 2, and 0

Of the molecules below, only ________ is nonpolar.

PF3

Br2S

TeCl2

HCl

BeH2

For a molecule with the formula AB2, the molecular shape is ________.

linear or bent

linear or trigonal planar

linear or T-shaped

T-shaped

trigonal planar

The molecular geometry of the CS2 molecule is ________.

linear

bent

tetrahedral

trigonal planar

T-shaped

A typical double bond ________.

is stronger and shorter than a single bond

consists of one σ bond and one π bond

imparts rigidity to a molecule

consists of two shared electron pairs

All of the above answers are correct.

When three atomic orbitals are mixed to form hybrid orbitals, how many hybrid orbitals are formed?

six

four

five

three

one

The hybrid orbitals used for bonding by Xe in the unstable XeF2 molecule are ________ orbitals.

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

sp

An antibonding π orbital contains a maximum of ________ electrons.

1

2

4

6

8

An antibonding MO ________ the corresponding bonding MO.

is always lower in energy than

can accommodate more electrons than

can accommodate fewer electrons than is always higher in energy than

is always degenerate with

ClF3 has ""T-shaped"" geometry. There is/are ________ non-bonding domain(s) in this molecule.

4

2

3

1

0

In order to exhibit delocalized π bonding, a molecule must have ________.

at least two π bonds

at least two resonance structures

at least three σ bonds

at least four atoms

trigonal planar electron domain geometry

According to MO theory, overlap of two p atomic orbitals produces ________.

two bonding molecular orbitals one bonding molecular orbital and one antibonding molecular orbital

two bonding molecular orbitals and two antibonding molecular orbitals

two bonding molecular orbitals and one antibonding molecular orbital

three bonding molecular orbitals and three antibonding molecular orbitals

The central atom in a certain molecule has 2 nonbonded electron pairs and 4 bonded electron pairs in its valence shell. The molecular geometry of this molecule is ________.

seesaw

square planar

linear

trigonal bipyramidal

T-shaped

The electron-domain geometry of a sulfur-centered compound is trigonal bipyramidal. The hybridization of the central sulfur atom is ________.

sp

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

According to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of the bond in Cl2?

4p on Cl and 4p on Cl

3p on Cl and 3p on Cl

sp on Cl and sp on Cl

3s on Cl and 3s on Cl

2p on Cl and 2p on Cl

he blending of one s atomic orbital and one p atomic orbital produces ________.

two sp hybrid orbitals

two sp2 hybrid orbitals

two sp3 hybrid orbitals

three sp hybrid orbitals

three sp2 hybrid orbitals

The electron-domain geometry of ________ is tetrahedral.

CBr4

PH3

CCl2

Br2

Xe

F4

all of the above except XeF4

The molecular geometry of the BeCl2 molecule is ________, and this molecule is ________.

bent, nonpolar

linear, polar

bent, polar

seesaw, polar

linear, nonpolar

n order to produce sp2 hybrid orbitals, ________ s atomic orbital(s) and ________ p atomic orbital(s) must be mixed.

one, two

one, three

one, one

two, two

two, three

The electron-domain geometry and the molecular geometry of a molecule of the general formula ABn are ________.

never the same

always the same

sometimes the same

not related

mirror images of one another

For a molecule with the formula AB2, the molecular shape is ________.

linear or bent

linear or trigonal planar

linear or T-shaped

T-shaped

trigonal planar

Which of the following molecules or ions will exhibit delocalized bonding?

NO2- NH4+ N3-

NH4+ and N3-

NO2- only

NO2-, NH4+, and N3-

N3- only

NO2- and N3-

The hybridizations of nitrogen in NF3 and NH3 are ________ and ________, respectively.

sp2, sp2

sp, sp3

sp3, sp

sp3, sp3

sp2, sp3

he electron domain and molecular geometry of SO3 are ________.

trigonal bipyramidal, trigonal planar

trigonal planar, bent

trigonal bipyramidal, T-shaped

trigonal planar, trigonal planar

octahedral, seesaw

The central Xe atom in the XeF4 molecule has ________ unbonded electron pair(s) and ________ bonded electron pair(s) in its valence shell.

