1) All of the following are normal microbiota of the skin EXCEPT

A) Streptococcus.

B) Micrococcus.

C) Staphylococcus.

A

2) An eight-year-old girl has scabs and pus-filled vesicles on her face and throat. Three weeks earlier she had visited her grandmother, who had shingles. What infection does the eight-year-old have?

A) chickenpox

B) measles

C) fever blisters

A

3) Which of the following is NOT true of acne?

A) It can be treated by eliminating fatty foods from the diet.

B) It is often due to the action of Propionibacterium.

C) Drugs that inhibit sebum formation are useful in treating inflammatory acne.

A

4) Warts are caused by

A) papillomavirus.

B) poxvirus.

C) herpesvirus.

A

5) All of the following are characteristic of Pseudomonas aeruginosa EXCEPT

A) gram-positive cell wall.

B) resistance to many types of disinfectants and antibiotics.

C) growth in moist environments.

A

6) Koplik spots are a diagnostic indicator of

A) chickenpox.

B) smallpox.

C) fifth disease.

D) rubella.

E) measles.

E

7) All of the following are transmitted via the respiratory route EXCEPT

A) smallpox.

B) chickenpox.

C) rubella.

D) tinea.

D

8) All of the following are protective factors of the skin and its secretions EXCEPT

A) keratin.

B) tightly packed cells.

C) lysozyme production.

D) pyocyanin production.

D

9) Thrush and vaginitis are caused by

A) herpesvirus.

B) Chlamydia trachomatis.

C) Candida albicans.

C

10) The greatest single cause of blindness in the world is

A) neonatal gonorrheal ophthalmia.

B) keratoconjunctivitis.

C) trachoma.

C

11) All of the following are characteristic of the Group A beta-hemolytic streptococci EXCEPT

A) methicillin resistance.

B) M proteins.

C) the ability to damage cell membranes.

A

12) Which of the following cause(s) ringworm?

A) Microsporum

B) Epidermophyton

C) Mycobacterium

D) Microsporum and Epidermophyton

D

13) Newborns' eyes are treated with an antibiotic

A) when Neisseria gonorrhoeae is isolated from the eyes.

B) when the mother is blind.

C) when the mother has genital herpes.

D) when the mother has gonorrhea.

E) as a routine precaution.

E

14) A possible complication of chickenpox is

A) encephalitis.

B) fever blisters.

C) subacute sclerosing panencephalitis.

A

15) Which of the following is a subcutaneous mycosis?

A) tinea capitis.

B) sporotrichosis.

C) erysipelas.

B

16) Which region of the skin supports the largest bacterial population?

A) armpits

B) scalp

C) forearms

A

17) Staphylococcus aureus is responsible for all of the following EXCEPT

A) pimples.

B) sties.

C) boils.

D) carbuncles.

E) acne.

E

18) Exfoliative toxin is responsible for

A) otitis externa.

B) impetigo.

C) fever blisters.

D) scalded skin syndrome.

D

19) All of the following are causative agents of conjunctivitis EXCEPT

A) Chlamydia trachomatis.

B) herpes simplex.

C) adenovirus.

B

20) In which of the following respects is measles similar to German measles (rubella)?

A) They have a similar type of rash.

B) They are caused by the same virus.

C) Encephalitis is a possible complication.

D) Congenital complications may occur.

E) They can be controlled by vaccination.

E

21) Why is vaccination for rubella recommended?

A) It has a high mortality rate in school-age children.

B) Death from secondary infections is common.

C) There is a high incidence of congenital infections and birth defects.

C

22) Which of the following statements about congenital rubella syndrome is FALSE?

A) It is contracted during the first trimester of pregnancy.

B) It may be fatal to the unborn child.

C) It may result in deafness, blindness, and mental retardation.

D) It does not occur with subclinical infections.

D

23) Which of the following are incorrectly matched?

A) varicella-zoster — chickenpox

B) parvovirus — fifth disease

C) HHV-6 — roseola

D) herpes zoster — shingles

E) poxvirus — fever blisters

E

24) Which of the following is NOT caused by HSV-1?

A) cold sores

B) canker sores

C) herpes gladiatorum

B

25) Which of the following statements about Reye syndrome is FALSE?

A) It is associated with aspirin use.

B) It is a complication that may occur in chickenpox infection.

C) It mostly affects older adults.

C

26) The eradication of smallpox was possible because

A) it was a relatively mild disease.

B) insect vectors were eliminated.

C) there are no animal reservoirs of the virus.

C

27) Which of the following is used to treat herpetic keratitis?

