Encephalitis & meningitis are difficult to treat because
A) They are not caused by bacteria.
B) They are caused by viruses.
C) Antibiotics cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier.
D) The infections move along peripheral nerves.
E. Antibiotics damage tissues.

Antibiotics cannot penetrate the blood-brain barrier.

Which of the following statements about sepsis is false?
A) It may be aggravted by antibiotics.
B) Symptoms include fever & decreased blood pressure
C) Symptoms are due to bacterial endotoxin.
D) It usually is caused by gram-positive bacteria.
E) Lymphangitis may occur.

Itusually is caused by gram-positive bacteria.

A 35-year old woman has a red, raised rash on the inside of her thighs. Gram-stained skin scrapings show large budding cells w/pseudohyphae. The infection is caused by
A) Varicella-zoster virus
B) Herpes simplex virus
C) Streptococcus pyogenes
D) Staphylococcus aureus
E) Candida albicans

Candida albicans

Treatment for tetanus in an unimmunized person w/a puncture wound is
A) Tetanus toxoid
B) Tetanus immune globulin.
C) DTaP.
D) Penicillin
E) Debridement

Tetanus immune globulin

Which of the following is NOT caused by a bacterium?
A) Epidemic typhus
B) Malaria
C) Plague
D) Tickborn typhus
E) Relapsing fever

Malaria

A patient complains of fever, severe muscle & joint pain & a rash. The patient reports returning from a caribbean vacation one week ago. Which one of the following do you suspect?
A) Hantavirus hemorrhagic fever
B) Bolivian hemorrhagic fever
C) Yellow fever
D) Dengue
E) Typhus

Dengue

Which of the following pairs does NOT apply to Chagas' disease?
A) Causative agent-T.cruzi
B) Diagnosis- serological tests for antibodies
C) Vector-kissing bug

Diagnosis-serological tests for antibodies

A drug that inhibits mitosis, such as griseofulvin, would be more effective against
A) Fungi
B) Gram-negative bacteria
C) Mycobacteria
D) Gram-positive bacteria
E) Wall-less bacteria

Fungi

Newborns' eyes are treated w/an antibiotic
A) When the mother has genital herpes.
B) When the mother is blind
C) When Neisseria gonorrhoeae is isolated from the eyes
D) When the mother has gonorrhea
E) Always

Always

Bioweapons
A) Are all respiratory pathogens.
B) Are impossible to detect.
C) Are not susceptible to antibiotics
D) Are all viruses.
E) Have been used for centuries.

Have been used for centuries

The etiologic agent of warts is
A) Papovavirus
B) Parvovirus
C) Staphylococcus aureus.
D) Poxvirus.
E) Herpesvirus

Papovavirus

The most effective control of a vector-borne disease is
A) Treatment of infected humans
B) Treatment of infected wild animals
C) Treatment of uninfected humans.
D) Elimination of the vector
E) Avoidance of endemic areas.

Elimination of the vector

An 8-year old girl has scabs and pus-filled vesicles on her face & throat. Three weeks ealier she had visited her grandmother, who had shingles. What infection does the 8-year old have?
A) Scabies
B) Rubella
C) Chickenpox
D) Measles
E) Fever blisters

Chickenpox

Which of the following pairs is mismatched?
A) Pseudomonas aeruginosa- otitis externa
B) Streptococcus pyogenes- erysipelas
C) Propionibacterium acnes- pimples
D) Staphylococcus aureus-impetigo
E) Str. pyogenes- toxic shock syndrome

Propionibacterium acnes- pimples

Which of the following statements about rheumatic fever is false?
A) It is cured w/penicillin
B) It is an inflammation of the joints.
C) It is a complication of a group A beta-hemolytic streptococcal infection.
D) It is an inflammation of the heart.

It is cured with penicillin

-Situation 22.1-
On July 5, an 11 year old girl complained of pain in the knuckles of her left hand. During July 6-7, she had incrasing pain that extended up to the left shoulder. A throat culture was obtained & amoxicillin was prescribed. On July 9, she had difficulty walking & hallucinations. The throat culture was positive for Streptococcus pyogenes. She was treated w/ceftriaxone. On July 11, she was hospitalized with a temperature of 40.7°C & she could not drink. She developed respiratory distress & tachycardia; she died from cardiac arrest. Fluorescent-antibody testing of brain tissue revealed inclusions in the brain stem.

-Situation 22.1-
On July 5, an 11 year old girl complained of pain in the knuckles of her left hand. During July 6-7, she had incrasing pain that extended up to the left shoulder. A throat culture was obtained & amoxicillin was prescribed. On July 9, she had difficulty walking & hallucinations. The throat culture was positive for Streptococcus pyogenes. She was treated w/ceftriaxone. On July 11, she was hospitalized with a temperature of 40.7°C & she could not drink. She developed respiratory distress & tachycardia; she died from cardiac arrest. Fluorescent-antibody testing of brain tissue revealed inclusions in the brain stem.

