Unit 1
Which of the following are examples of restorative healthcare? SATA
A. B. D.
Which of the following health care financing mechanisms are federally funded? (SATA)
B. E.
A nurse's personal philosophy is developed by learning through which
of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A) Environment
B)
Interpersonal relationships
C) Formal and informal education
D) Religion and Culture
E) How a person interacts with the environment
• Religion and culture
• Environment
• Interpersonal
relationships
• Formal and informal education
Adaptation
theory is important in the field of nursing as individuals act and
interact with their environment. However, it does not form the
foundation of one's personal philosophy, one's values, and their
perception of life. Learning from interpersonal relationships,
education, religion, culture, and the environment play the key role in
philosophy development.
Which of the following is a responsibility of the State Licensing boards?
B
Which of the following are tertiary care settings? (SATA)
A. B. C.
Which of the following clients needs a referral to a social worker? (SATA)
A. B. D.
A goal for a p/t who has difficulty with self feeding due to rheumatoid arthritis is to use adaptive devices. The nurse caring for the client should initiate a referral to which of the following members of the care team?
D.
Which of the following members of the care team can assist a p/t in understanding the effects of their meds.? (SATA)
A. C. D.
A p/t who has problems swallowing due to a CVA needs a referral to which care team member?
D.
When giving examples of the duties a CNA performs which of the following should be included? (SATA)
A. B. C. E.
A p/t decides not to have a sx even if it means it can save his life. The nurse understands this is which type of ethical principle?
B.
A nurse offers pain meds to a postoperative p/t prior to ambulation. This is an example of what kind of ethical principle?
D.
All p/t's waiting on a kidney transplant have to meet the same qualifications. This is an example of what ethical principle?
C.
A nurse questions a rx due to a p/t's age and unstable status. Which ethical principle is this?
D.
Which of the following could be described as an ethical dilemma?
C.
An AP threatens to diaper a client if he doesn't use the urinal properly. Which of the following torts are they committing?
A.
A p/t wish to leave the hospital AMA. The nurse prepares to give a sedative along with his normal meds to keep him at the hospital. Which tort is she about to commit?
B.
Which of the following statements indicates an understanding of advanced directives?
C.
A nurse should take which of the following actions regarding informed consent? (SATA)
A. B.
A nurse notices another nurse seems drowsy and unfocused for the last week and then finds her asleep in the break room while not on break. What should the nurse do?
C.
A nurse preparing a change-of-shift report should include which of the following?
C.
A nurse is discussing the HIPPA privacy rule during an orientation. Which of the following info should be included? (SATA)
B. C. D. E.
Which of the following legal guidelines should be followed when documenting in a p/t's record? (SATA)
B. C.
Which of the following require the completion of an incident report? (SATA)
A. B. D.
A nurse is receiving a providers rx by phone. Which of the following actions are appropriate? (SATA)
A. B. C.
Which of the following p/t needs does the nurse assign to AP?
C.
A p/t is awaiting transfer to the PACU after thoracic sx. Which staff member can take him?
B.
A nurse is delegating the ambulation of a p/t who had knee sx 5 days ago to an AP. Which info. should be shared with the AP? (SATA)
B. C. D.
An RN is making assignments for a PN at the beginning of her shift. Which ones should the PN question?
D.
A nurse is conducting a program about delegation, Which of the following elements should she include when presenting the 5 rights of delegation? (SATA)
B. C. E.
By the second day a p/t has not achieved satisfactory pain relief. Based on this evaluation, which of the following actions should the nurse take, according to the nursing process?
A.
A newly licensed nurse notices her p/t is 2 hours late getting his PRN pain med and the p/t says he is in pain. The nurse asks the charge nurse to observe her preparing and administering the med. The nurse checks with the p/t 40 min later and he says he is better. The charge nurse tells the new nurse she left out which of the following steps in the nursing process?