A) penicillin

B) sulfonamide

C) trifluridine

C

28) Which of the following is used to treat shingles?

A) penicillin

B) sulfonamide

C) trifluridine

D) fungicide

E) acyclovir

E

29) Which of the following is used to treat sporotrichosis?

A) penicillin

B) sulfonamide

C) trifluridine

D) oral potassium iodide

D

30) Which of the following is used to treat candidiasis of the skin or mucous membranes?

A) penicillin

B) sulfonamide

C) trifluridine

D) miconazole

D

31) Scabies is a skin disease caused by a

A) slow virus.

B) protozoan.

C) mite.

C

32) Scabies is transmitted by

A) fomites.

B) food.

C) water.

A

33) A patient has pus-filled vesicles and scabs on her face, throat, and lower back. She most likely has

A) measles.

B) mumps.

C) chickenpox.

C

34) Which of the following leads to all the others?

A) toxemia

B) scalded skin syndrome

C) staphylococcal infection

C

35) Buruli ulcer is caused by

A) gram-positive bacteria.

B) acid-fast bacteria.

C) a fungus.

B

36) The patient has a papular rash. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings reveals small eight-legged animals. The etiology is

A) Candida.

B) Microsporum.

C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

D) Staphylococcus aureus.

E) Sarcoptes.

E

37) The patient has vesicles and scabs over her forehead. Microscopic examination of skin scrapings shows gram-positive cocci in clusters. The etiology is

A) Candida.

B) Microsporum.

C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

D) Staphylococcus aureus.

D

38) The patient has scaling skin on his fingers. Conidiospores are seen in microscopic examination of skin scrapings. The etiology is

A) Candida.

B) Microsporum.

C) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

B

39) A 45-year-old man has pus-filled vesicles distributed over his back in the upper right quadrant, over his right shoulder, and upper right quadrant of his chest. His symptoms are most likely due to

A) Candida albicans.

B) herpes simplex virus.

C) Staphylococcus aureus.

D) Streptococcus pyogenes.

E) varicella-zoster virus.

E

40) A 35-year-old woman has a red, raised rash on the inside of her thighs. Gram-stained skin scrapings show large budding cells with pseudohyphae. The infection is caused by

A) Candida albicans.

B) herpes simplex virus.

C) Staphylococcus aureus.

A

41) Which of the following is incorrectly matched?

A) Haemophilus influenzae — pinkeye

B) Chlamydia trachomatis — trachoma

C) Neisseria gonorrhea — opthalmia neonatorum

D) Acanthamoeba — keratitis

E) Pseudomonas — inclusion conjunctivitis

E

42) Assume that your lab partner swabs the side of his face and uses the swab to inoculate a nutrient agar plate. The next day, he performs a Gram stain on the colonies. They are gram-positive cocci. You advise him that he should next look for

A) an acid-fast reaction.

B) a coagulase reaction.

C) conidiospores.

B

43) Which of the following pairs is mismatched?

A) chickenpox — poxvirus

B) conjunctivitis — Chlamydia trachomatis

C) keratitis — Acanthamoeba

A

44) A 17-year-old boy has pus-filled cysts on his face and upper back. Microscopic examination reveals gram-positive rods. This infection is caused by

A) Acanthamoeba.

B) herpes simplex virus.

C) Propionibacterium acnes.

C

45) Which of the following is likely to spread MRSA among athletes?

A) physical contact

B) whirlpool baths

C) taping gels

D) shared equipment

E) All of the answers are correct.

E

46) Inflammation of the thin clear membrane lining the eyelid and eye is properly termed

A) keratititis

B) trachoma

C) ophthalmia neonatorum

D) conjunctivitis

D

1) Pathogens of the skin often enter via hair follicles and ducts of the sweat glands.

TRUE

2) The majority of the staphylococci isolated from human skin are coagulase-positive.

FALSE

3) The abbreviation "GAS" refers to pathogenic strains of Staphylococcus.

FALSE

4) Haemophilus influenzae is the most common bacterial cause of pinkeye.

TRUE

5) Candidiasis often occurs following antibiotic therapy for bacterial infections.

TRUE

6) Infection with Pediculus humanus is called scabies.

FALSE

7) Blue-green pus is characteristic of Pseudomonas wound infections.

TRUE

8) The normal flora of the skin is predominantly gram-negative rods.

FALSE

9) Acanthamoeba infections are usually transmitted via insects.

FALSE

10) The varicella-zoster virus is the causative agent of chickenpox and shingles.

TRUE