In situation 22.1, the antibiotics did not cure her disease because the pathogen was
A) Part of her normal microbiota
B) Already growing in her brain.
C) A virus
D) Resistant to antibiotics.
E) Protected by the blood-brain barrier.

A virus

The treatment for tetanus is
A) Antibodies
B) Penicillin
C) Toxoid
D) Cleansing the wound
E) There is not treatment

Antibodies

Which of the following is a symptom of brucellosis?
A) A local infection
B) Undulant fever
C) Jaundice
D) Pneumonia
E) Relapsing fever

Undulant fever

Which of the following is NOT caused by prions?
A) Elk chronic wasting disease
B) Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
C) Rabies
D) Sheep scrapie
E) Kuru

Rabies

A predisposing factor for infection by Clostridium perfringens is
A) Debridement.
B) Gangrene.
C) Hypervabaric treatment.
D) Burns
E) An infected finger

Gangrene

Scabies is transmitted by
A) Fomites
B) Water
C) Food
D) Soil
E) B & C

Fomites

On October 5, a pet store sold a kitten that subsequently died. On October 22, rabies was diagnosed in the kitten. Between September 19 & October 23, the pet store had sold 34 kittens. Approximately 1000 people responded to health care providers following local media alerts. These people were given
A) Antibiotic
B) Rabies Vaccination
C) Antirabies immunoglobulin.
D) Treatment if they tested positive.
E) Serological tests for rabies.

Antirabies immunoglobulin

Which of the following is NOT transmitted by the respiratory route?
A) Haemophilus influenzae
B) Listeria monocytogenes
C) Neisseria meningitidis
D) Cryptococcus neoformans
E) All of the above are transmitted by the respiratory route.

Listeria monocytogenes

Which of the following is NOT normal microbiota of the skin?
A) Staphylococcus
B) Corynebacterium
C) Pityrosporum
D) Streptococcus
E) Propionibacterium

Streptococcus

A 1-year old boy was listless, irritable, and sleepy. Capsulated gram-negative rods were cultured from his cerebrospinal fluid. His symptoms were caused by
A) Clostridium tetani.
B) A prion.
C) Neisseria meningitidis.
D) Rabies
E) Haemophilus influenzae

Haemophilus influenzae

You advise your pregnant friend to give her cat away because
A) She could contract plague.
B) She could get toxoplasmosis
C) You don't like cats & want to see your friend without one.
D) She could give the cat tularemia
E) She could get listeriosis.

She could get toxoplasmosis

Which of the following is NOT transmitted by the respiratory route?
A) Chickenpox
B) Rubella
C) Trichophyton
D) Smallpox
E) Measles

Trichophyton

Which of the following is used to treat candidiasis?
A) Fungicide
B) Sulfonamide
C) Trifluridine
D) Penicillin
E) None of the above

Fungicide

Which of the following is sensitive to penicillin?
A) Herpesvirus
B) Pseudomonas
C) Streptococcus
D) Candida
E) Chlamydia

Streptococcus

A possible complication of herpetic keratitis is
A) Macular rash
B) Subacute sclerosing panencephalitits.
C) Congenital rubella syndrome
D) Fever blisters
E) Encephalitis

Encephalitis

The etiologic agent of chickenpox is
A) Herpes simplex.
B) Parvovirus.
C) Herpes zoster
D) HHV-6
E) Poxvirus.

Herpes zoster

Mebendazole is used to treat cestode infections. It interferes w/microtubule formation; therefore, it would NOT affect
A) Human cells
B) Protozoa
C) Fungi
D) Bacteria
E) Helminths

Bacteria

Which of the following is NOT a zoonosis?
A) Hantavirus infection
B) Anthrax
C) Brucellosis
D) Puerperal sepsis
E) Tularemia

Puerperal sepis

Thrush & vagnitis are caused by
A) Chlamydia trachomatis
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Herpesvirus
D) Streptococcus pyogenes
E) Candida albicans

Candida albicans

Which of the following statements about tularemia is false?
A)It occurs only in California.
B)It may be transmitted by direct contact.
C)It may by arthropods.
D)The reservoir is rabbits.
E) It is caused by Francisella tularensis.

It occurs only in California

Which of the following statements about schistosomiasis is false?
A) The intermediate host is an aquatic snail.
B) The cercaria penetrate human skin.
C) It is caused by a roundworm
D) The female worm is attached to the male.

The female worm is attached to the male.

Which of the following is treated with antibiotics?
A) Tetanus
B) Polio
C) Streptococcal pneumonia
D) Botulism
E) All of the above

Streptococcal pneumonia

Human-to -human transmission of plague is usually by
A) Wounds
B) The respiratory route
C) Unsanitary conditions
D) Dog flea
E) Rat flea

The respiratory route

The patient has vesicles & scabs over her forehead. Microscopic examination of the skin scrapings shows gram-positive cocci in clusters. The etiology is
A) Candida
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Microsporum
D) Sarcoptes
E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Staphylococcus aureus

All of the above questions have been graded & now this set of notecards is 100% accurate! Hope they are helpful~

All of the above questions have been graded & now this set of notecards is 100% accurate! Hope they are helpful~