Which of the following is a part of the adaptive immune system?

B-cells

Which of the following is a white blood cell that has the primary job of ingesting foreign material?

Macrophage

Which of the following stimulates the production of antibodies?

Vaccine

Which of the following types of defense can be gained through the placenta, breast milk, or by receiving a serum containing antibodies?

Passive immunity

Which of the following processes occurs during tubular reabsorption?

Useful material moves from filtrate back into the bloodstream.

Which of the following correctly describes the function of a structure in the circulatory system?

The pulmonary artery contains oxygen-poor blood.

Which of the following structures of the heart contains oxygen- rich blood?

Pulmonary veins

Which of the following components of the blood oxygen carries from the lungs to the rest of the body?

Hemoglobin

Which of the following liquids emulsifies lipids during digestion?

Bile

Which of the following terms refers to the involuntary waves of contractions in the digestive system that move food through the gastrointestinal tract?

Peristalsis

Which of the following terms refers to the part of the nervous system that causes skeletal muscle contractions?

Somatic division

Renal arteries are defined as which of the following?

Branches of the abdominal aorta that supply the kidneys

Which of the following results from a deficit in the production of thyrotropin-releasing hormone?

The thyroid gland does not produce a sufficient amount of its primary hormone.

Which of the following hormones is released and stimulates uterine contractions during childbirth?

Oxytocin

Which of the following is a mechanism that stimulates glandular secretions to continue to increase, temporarily pushing levels further out of homeostasis, until a particular biological effect is reached?

Positive feedback

Inhibited function of the sweat glands could result in which of the following?

Loss of the ability to regulate body temperature

Which of the following provides a practical means of warming the body via integumental thermoregulation?

Cutaneous vasoconstriction

Which of the following is a result of inhibited osteoblast function at the epiphyseal plate?

Mineralization will not occur in this location.

If mineral resorption is prevented, and calcium is not removed from bone, which of the following occurs?

The resulting pathology is called hypcalcemia.

Which of the following terms refers to a self- contained part of an organism that performs a specific function?

Organ

Which of the following terms refers to the small passages of the respiratory system that terminate in air sacs?

Bronchioles

Which of the following scenarios would result in a human zygote containing 47 chromosomes instead of the typical 46 chromosomes ?

The chromosomes do not separate properly during meiosis.

Which of the following structures transports female gametes?

Fallopian tube

Which of the following processes occurs within the cell nucleus?

Transcription producing mRNA

Which of the following describes the function of acetylcholine in a neuromuscular junction?

Binds to receptor proteins on the sarcolemma, which results in the opening of sodium channels

Which of the following is the function of myelin in the nervous system?

To insulate axons

Which of the following is considered the fundamental contraction unit of striated muscle?

Sarcomere

Which of the following hormones inhibits osteoblasts and stimulates osteoclasts to increase blood calcium levels?

Parathyroid hormone

According to the sliding filament theory, which ion binds with troponin on the actin myofilaments, causing the myosin-binding sites to be exposed?

Calcium

Which of the following cell types can differentiate to become several other types of cells?

Stem cells

Viral DNA that has been inserted into the host DNA would be found in which of the following?

Nucleus

Which of the following is a unique feature of mitosis?

Production of identical daughter cells

Which of the following macromolecule groups contain enzymes?

Proteins

How does genetic information result in linking a particular sequence of amino acids to make a protein?

DNA serves as a template for the production of messenger RNA, and transfer RNA molecules serve as "bridges" between that mRNA and amino acids.

In Mendelian inheritance, which of the following is a condition of an F₁ monohybrid cross?

A cross is made between parents that are heterozygous at one specific gene?

Atomic mass has a decimal because it is the average ___________ of all the isotopes for a particular element. The atomic number of an element is the number of ___________ in its nucleus.

mass; protons

The molecular formula for glucose is C₆H₁₂O₆. This molecule is made up of 24 ___________ and 3 ___________.

atoms; elements

On the periodic table, the number of which of the following particles in each element increases as you move down in periods and toward the right of the periodic table?

Protons

The direct transition from a solid to a gas may occur through which of the following processes?

Sublimation

In a redox reaction, the species in the reaction that loses the electron is ___________, and the species that gains the electron is ___________.

oxidized; reduced

If a penny has the mass of 2.5 ___________, it can also be said to have a mass of 250 ___________.

grams; centigrams

Which of the following measurements are based on SI Units?

Decigram

Which of the following formulas can be used to measure the volume of a rectangular box?

Volume - height x length x width

Which of the following best describes a conclusion?

An end judgment based on data

During the Spring and Summer months, Ian counted the number of birds he saw at dusk and the number of insects he saw at night. He notices that the more birds he counted, the fewer insects he observed. Which of the following types of relationships did Ian observe?

A correlation

A group of students want to test the effects of chewing gum on test performance. Which of the following is the most appropriate control?

Not chewing gum during the test

An experimental design must ___________ bias and ___________ precision and accuracy of the data.

minimize; maximize