Antigen converts these into plasma cells.

B cells

p. 480

Involved in cell-mediated immunity.

T cells

p. 480

Directed against transplanted tissue cells & cancer cells.

T cells

p.480

Have been influenced by the thymus.

T cells

p.480

Defend mainly against bacteria & viruses circulating in blood & lymph.

B cells

p.480

Responsible for rejection of foreign tissue transplants.

T cells

p.480

Based on antibodies produced as a result of recovery from a disease.

Naturally acquired active immunity

p. 498

Passed to fetus by transplacental transfer.

Naturally acquired passive immunity

p. 498

Passed to recipient by injection of gamma globulin blood fraction from other people.

Artificially acquired passive immunity

p. 498

Based on production of antibodies by vaccination.

Naturally acquired passive immunity

p. 498

An incomplete antigen that will react w/antibodies but will not, by itself, stimulate their formation.

Hapten

p. 481

The number of determinant sites on an antigen or antibody.

Valence

*ppt = powerpoint

The soure of B cells & T cells.

Stem cells

*ppt

Chemical messengers by which cells of immune system communicate w/each other.

Cytokines

The relative strength of the antigen-antibody bond.

Affinity

p. 487

A pentamer; the first antibody class to appear, though comparatively short-lived.

IgM

p. 483

The most abundant immunoglobulin in serum.

IgG

p. 483

Functions of this immunoglobulin class are not well defined, but it is found on the surface of B cells.

IgD

p. 484

Involved in allergic reactions, such as hay fever.

IgE

p. 484

Often forms dimers of 2 immunoglobulin monomers.

IgA

p. 484

Synonym for antigens.

Immunogens

B cells that interact w/self-antgens are destroyed.

Clonal deletion

p. 485

Protein bound to IgA immunoglobulins.

Secretory component

Blood fration that contains most of the serum immunoglobulins.

Gamma globulin

p. 498

Antigenic; will stimulate the production of antitoxins.

Toxoid

*(double check this one)

Activated B cell proliferates into a large clone of cells, some of which will differentiate into plasma cells.

Clonal selection

p. 485

CD4+

T helper cells (TH)

p. 490

CD8+

T cytotoxic cells (TC)

p. 493

Can differentiate into CTLs.

T cytotoxic cells

p. 493

Present T-dependent antigens to B cells.

XX unknown....help :o(

Recognize & target cells that carry endogenous antigens.

T cytotoxic cells

p. 493

Requires assitance of a T helper cell to form antibodies.

T-dependent antigen

p. 485

Typically a protein.

T-dependent antigen

p. 485

Typically a polysaccharide such as a bacterial capsule.

T-independent antigen

p. 485

Cytokine that inhibits viral infections.

Interferon

p. 496

Released by a cytotoxic T lymphocyte to lyse a target cell.

Perforin

p. 493

Stem region of an antibody molecule.

Fc

*ppt slide 17.3

Programmed cell death.

Apoptosis

p. 493

First breast milk secretions of mammal.

Colostrum

p. 498

Adjective applied to a component in IgA that protects it from enzyme activity.

Plasma

Adjective applied to the cells that actually produce antibodies after a B cell is stimulated by an antigen.

XX unknown....help :o(

Usual configuration of IgA

Dimer

Clumping of antigens when binding w/antibodies.

Agglutination

Coating of target cell w/antibody that enhances phagocytosis.

Opsonization

Coating of target cell w/antibody that leads to lysis by substances secreted by immune cells external to the target cell.

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity

Releative amont of antibody in the serum.

Antibody titer.

Communicate between leukocytes.

Interleukins

p. 496

A factor in inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis.

Tumor necrosis factor

p. 496

Control pathways by which stem cells develop into different red or white blood cells.

Hematopoietic cytokines

p. 497

Induce migration of leukocytes into areas of infection.

Chemokines

p. 496

Resistance present at birth that does not involve humoral or cell-mediated immunity is ____________________________ immunity.

Natural acquired passive

p. 498

A(n) ___________ site is specific chemical group on an antigen that combines with the antibody.

XX unknown....help :o(

The five monomers that constitute the IgM molecule are held together by a ________________.

joining chain

p. 483

The antibody ________________ is the measured amount of antibody in the serum.

antiserum

p. 498
*not sure about this answer

Certain lymphocytes called ________ cells kill virus-infected cells & tumor cells, but are not immunologically specific. They contact & kill the target cells.

NK (natural killer)

p. 495

B cells derive their name from an organ in poultry, the ___________.

bursa of Fabricius

p. 480

CD is short for cluster of ___________.

XX unknown....help :o(

Low-molecular-weight substances such as penicillin that do not (by themselves) cause formation of antibodies are known immunologically as ___________.

haptens

p. 481

The second time we encounter an antigen, our immune response is faster & more intense; this is termed the ______ response.

secondary

Some antibodies are poorer matches for an antigen than others; they are said to have less _________.

XX unknown....help :o(

The subpopulation of T cells that mostly activate cells related to cell-mediated immunity such as macrophages, CD8+ T cells, & natural killer cell is _____________.

XX unknown....help :o(

An antigen-presenting cell (APC)that is not efficient at phagocytosis, but is the most important in APC, is called a_________.

XX unknown....help :o(