A. She didn't ask the client to rate his pain on a pain scale
Which of the following is objective data in relation to the nursing process? (SATA)
A. D. E.
Which of the following interventions do not require a providers rx? (SATA)
C. D. E.
Which of the following statements by a newly hired nurse should be identified as appropriate for the planning step of the nursing process?
A.
Which nursing actions demonstrate the aim of nursing to promote health? (Select all that apply.)
a)Administering an insulin shot to a diabetic
patient
b)Helping a person with paraplegia learn how to use a
wheelchair
c)Serving as a role model of health for patients by
maintaining a healthy weight
d)Facilitating decisions about
lifestyles that would enhance the well-being of a
teenager
e)Increasing student awareness of sexually transmitted
diseases by distributing informational pamphlets at a college health
center
f)Performing diagnostic measurements and examinations in
an outpatient setting
C. Serving as a role model of health for patients by maintaining a
healthy weight
D. Facilitating decisions about lifestyles that
would enhance the well-being of a teenager
E. Increasing student
awareness of sexually transmitted diseases by distributing
informational pamphlets at a college health center
Health promotion is motivated by the desire to increase a person’s well-being and health potential
A nursing student understands which of the following is true of
concepts?
a)Concepts provide a means of testing
knowledge.
b)Concepts describe objects, properties, and events
and relationships among them.
c)Concepts differentiate nursing
from other disciplines.
d)Concepts are derived through deductive
and inductive reasoning.
Concepts describe objects, properties, and events and relationships among them.
If a nurse describes a study of people, and the nursing profession
including: studies of education, policy development, ethics, and
nursing history, then what is the nurse defining?
a)Nursing research
b)Maslow's theory
c)Nursing
theory
d)Adaptation theory
Nursing research
Nursing research is a study of people and the nursing profession. Adaptation, nursing, and Maslow's theory may provide a theoretical foundation for the study, but the study itself is nursing research.
The nurse is caring for a client after a stroke rendered the client's
right side weaker than the left. The nurse coordinates the plan of
care with the physical therapist. The nurse's interventions reflect
which one of nursing's four broad goals?
a)To faciliate
coping
b)To restore health
c)To promote health
d)To
prevent illness
To restore health
The four broad aims of nursing practice are to
promote health, prevent illness, restore health, and facilitate coping
with death and/or disability. In the example, the nurse is
coordinating care with the other disciplines in an attempt regain some
of the strength in the client's right side. This is an example of
restoring a client's health. The nurse is not preventing the stroke or
promoting health prior to the stroke. The nurse is not facilitating
coping with the stroke.
A nursing student is describing nursing concepts in class. The
student states that these concepts can be put together, along with the
relationships described among the concepts. The nursing instructor
knows that the student is describing which of the following?
a)Deductive reasoning
b)Theory
c)Inductive reasoning
d)Concepts
Theory
Theory is a group of concepts and the relationships among them. Concepts are abstract ideas or objects and their relationships to one another. Deductive reasoning provides a basis for theory development as one studies a general idea to more specific properties. Inductive reasoning is derived from consideration of specific properties to make conclusions about a general idea.
A nursing student is describing building nursing theory during a
fundamentals nursing class. The student describes that a theory can be
built by looking at an idea as a whole and then breaking the idea down
into smaller, more specific ideas. The nursing instructor knows that
the student is describing which of the following?
a)Inductive reasoning
b)Deductive reasoning
c)Theory
d)Concepts
Deductive reasoning
Deductive reasoning involves looking at an idea as a whole and then considering more specific ideas. Theory is a group of concepts and the relationships among them. Concepts are abstract ideas or objects and their relationships to one another. Inductive reasoning is derived from consideration of specific properties to conclusions about a general idea. (less)
A nurse is discussing the history of the profession with a client and describes that a shift in societal focus from religion to warfare had a negative impact on nursing due to which of the following?
Female criminals recruited as nurses
As many Western societies shifted from a religious orientation to an emphasis on warfare, this led to a tremendous shortage of people to care for the sick. To meet this need, women who were convicted of crimes were recruited into nursing in lieu of serving jail sentences. In addition to having a poor reputation, nurses received low pay and worked long hours in unfavorable conditions.
