From an international perspective, the Peace of Westphalia (1648) marked:

the emergence of France as the dominant power in Europe, eclipsing Spain.

One of the factors that contributed to the long-term hostilities between England and Spain was:

the fact that Spain secretly supported the Irish rebellion against England that began in 1565.

The major difference between British and Spanish colonial activities in the Americas is that:

British colonies were private ventures and Spanish colonies were royal enterprises.

The Thirty Years’ War began when:

a Catholic prince became the ruler of a Protestant territory.

Peter Paul Rubens stressed the _________ of the Baroque style.

extravagance

The discovery of new lands and phenomenon not accounted for in the Bible:

exposed the limitations of human knowledge and set in motion quests for better ways to explain the world.

The increase in the amount of silver flowing from the Americas to Europe in the sixteenth century is credited with causing or exacerbating:

all of the possible answers are correct

Oliver Cromwell rose to power in England as:

the leader of the parliamentary army.

Both Protestants and Catholics supported the increasingly powerful governments of their time in:

perpetrating an early modern "witch craze."

Baroque painting is considered by many to have found its master in Diego Velázquez with such paintings as:

The Maids of Honor.

During the revolt of the Netherlands, the Protestant forces of William of Orange:

were Calvinist.

The social and political crises of the English Civil War:

swelled the ranks of unfree labor in the British colonies in America.

Using the Portuguese "fort and factory" model of colonial expansion, __________ became the most prosperous commercial empire of the seventeenth century.

France

The primary problem caused by the Price Revolution of the late sixteenth century was:

inflation.

The European explorations beginning in the fifteenth century resulted in:

an increase in slavery in the world.

The main theme of Montaigne’s Essays was:

a pervasive skepticism about all human knowledge.

The primary goal of Cardinal Richelieu’s government was:

to increase and centralize royal power over France.

The Spanish government encouraged settlement of its colonial holdings in the Americas:

yet Spanish residents remained largely in the urban, military, and governance centers of the empire.

In economic terms, New World colonization and plunder had the greatest positive effect on:

the Spanish.

One consequence of the contact between Europe and America was that:

the landscapes in Central America were denuded after Spanish ranching operations were instituted.

The Atlantic world began to be united as a result of the Portuguese and Spanish settlement of:

the Canary Islands.

Most French Protestants were:

Calvinists.

What forced Charles I to summon a new parliament, after he had ruled without one for eleven years?

an invasion force from Scotland.

The Elizabethan author of Doctor Faustus was:

Christopher Marlowe.

William Shakespeare may have revealed the doubts, uncertainty, and search for new sources of certain understanding about the human condition in his play set in the Americas entitled:

The Tempest