A "dead lift" exercise is divided into two phases.

True or False?

TRUE

A sideward deviation of the spine is known as scoliosis.

True or False?

TRUE

A substantial number of low back problems are caused by improper use of the back over time.

True or False?

TRUE

All of the erector spinae muscles run horizontally parallel to the spinal column.

True or False?

FALSE

All of the following are key bony landmarks of the knee joint except?

GERDY'S CONDYLE

All of the following are open chain exercises except for _____.

SQUAT

All three of the vasti muscles of quadriceps originate on proximal femur and insert on patellar superior pole.

True or False?

TRUE

Which of the following is not considered very important in skillful performance of physical activity and body maintenance from a kinesiological perspective?

POWER

Which of the following is not correct regarding menisci in the knee joint?

DECREASE STABILITY

Which of the following is not correct regarding the knee joint proper?

REFERRED AS TROCHOGINGLYMUS

Which of the following is not true regarding strength and endurance being essential for maintenance of patellofemoral stability?

ARE NOT OFTEN A PROBLEM

Which of the following is not true regarding the bursae of the knee?

BURSAE ARE COMPOSED MAINLY OF FATTY TISSUE

An individual will develop adequate muscular strength, endurance, and flexibility through participation in sport activities.

True or False?

FALSE

Articular cartilage is located on the surfaces of both the femur and tibia.

True or False?

TRUE

As the knee approaches full extension the tibia must externally rotate approximately 10 degrees to achieve proper alignment of the tibial and femoral condyles.

True or False?

TRUE

During the arm pull/leg push phase of rowing exercise the shoulder joint performs extension.

True or False?

TRUE

During the lifting phase of a "dead lift" exercise the agonist muscles of the wrist and hand include all of the following except?

QUADRATUS LUMBORUM

During the lifting phase of a "dead lift" exercise the agonist muscles of the hip include all of the following except?

VASTUS MEDIALIS

During the lowering phase of a "dead lift" exercise the agonist muscles of the knee include all of the following except?

SEMIMBRANOSUS

During the return phase of rowing exercise the hip joint performs flexion.

True or False?

TRUE

During the return phase of rowing exercise the wrist and hand joints perform extension.

True or False?

FALSE

Which of the following statements is not correct regarding the abdominal muscles?

BOTH ABOVE CHOICES ARE CORRECT

Which of the following statements is not true regarding the "bent knee sit-up" exercise?

THE STRENGTH OF THE ERECTOR SPINAE MUSCLES ARE BENEFITED SIGNIFICANTLY THROUGH THIS EXERCISE

Which of the following statements is true regarding the action of the quadriceps muscle group during squatting?

WHEN THE DESCENT IS AT THE SAME SPEED AS GRAVITY NO MUSCULAR CONTROL IS EXERTED

During the squat the hip flexors are strengthened by ______.

NONE OF THE ABOVE

Each thoracic vertebrae has one pair of ribs that attaches to it laterally.

True or False?

TRUE

Reduction of the spine is defined as a return movement from lateral flexion to a neutral position.

True or False?

TRUE

Sit-ups are an excellent exercise for strengthening the erector spinae muscles.

True or False?

TRUE

Six pairs of ribs attach directly to the sternum via a separate costal cartilage.

True or False?

FALSE

how many pairs of ribs attach directly to the sternum via a separate costal cartilage ?

SEVEN PAIRS

Spinal flexion is defined as anterior movement of the spine where the head moves toward chest and the thorax moves toward pelvis.

True or False?

TRUE

Tears in menisci can occur due both compression and shear forces during rotation while flexing or extending during quick directional changes in running.

True or False?

TRUE

The _____ vertebrae serve as a link between the pelvic girdle and the thoracic spine-rib cage?

LUMBAR

The _____ vertebrae serve as a link between the thoracic spine-rib cage and the head?

CERVICAL

The ________ process can be palpated on the posterior surface of the spine when it is flexed:

SPINOUS

The "alternating prone extension" exercise can be broken down to two separate phases.

True or False?

TRUE

The "SAID Principle" indicates that strength gains beyond the range of motion utilized in the training are usually minimal.