When a researcher begins to form plans for a research project, the researcher must decide on the method for conducting the research. The nurse researcher that plans to emphasize collection of narrative data and the analysis would select which of the following methods of research?
Qualitative research
Qualitative research utilizes words or narrative for data, rather than numbers. Quantitative research utilizes numerical values and statistical analysis of data. Basic research is utilized to generate or refine theory. Applied research is utilized for its application in clinical practice. The stem of the question did not provide information as to the application of the study.
A nurse is discussing dietary issues with a Latino client in the clinic. The client states, "I read a research article about the importance of beans in the Latino diet. The findings from the study suggested that inclusion of meat and beans in the diet would help in the development of muscles and bones." The information that the client is expressing is known as what?
Scientific knowledge
Scientific knowledge is derived through the scientific method. Research is conducted according to the scientific method; therefore, the information would be based on scientific knowledge. Authoritative knowledge is gleaned from an expert based on their perceived expertise. Traditional knowledge is known as knowledge that is passed down from one generation to the next. Philosophy is the study of wisdom and one's perceptions of life.
What is the central theme of Florence Nightingale’s nursing theory?
Meeting the personal needs of the client within the environment.
Florence Nightingale believed in meeting the personal needs of the client within the environment.
A person practicing nursing in the 1950s would most likely have been influenced by what trend?
Large numbers of women began to work outside the home, asserting their independence.
After World War II, increasing numbers of women entered the workforce, becoming more assertive and independent. At this time, efforts were directed at upgrading nursing education, moving it from the hospital setting to the college setting. Male dominance in health care, influencing the progress of the nursing profession, was greatly impacted by World War II. By the 1950s, this dominance was beginning to decrease. The broadening of practice in a variety of health care settings did not occur as early as the 1950s.
The nurse asks a client about his spiritual health. Which statement
best explains the standard of care utilized by the
nurse?
a)The RN collaborates with spiritual healers.
b)The
RN prays with clients.
c)The RN collects comprehensive
data.
d)The RN provides spiritual counseling.
The RN collects comprehensive data.
The standard being exemplified is Standard 1: Assessment: The RN collects comprehensive data. Spiritual assessment is part of the comprehensive assessment data collection. The RN may pray with a client and/or collaborate with spiritual healers, but it is not part of the standards of care. The RN typically does not provide spiritual counseling
Trends in managed care have resulted in an increased focus on the
care of clients by nurses in which settings?
a)Critical care
units
b)Long-term care settings
c)Hospital
settings
d)Community-based settings
Community-based settings
Health care is increasingly provided in community-based settings such as clinics, outpatient settings, and homes. The impetus for this change has largely been the implementation of a system of managed care to control and monitor health care services to minimize costs.
The nursing instructor is explaining sources of knowledge to a group
of nursing students. The nursing instructor describes "some
knowledge is gained from someone with a great deal of perceived
experience." One of the students correctly describes this source
as being:
a)Traditional knowledge
b)Authoritative knowledge
c)Philosophy knowledge
d)Scientific knowledge
b) Authoritative Knowledge
Which group of nurses would be least likely involved in direct
research? Select all that apply.
a)Clinical Nurse
Specialists
b)Student nurses
c)Nurses at the PhD
level
d)Novice nurses
e)Nurse Practitioners
Novice nurses
• Student nurses
Direct research, except in
the role of data collection or administration of medications and
treatments as a protocol in a research project, usually does not
involve student nurses and novice nurses. Master's prepared nurses
such as clinical nurse specialists and nurse practitioners, as well as
nurses at the PhD level, can be involved in direct research.
How would a student nurse define a conceptual framework?
a)A
foundation for nursing skills and care.
b)A group if interrelated
objects that follow a pattern.
c)A set of phenomena and related
abstractions.
d)An explanation of nursing and nursing practice.
A group if interrelated objects that follow a pattern.
