Art-based Question

Which artery branches into the common hepatic artery, splenic artery, and left gastric artery?

A

B

C

D

A

Art-based Question

Name the artery at C.

gonadal artery

renal artery

common iliac artery

superior mesenteric artery

superior mesenteric artery

Art-based Question

What vein is formed from the union of the anterior tibial vein and posterior tibial vein?

A

B

C

D

C

Art-based Question

Name the vein at A.

external iliac vein

small saphenous vein

fibular vein

femoral vein

femoral vein

From what artery does the right common carotid artery arise?

external carotid artery

aortic arch

internal carotid artery

brachiocephalic trunk

brachiocephalic trunk

Toxic substances absorbed by the digestive system put stress on the liver because all of the blood from the digestive organs is drained by the __________.

suprarenal veins

abdominal aorta

inferior vena cava

hepatic portal vein

hepatic portal vein

In the capillaries, hydrostatic pressure (HP) is exerted by __________.

blood pressure

proteins in the blood

blood pressure

The net hydrostatic pressure (HP) is the hydrostatic pressure in the __________ minus hydrostatic pressure in the __________.

interstitial fluid; capillary

capillary; interstitial fluid

capillary; interstitial fluid

Which of the following would reflect the typical net hydrostatic pressure (HP) at the arterial end of the capillary? 3

4 mm Hg

1 mm Hg

12 mm Hg

34 mm Hg

The colloid osmotic pressure in the capillary is caused by __________.

blood pressure

proteins in the blood

proteins in the blood

Which net pressure draws fluid into the capillary?

net hydrostatic pressure

net osmotic pressure

net osmotic pressure

Reabsorption of fluid into the capillary takes place at the arterial end or venous end of the capillary?

venous

arterial

venous

Which of these responses is NOT a response consistent with a drop in mean arterial pressure?

increased filtration by the kidneys

increased thirst

secretion of aldosterone

release of renin from the kidneys

increased filtration by the kidneys

Which of the following is NOT one of the ways that angiotensin II increases arterial blood pressure?

Angiotensin II triggers the sensation of thirst.

Angiotensin II prompts the release of antidiuretic hormone (ADH).

Angiotensin II stimulates the secretion of aldosterone.

Angiotensin II promotes vasodilation that decreases peripheral resistance.

Angiotensin II promotes vasodilation that decreases peripheral resistance.

Which of the following would be interrupted in the indirect renal mechanism if angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) is blocked from performing its job?

conversion of angiotensin I from angiotensinogen

release of renin from the kidneys

conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II

sympathetic nervous system activity

conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II

Which of the following will lower blood pressure?

angiotensin II

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

antidiuretic hormone (ADH)

aldosterone

atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP)

Which of the following hormonal effects is mismatched?

Aldosterone increases blood pressure by affecting blood volume.

Epinephrine decreases peripheral resistance by affecting blood vessel diameter.

Atrial natriuretic protein decreases blood volume by affecting blood vessel diameter.

Angiotensin increases peripheral resistance by causing vessel diameter changes.

Epinephrine decreases peripheral resistance by affecting blood vessel diameter.

Vasomotion because of changes in pH or CO₂ levels would be a result of __________?

chemoreceptor reflexes

angiotensin regulation

renal mechanisms

baroreceptor reflexes

chemoreceptor reflexes

What pressure is responsible for reabsorption and for pulling fluids into the venous end of capillaries?

hydrostatic pressure in interstitial fluid (HP_if)

osmotic pressure in interstitial fluid (OP_if)

hydrostatic pressure in a capillary (HP_c)

osmotic pressure in capillary (OP_c)

osmotic pressure in capillary (OP_c)

What is the value for the net filtration pressure (NFP) at the arteriolar end of the capillary?

1 mm Hg

10 mm Hg

26 mm Hg

35 mm Hg

10 mm Hg

Assume a person is experiencing a hemorrhage and the HP_c has dropped to 23 mm Hg at the arteriole end of the capillary. Calculate net filtration pressure (NFP) at the arteriole end of the capillary.

-8 mm Hg

-2 mm Hg

2 mm Hg

10 mm Hg

-2 mm Hg

Which of the following would NOT move by diffusion across a capillary endothelium to or from the surrounding interstitial fluid and tissues?

carbon dioxide

lipid-soluble substances

oxygen

proteins

proteins

Why is it important that blood pressure drop to lower levels as it reaches the capillary beds?

because capillaries are fragile and extremely permeable

because capillaries actually need a higher blood pressure for filtration activities

because capillaries depend on the lower pressure to prevent fluid exchange between the capillaries and the tissue fluid

because capillaries actually are high-pressure vessels

because capillaries are fragile and extremely permeable

Which of the following is NOT a capillary transport mechanism?

transport via vesicles or caveolae

movement through intracellular clefts or fenestrations

diffusion through the endothelial cell membrane

bulk flow

bulk flow

Which of the following would decrease peripheral resistance to blood flow?

vasoconstriction

increasing blood vessel length

atherosclerosis

anemia

anemia

In local autoregulation of blood flow, usually low oxygen levels cause vasodilation. Which tissue shows the opposite pattern?

liver

lungs

skeletal muscles

heart

lungs