True or False?

TRUE

The "SAID Principle" is applicable in every form of muscle training as well as to the systems of body.

True or False?

TRUE

The abdominal curl-up does not strengthen the internal and external oblique abdominals unless trunk rotation is included.

True or False?

FALSE

The abdominal curl-up strengthens the abdominal muscles through ____.

ECCENTRIC CONTRACTIONS

The abdominal curl-up strengthens the hip flexors.

True or False?

TRUE

The alternating prone extension strengthens the trunk extensors through ____.

CONCENTRIC THROUGH LIFTING PHASE

The anterior and posterior cruciate ligaments are located on the outermost anterior and posterior surfaces of the knee joint.

True or False?

TRUE

The biceps femoris inserts primarily on the head of the fibula.

True or False?

TRUE

The dead lift is a closed kinetic chain exercise.

True or False?

FALSE

The dead lift strengthens the knee extensors through ____.

ECCENTRIC DURING LOWERING

The diaphragm depresses and draws the central tendon forward during exhalation.

True or False?

FALSE

The erector spinae iliocostalis are considered to be agonist muscles during extension of the spine.

True or False?

TRUE

The external oblique abdominal inserts on the _____.

ILLIUM

The femoral condyles articulate with the fibular condyles during flexion of the knee.

True or False?

FALSE

The femoral condyles articulate with the fibular condyles during flexion or extension of the knee?

EXTENSION

The femoral nerve innervates all of the following muscles except?

BICEPS FEMORIS

The fibula is not part of the ginglymus articulation of the knee joint.

True or False?

TRUE

The gastrocnemius and soleus are strengthened in the lowering phase of the squat due to their eccentric contractions.

True or False?

TRUE

The hamstring muscles function as a decelerator of the knee when decreasing speed to change direction and especially when landing from a jump.

True or False?

FALSE

The horizontal indentations that transect the rectus abdominis, giving it a segmented appearance is the linea alba.

True or False?

FALSE

The lateral indentations that transect the rectus abdominis, giving it a segmented appearance is the linea alba?

True or False?

TRUE

The iliotibial tract of the tensor fasciae latae inserts on Gerdy's condyle.

True or False?

TRUE

Compared to an untrained person, a well-trained person will see relatively minor improvements in the amount of weight that can be lifted over the same period of time.

True or False?

TRUE

Concentric muscle actions are the shortening contraction of muscles against gravity or a resistance.

True or False?

TRUE

During the arm pull/leg push phase of rowing exercise the knee joint performs flexion.

True or False?

FALSE

During the arm pull/leg push phase of rowing exercise the knee joint performs flexion or extension?

EXTENSION

The internal oblique abdominal inserts on the _____.

Costal cartilage of 8th,9th, 10th ribs, and linea alba

The knee joint can extend to 180 degrees normally although some individuals can extend slightly further.

True or False?

TRUE

The knee joint is the largest joint in the body.

True or False?

TRUE

The lateral collateral ligament is more frequently injured than other knee joint ligaments.

True or False?

FALSE

The lateral collateral ligament originates on the lateral femoral condyle distally to popliteus origin and inserts on the fibular head.

True or False?

FALSE

The lateral fibula serves as the attachment for knee joint structures but does not articulate with the femur or patella.

True or False?

TRUE

The linea alba runs vertically from the xiphoid process through the umbilicus to the pubis and divides the rectus abdominis.

True or False?

TRUE

The location of the erector spinae muscles enables them to extend spine and assist in rotation and lateral flexion.

True or False?

TRUE

The medial collateral ligament originates on the medial aspect of upper medial femoral condyle and inserts on medial tibial surface.

True or False?

TRUE

The most common serious knee ligament injury involves the _____.

ACL

The movement that occurs between the superior and inferior articular processes of the vertebral facet joints is characterized as ____.

GLIDING

The normal curves of the cervical and lumbar spines are lordotic.

True or False?

TRUE

The only uniarticular knee flexor is the _____.

VASTUS MEDIALIS

The patella is classified as an "irregular" bone because it is imbedded in the patellar tendon.

True or False?