A conceptual framework is made up of a group of concepts (interrelated objects, descriptions, or events) that follows an understandable pattern.
Which concept is not one of the four central concepts in nursing practice?
a)Person
b)Nursing
c)Environment
d)Spirituality
Spirituality
Spirituality is not one of the four central concepts in nursing. The four central concepts in nursing practice include person, environment, health, and nursing.
A nurse is caring for a client with chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease (COPD). The nurse explains to the client that COPD is a
chronic disease. Why is COPD considered a chronic disease?
a)It is a sequela of acute illness.
b)It takes a long time
to cure.
c)It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long
time.
d)It persists for a long time.
It has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time.
Chronic illness has a gradual onset and lasts for a long time. It is usually seen in old age. It may or may not be due to acute illness. Chronic diseases are a major cause of morbidity in the population.
What is the definition of wellness?
a)a desire to be
without disease
b)an active state of being healthy
c)being
without disease
d)maximizing the state in which you live
an active state of being healthy
Wellness, a reflection of health, is an active state of being healthy by living a lifestyle that promotes good physical, mental, and emotional health.
The nursing instructor is teaching about nursing theories. Students
are asked to identify facts related to nursing theory. Which of the
following facts are true regarding nursing theory? (Select all that
apply.)
a)Nursing theories are written in technical
language and should be studied by those with higher educational
levels.
b)Nursing theory provides a focus for care that is
delivered to clients.
c)Nursing theories may be descriptive or
prescriptive.
d)The ultimate outcome for nursing theory is
improved client care.
e)Nursing theory provides a rationale for
the care that nurses provide.
• The ultimate outcome for nursing theory is improved
client care.
• Nursing theory provides a rationale for the care
that nurses provide.
• Nursing theories may be descriptive or
prescriptive.
• Nursing theory provides a focus for care that
is delivered to clients.
Nursing theories should be written in simple and practical language so that the information can be translated to the bedside. Therefore, nurses at all educational levels should have a basic knowledge of nursing theory. All of the other choices are true of nursing theory.
A nurse is planning to participate in a research project and is
looking for information about what is already known about the topic.
The nurse is involved in which step of the research process?
a)problem area identification
b)scientific literature
review
c)problem statement formulation
d)identification of
theoretical framework
scientific literature review
The nurse is engaged in a review of the scientific literature to find out what is already known about the subject and to prevent duplication of effort if the subject is already well-studied. Identifying the problem area is completed first. This then guides the literature review. From there the nurse identifies the theoretical framework as a guide to identify and study systematically the logical relationships between variables. The problem statement identifies the direction the project will take. (less)
A nurse is preparing a seminar for a nursing research symposium. As
part of the presentation, the nurse plans to discuss the history
surrounding the development of nursing research. When describing the
research that occurred during the early half of the twentieth century,
which area would the nurse describe as being the focus?
a)nursing education
b)treatment issues
c)available
nurse supply
d)client care
nursing education
Between 1900 and 1940, research in nursing centered on education, methods of teaching, and methods of evaluating how nurses learned. During and after World War II, research interest turned to supply and demand for nurses as the need for nurses to serve in both the military and civilian sectors increased. Client care and treatment issues are common areas of interest in current nursing research.
A nurse must possess several characteristics in order to be
successful in this profession. Secondary to critical thinking skills,
which of the following is of great value?
a)advocating
for the client at all times
b)educational attainment such as
Master's of Nursing
c)delegation of responsibilities
d)good
teamwork and team-building skills
advocating for the client at all times
Nursing is caring, commitment, and dedication to meeting the health needs of all people. Nurses direct care to promote, maintain, and restore health in various settings. They are prepared to identify and to assist with the health care needs of individuals, families, communities, and populations.