1, 4

2, 4

4, 0

4, 1

4, 2

The more effectively two atomic orbitals overlap, ________.

the more bonding MOs will be produced by the combination

the higher will be the energy of the resulting bonding MO and the lower will be the energy of the resulting antibonding MO

the higher will be the energies of both bonding and antibonding MOs that result

the fewer antibonding MOs will be produced by the combination

the lower will be the energy of the resulting bonding MO and the higher will be the energy of the resulting antibonding MO

Using the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry of the central atom in ClF3 is ________.

linear

trigonal planar

tetrahedral

trigonal bipyramidal

octahedral

he hybridization of the carbon atom in carbon dioxide is ________.

sp

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

Of the following species, ________ will have bond angles of 120°.

PH3

ClF3

NCl3

BCl3

All of these will have bond angles of 120°.

he hybridization scheme for BeF2 is ________.

sp

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

Using the VSEPR model, the molecular geometry of the central atom in PCl3 is ________.

linear

trigonal planar

tetrahedral

bent

trigonal pyramidal

PCl5 has ________ electron domains and a ________ molecular arrangement.

6, trigonal bipyramidal

6, tetrahedral

5, square pyramidal

5, trigonal bipyramidal

6, seesaw

The hybridization of carbon in the H—C ≡ N: molecule is ________.

sp2

s2p

s3p

sp

sp3

n comparing the same two atoms bonded together, the ________ the bond order, the ________ the bond length, and the ________ the bond energy.

smaller, longer, smaller

greater, greater, greater

greater, longer, greater

greater, shorter, smaller

smaller, greater, greater

Of the following molecules, only ________ is polar.

BeCl2

BF3

CBr4

SiH2Cl2

Cl2

In order to exhibit delocalized π bonding, a molecule must have ________.

at least two π bonds

at least two resonance structures

at least three σ bonds

at least four atoms

trigonal planar electron domain geometry

The bond order of a homonuclear diatomic molecule can be decreased by ________.

removing electrons from a bonding MO or adding electrons to an antibonding MO

adding electrons to a bonding MO or removing electrons from an antibonding MO

adding electrons to any MO

removing electrons from any MO

The bond order of a homonuclear diatomic molecule cannot be decreased by any means.

For molecules with only one central atom, how many lone pairs on the central atom guarantees molecular polarity?

1

2

1 or 2

3

1 or 3

f the following, the central atom is sp3d2 hybridized only in ________.

PCl5

XeF4

PH3

Br3-

BeF2

The electron-domain geometry and the molecular geometry of a molecule of the general formula ABn will always be the same if ________.

there are no lone pairs on the central atom

there is more than one central atom

n is greater than four

n is less than four

the octet rule is obeyed

The more effectively two atomic orbitals overlap, ________.

the more bonding MOs will be produced by the combination

the higher will be the energy of the resulting bonding MO and the lower will be the energy of the resulting antibonding MO

the higher will be the energies of both bonding and antibonding MOs that result

the fewer antibonding MOs will be produced by the combination

the lower will be the energy of the resulting bonding MO and the higher will be the energy of the resulting antibonding MO

according to valence bond theory, which orbitals overlap in the formation of the bond in HCl?

1s on H and 2p on Cl

2s on H and 3p on Cl

1s on H and 3s on Cl

1s on H and 3p on Cl

1s on H and 4p on Cl

In a typical multiple bond, the σ bond results from overlap of ________ orbitals and the π bond(s) result from overlap of ________ orbitals.

hybrid, atomic

hybrid, hybrid

atomic, hybrid

hybrid, hybrid or atomic

hybrid or atomic, hybrid or atomic

Of the following molecules, only ________ is polar.

CCl4

BCl3

NCl3

BeCl2

Cl2

The hybrid orbitals used for bonding by the sulfur atom in the SF4 molecule are ________ orbitals.

sp

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

A molecular orbital can accommodate a maximum of ________ electron(s).

1

2

4

6

12

Using the VSEPR model, the molecular geometry of the central atom in CH4 is ________.

linear

trigonal planar

tetrahedral

bent

trigonal pyramidal

Based on molecular orbital theory, the bond order of the Be Be bond in the Be2 molecule is ________.

