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A&P final part 2

1.

which of the following describes the operation of the heart and blood vessels?
A) sustemic physiology
B) cardiovascular physiology
C) cardiovascular anatomy
D) systemic anatomy

cardiovascular physiology

2.

the study of large body structures, visible to the naked eye, such as the heart is called ______ anatomy
A) microscopic
B) gross
C) systemic
D) developmental

gross

3.

average body temperature is ______ degrees centigrade
A) 98
B) 37
C) 68
D) 47

37

4.

the heart lies in the _____ cavity
A) dorsal
B) pericardial
C) pleural
D) superior mediastinal

pericardial

5.

a structure that is composed of two or more tissue types that work together to perform specific functions for the body is a ______
A) complex cell
B) complex tissue
C) organ
D) organ system

organ

6.

the single most abundant chemical substance of the body, accounting for 60% to 80% of body weight, is ____
A) oxygen
B) water
C) protein
D) hydrogen

water

7.

which term means toward or at the back of the body, behind?
A) distal
B) dorsal
C) lateral
D) anterior

dorsal

8.

which of the following elements is necessary for proper conduction of nervous impulses?
A) P
B) Na
C) Fe
D) I

Na

9.

carbohydrates are stored in the liver and muscles in the form of ____
A) cholesterol
B) glycogen
C) glucose
D) triglycerides

glycogen

10.

salts are always
A) ionic compounds
B) double covalent compounds
C) single covalent compounds
D) hydrogen bonded

ionic compounds

11.

which of the following would be regarde as an organic molecule?
A) CH4
B) H2O
C) NaOH
D) NaCl

CH4

12.

which of the following does not describe uses for the ATP molecule?
A) transport across membranes
B) chemical work
C) pigment structure
D) mechanical work

pigment structure

13.

the posterior knee area is called the _____
A) crural
B) popliteal
C) antecubital
D) sural

popliteal

14.

which of the following is false regarded the membrane potential?
A) in their resting state, all body cells exhibit a resting membrane potential
B) the resting membrane potential occurs due to active transport of ions across the membrane due to the sodium-potassium pump
C) the resting membrane potential is maintained by solely by passive trasport processes
D) the resting membrane potential is determined mainly by the concentration gradients and differential permeability of the plasma membrane to K+ and Na+ ions

the resting membrane potential is maintained solely by passive transport processes

15.

a red blood cell placed in pure water would _____
A) swell initially, then shrink as equilibrium is reached
B) swell and burst
C) shrink
D) neither shrink nor swell

swell and burst

16.

which of the following describes the plasma membrane?
A) a single-layered membrane that surrounds the nucleus of the cell
B) a membrane composed of tiny shelves or cristae
C) a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell
D) a double layer of protein enclosing the plasma

a phospholipid bilayer surrounding the cell

17.

passive membrane transport processes include
A) movement of a substance down its concentration gradient
B) the use of transport proteins when moving substances from areas of low to high concentration
C) consumption of ATP
D) movement of water form an area of high solute concentration to an area of low concentration

movement of a substance down its concentration gradient

18.

mitochondria_____
A) contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function
B) are always the same shape
C) are single membrane structures involved in the breakdown of ATP
D) synthesize proteins for use outside the cell

contain some of the DNA and RNA code necessary for their own function

19.

An oblique cut is one that is cut ____
A) diagonally between vertical and horizontal planes
B) horizontally superior and ingerior
C) vertically right and left
D) perpendicular to vertical and horizontal planes

diagonally between vertical and horizontal planes

20.

which of the following is not found in the matrix of cartilage but is found in bone?
A) blood vessels
B) lacunae
C) organic fibers
D) living cells

blood vessels

21.

the simple columnar epithelium that form absorptive cells of the digestive tract have which characteristic?
A) fibroblasts
B) a rich vascular supply
C) dense microvilli
D) cilia

dense microvilli

22.

the fiber type that gives connective tissure great tensile strength is _______
A) reticular
B) collagen
C) muscle
D) elastic

collagen

23.

groups of cells that are similar in structure and perform a common or related function form an
A) organism
B) organ
C) tissue
D) organ system

organ system

24.

which is true concerning muscle tissue
A) is a single-celled tissue
B) cuboidal shape enhances function
C) contains contractile units made of collagen
D) highly cellular and well vascularized

highly cellular and well vascularized

25.

the first step in tissue repair involves_______
A) replacement of destroyed tissue by the same kind of cells
B) formation of scar tissue
C) inflammation
D) proliferation of fibrous connective tissue

inflammation

26.

similar cells have a common function are called ____

tissues

27.

the hear is _____ to the arm

medial

28.

the _____cavity contains tiny bones that ransmit sound vibrations to the organ of hearing in the inner ear

middle ear cavity

29.

_____ physiology concerns the urine production and kidney function

renal

30.

what is the single most abundant chemical substance in the body

water

31.

____ have a bitter taste, feel slippery, and are proton acceptors.

bases

32.

the _____ molecule directly provides energy for cellular work

ATP

33.

weak acids and bases make good ____

buffers

34.

starch is the stored carbohydrate in plants, while _______ is the stored carbohydrate in animals

glycogen

35.

which metals have a toxic effect on the body?

heavy

36.

water may move through membrane pores constructed by transmembrane proteins called

aquaporins

37.

______ are hollow tubes made of spherical protein subunits called tubulins

microtubules

38.

aerobic cellular respiration occurs in the _____

mitochondria

39.

The most common extracellular ion is ______

sodium

40.

the process of discharging particles from inside a cell to the outside is called

exocytosis

41.

cardiac muscle tissue is uninculeated, has intercalated discs, and is ______

branched

42.

the _____ muscle cells are multinucleated due to the fusion of myoblasts

skeletal

43.

all epithelial tissue rest upon a(n) ______ composed of connective tissue

basement membrane

44.

what distinguishes cancer cells from the cells of benign neoplasms

metastasis

45.

macrophage-like cells are found in many different tissues, and may have specific names that reflect their location or specializations. What is the one functional characteristic common to all macrophage-like cells?

phagocytosis

46.

what can happen when the usual negative feedback mechanisms are overwhelmed and destructive positive feedback mechanisms take over?

doesn't stop once homeostasis is reached

47.

name at least two things you know about enzymes

proteins, lower activation energy

48.

describe two important functions of the Golgi apparatus

packages and sorts proteins

49.

why can we say that a cell without a nucleus will ultimately die?

nucleus is the control center

50.

how is blood unique among connective tissue

a fluid unlike most solid connective tissues