The nursing student who has diarrhea before every test and every
clinical understands that this is not a healthy behavior. The student
is aware that this negative effect can impact overall health. The
nurse recognizes that this student needs to focus on which of the
following dimensions of health?
a)Sociocultural
dimension
b)Emotional dimension
c)Intellectual
dimension
d)Physical dimension
Emotional dimension
This is an example of the emotional dimension. How the mind affects body functions and responds to body conditions also influences health. Long term stress affects body systems, and anxiety affects health habits. Intellectual dimension encompasses cognitive abilities and past experiences, while the physical dimension includes things like genetics, sex, and race. Sociocultural dimensions relate to a client's economic level, lifestyle, family, and culture.
Marjory Gordon developed the concept of functional health patterns to
help organize nursing information in a holistic way. Which functional
health pattern focuses on health values and beliefs?
a)Self-perception
b)Elimination
c)Health
perception–health management
d)Cognitive-perceptual
Health perception–health management
Health perception–health management pattern focuses on health values and beliefs, as well as the resources in the community that are available to meet health needs. Elimination pattern is closely related to nutrition and metabolism.
The nurse notes the initials APRN after a nurse who is ordering a
client's medications. According to ANA standards of nursing practice,
which of the following is the correct action by the nurse?
a)Ask
the nursing manager what APRN means.
b)Contact the client's
physician for medication orders.
c)Report the nurse to the state
board of nursing.
d)No action is needed. This is within the ANA
standards for APRNs.
No action is needed. This is within the ANA standards for APRNs.
According to the ANA standards of practice, APRNs provide consultation and use prescriptive authority and treatment so there is no action needed by the nurse, and there is no need to contact the client's physician for additional medication orders.
Which of the following best exemplifies the role of the nurse as
educator?
a)a nurse referring a client to outpatient
services
b)a nurse allowing a client to verbalize fears of
death
c)a nurse discussing side effects of a medication with a
client
d)a nurse researching the best way to provide care
a nurse discussing side effects of a medication with a client
When the nurse is in the role of educator, the nurse uses communication skills to assess, implement, and evaluate individualized education plans to meet the learning needs of clients, such as when discussing side effects of a medication. Allowing the client to verbalize feelings and/or referring them to outpatient services demonstrates the role of counselor. Researching the best way to provide care demonstrates the role of researcher
Following the identification of a researchable problem, what must the
nurse do?
a)Select literature relevant to the
problem.
b)Determine a source appropriate to collect
data.
c)Obtain a list of possible outcomes.
d)Evaluate the
number of ways to collect data.
Select literature relevant to the problem.
Literature review is the process of selecting published materials that have relevance to the potential research.
Standards for ethical practice for nurses are primarily laid out by
what organization?
a)International Council of Nurses
b)World Health Organization
c)American Hospital
Association
d)American Nurses Association
American Nurses Association
The ANA Code of Ethics for Nurses is the main source of the ethical principles that nurses must follow.
Which of the following is a characteristic of nursing practiced from
early civilization to the 16th century?
a)The physician
was the priest who treated disease with prayer.
b)The nurse was
a nun committed to caring for the needy and homeless.
c)Nursing
changed from a spiritual focus to an emphasis on knowledge
expansion.
d)Most early civilizations believed that illness had
supernatural causes.
Most early civilizations believed that illness had supernatural causes.
Most early civilizations believed that illness had supernatural causes. The physician was the medicine man who treated disease by chanting, inspiring fear, or opening the skull to release evil spirits (Dolan, Fitzpatrick, & Herrmann, 1983). The nurse usually was the mother who cared for her family during sickness by providing physical care and herbal remedies. As civilizations grew, temples became the centers of medical care because of the belief that illness was caused by sin and the gods' displeasure.
Which of the following is the best example of a
nurse demonstrating the role of caregiver?
a)reporting lab values
to a client's physician
b)starting an intravenous line in the
client's arm
c)assigning a room for a new hospital
client
d)referring the client to a mental health clinic
starting an intravenous line in the client's arm
In the role of caregiver, the nurse provides care to clients to meet their needs, such as when starting an intravenous line. The role of caregiver is the primary role of the nurse. Teaching a client about medication is the role of educator. Telling a doctor a lab value is the role of communicator. Securing a referral to the local clinic is the role of counselor. Assigning rooms is a management role.