0

1

2

3

4

The more effectively two atomic orbitals overlap, ________.

the more bonding MOs will be produced by the combination

the higher will be the energy of the resulting bonding MO and the lower will be the energy of the resulting antibonding MO

the higher will be the energies of both bonding and antibonding MOs that result

the fewer antibonding MOs will be produced by the combination

the lower will be the energy of the resulting bonding MO and the higher will be the energy of the resulting antibonding MO

In comparing the same two atoms bonded together, the ________ the bond order, the ________ the bond length, and the ________ the bond energy.

smaller, longer, smaller

greater, greater, greater

greater, longer, greater

greater, shorter, smaller

smaller, greater, greater

________ hybrid orbitals are used for bonding by Xe in the XeF4 molecule.

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

sp

The Lewis structure of carbon monoxide is given below. The hybridizations of the carbon and oxygen atoms in carbon monoxide are ________ and ________, respectively.

: C ≡ O :

sp, sp3

sp2, sp3

sp3, sp2

sp, sp

sp2, sp2

According to MO theory, overlap of two s atomic orbitals produces ________.

one bonding molecular orbital and one hybrid orbital

two bonding molecular orbitals

two bonding molecular orbitals and two antibonding molecular orbitals

two bonding molecular orbitals and one antibonding molecular orbital

one bonding molecular orbital and one antibonding molecular orbital

The carbon-carbon σ bond in ethylene, H2C=CH2, results from the overlap of ________.

sp hybrid orbitals

sp3 hybrid orbitals

sp2 hybrid orbitals

s atomic orbitals

p atomic orbitals

Using the VSEPR model, the electron-domain geometry of the central atom in O3 is ________.

linear trigonal planar

tetrahedral

trigonal bipyramidal

octahedral

The molecular geometry of ________ is square planar.

CCl4

XeF4

PH3

XeF2

ICl3

Of the molecules below, only ________ is polar.

CO2

CH4

PF5

SnF3

H2

The Cl-Si-Cl bond angle in the SiCl2F2 molecule is approximately ________.

90°

109.5°

120°

180°

60°

A typical triple bond ________.

consists of one σ bond and two π bonds

consists of three shared electrons

consists of two σ bonds and one π bond

consists of six shared electron pairs

is longer than a single bond

There is/are ________ hybridized s atomic orbital(s) in an sp-hybridized carbon atom.

4

0

3

1

2

A triatomic molecule cannot be linear if the hybridization of the central atoms is ________.

sp

sp2

sp3

sp2 or sp3

sp2d or sp3d2

A typical double bond consists of ________.

three sigma bonds

three pi bonds

one sigma and two pi bonds

one sigma and one pi bond

three ionic bonds

The electron-domain geometry and the molecular geometry of a molecule of the general formula ABn will always be the same if ________.

there are no lone pairs on the central atom

there is more than one central atom

n is greater than four

n is less than four

the octet rule is obeyed

The molecular geometry of the CHF3 molecule is ________, and the molecule is ________.

trigonal pyramidal, polar

tetrahedral, nonpolar

seesaw, nonpolar

tetrahedral, polar

seesaw, polar

The bond angles in a tetrahedral molecule are ________ degrees.

109.5

120

90

45

<45

The molecular geometry of the PHCl2 molecule is ________.

bent

trigonal planar

trigonal pyramidal

tetrahedral

T-shaped

A triatomic molecule cannot be linear if the hybridization of the central atoms is ________.

sp

sp2

sp3

sp2 or sp3

sp2d or sp3d2

The F-N-F bond angle in the NF3 molecule is slightly less than ________.

90°

109.5°

120°

180°

60°

There is/are ________ hybridized s atomic orbital(s) in an sp-hybridized carbon atom.

4

0

3

1

2

The hybrid orbitals used for bonding by the sulfur atom in the SF4 molecule are ________ orbitals.

sp

sp2

sp3

sp3d

sp3d2

The molecular geometry of the BeCl2 molecule is ________, and this molecule is ________.

bent, nonpolar

linear, polar

bent, polar

seesaw, polar

linear, nonpolar

Of the following molecules, only ________ is polar.

BeCl2

BF3

CBr4

SiH2Cl2

Cl2

The F-B-F bond angle in the BF3 molecule is ________.

90°

109.5°

120°

180°

60°

In order to produce sp2 hybrid orbitals, ________ s atomic orbital(s) and ________ p atomic orbital(s) must be mixed.

one, two

one, three

one, one

two, two

two, three