FALSE

The patella is classified as an "irregular" bone because it is imbedded in the patellar tendon or quadriceps femoris?

QUADRICEPS FEMORIS

The patella serves as a pulley by improving the angle of pull with the result being a greater mechanical advantage for the quadriceps during knee extension.

True or False?

TRUE

The pelvic girdle rotates as a unit due to movement occurring in hip and lumbar spine.

True or False?

TRUE

The pes anserinus tendinous expansion is comprised from the ______.

Gracilis, sartorius, semitendinous.

The popliteus originates on the medial aspect of lateral femoral condyle.

True or False?

FALSE

The popliteus originates on the medial or lateral aspect of lateral femoral condyle ?

LATERAL

The posterior portion of the trunk contains the abdominal muscles.

True or False?

FALSE

The primary movers in cervical spine extension (against resistance) are the:

ERECTOR SPINAE

The Q angle is usually ____ or less for males and ___ or less for females.

15 , 20

The quadriceps muscle group functions as a decelerator to knee joint flexion in weight-bearing movements by contracting concentrically to prevent too rapid of a downward movement.

True or False?

FALSE

The quadriceps muscles perform eccentric contractions during accelerating actions.

True or False?

FALSE

The rectus abdominis muscle can control the tilt of the pelvis when contracting.

True or False?

TRUE

The rectus femoris is more powerful in extending the knee when the hip is in _____.

FLEXION

The rowing exercise is a closed kinetic chain exercise.

True or False?

TRUE

The sartorius, gracilis, and semitendinosus all insert just below the medial condyle on upper anteromedial tibial surface.

True or False?

TRUE

The semimembranosus inserts anteromedially on the medial tibial condyle.

True or False?

FALSE

The semimembranosus is located posteromedially and internally rotates the knee.

True or False?

TRUE

The semitendinosus is located laterally and internally rotates the knee.

True or False?

FALSE

The specific needs of each individual must be specifically addressed when designing an exercise program.

True or False?

TRUE

The spinous processes are located anterior with respect to the vertebral bodies.

True or False?

FALSE

The squat and dead lift are similar in that they both strengthen the ____.

HIP EXTENSORS

The tibia bears the majority of the weight as compared to the fibula.

True or False?

TRUE

The tibial division of the sciatic nerve innervates all of the following muscles except?

SARTORIUS

The trunk is composed of the _______.

Thoracic Spine, Rib Cage, Pelvic Girdle

The vastus lateralis provides a _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.

SUPEROLATERAL

The vastus medialis provides a _____ pull on the patella when contracting concentrically.

SUPEROMEDIAL

The vertebral column has 32 pairs of spinal nerves.

True or False?

FALSE

The vertebral column has 32 or 31 pairs of spinal nerves?

31

The vertebral column is composed of 24 articulating vertebrae.

True or False?

TRUE

Vertebrae increase in size from the cervical to the lumbar region because the lower back supports more weigh.

True or False?

TRUE

When performing a "squat" exercise the hip is extended during the lowering phase.

True or False?

FALSE

When performing the up portion of the sit-up with rotation to the left, which of the following muscles are utilized the most?

Left internal oblique abdominal and right external oblique abdominal

When using free weights for strength training it is important to ensure that one group of muscles is not overdeveloped and another is underdeveloped.

True or False?

TRUE

Which if the following muscles contract concentrically to cause cervical flexion, left cervical rotation, and right cervical lateral flexion?

RIGHT STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID

Which if the following muscles contract concentrically to cause extension of the head, right cervical rotation, and right cervical lateral flexion?

RIGHT SPLENIUS CAPITIS

Which of the following actions is performed during the arm pull/leg push phase of rowing exercise?

EXTENSION

Which of the following actions is performed during the return phase of rowing exercise?

FLEXION

Which of the following is correct regarding the patellofemoral joint?

Classified as an arthrodial type joint

Which of the following is not a phase of "sit-up" exercise?

STARTING PHASE

Which of the following is not an agonist muscle of hip extension when performing "alternating prone extension" exercise?

Vastus medialis

Which of the following is not an agonist muscle of shoulder flexion when performing "alternating prone extension" exercise?

Tricep brachii