A nursing student is describing nursing concepts in class. The
student states that these concepts can be put together, along with the
relationships described among the concepts. The nursing instructor
knows that the student is describing which of the
following?
a)Concepts
b)Deductive
reasoning
c)Theory
d)Inductive reasoning
Theory
Theory is a group of concepts and the relationships among them. Concepts are abstract ideas or objects and their relationships to one another. Deductive reasoning provides a basis for theory development as one studies a general idea to more specific properties. Inductive reasoning is derived from consideration of specific properties to make conclusions about a general idea.
A nurse is providing care for three clients on a medical unit, two of
whom are significantly more acute than the third. The nurse is making
a concerted effort to ensure that the less acute client still receives
a reasonable amount of time, attention, and care during the course of
the shift. Which of the following is the nurse attempting to enact?
a)Justice
b)Beneficence
c)Nonmaleficence
d)Fidelity
Justice
The ethical principle of justice includes an effort to fairly distribute benefits and to minimize discrimination, even when circumstances make this difficult to achieve. This is demonstrated by the nurse's efforts to fairly distribute her time and care.
Using the nursing process to make ethical decisions involves
following several steps. Which step is the nurse implementing when she
reflects on the decision-making process and the role it will play in
making future decisions?
a)Evaluating
b)Planning
c)Implementing
d)Diagnosing
Evaluating
Evaluating an ethical decision involves reflecting on the process and evaluating those elements that will be helpful in the future. The nurse may also question how this experience can improve reasoning and decision making in the future. Diagnosing the ethical problem involves stating the problem clearly. Planning includes identifying the options and exploring the probable short-term and long-term consequences. Implementing includes the implementation of the decision and comparing the outcomes of the action with what was considered and hoped for in advance.
A nurse is preparing to conduct a research study and chooses a mixed
method of research. The nurse chooses this method based on the
understanding that the results will:
a)identify the problem more
succinctly.
b)be more holistic.
c)provide a more complex
level of understanding.
d)reveal gaps in data analysis.
provide a more complex level of understanding.
A mixed method uses both quantitative and qualitative approaches to research inquiry. The key to the combination is integrating the two forms of data collected to illuminate research findings. The assumption in this approach is that by examining two sets of data, the results will yield a more complex level of understanding. This method is not associated with being more holistic, revealing gaps, or identifying the problem more succinctly.
A nursing instructor is explaining to a group of nursing students the
importance of understanding the sources of knowledge. Which of the
following types of knowledge would the instructor describe as being
subjective? (Select all that apply)
a)Scientific
method
b)Evidence-based practice
c)Scientific knowledge
d)Traditional knowledge
e)Authoritative knowledge
• Traditional knowledge
• Authoritative
knowledge
Traditional and authoritative knowledge are practical
but may be subjective. Scientific knowledge, the scientific method and
evidence based practice are all rooted in research and are unlikely to
be subjective.
A nurse researcher ensures that a research subject's privacy is
protected by which method? Select all that apply.
a)Autonomy
b)Beneficence
c)Confidentiality
d)Justice
e)Anonymity
• Confidentiality
• Anonymity
Clients involved in research
must be assured that their privacy is being protected. Privacy is
protected in two general ways. Anonymity is the protection of the
subject so that not even the researcher can link the subject to the
information provided. Confidentiality ensures that the subjects'
identities will not be linked with the information they provide and
will not be publicly divulged.The ethical principles of autonomy,
beneficence, and justice serve as guides in maintaining the rights of
research participants when the specific goals of research projects are determined.
A nurse is planning to continue her education in the hopes of
becoming an expert in geriatric nursing who carries out direct care.
For which of the following expanded career roles is the nurse
preparing?
a)Nurse manager
b)Physician
assistant
c)Nurse-midwife
d)Clinical nurse specialist
Clinical nurse specialist
Clinical nurse specialists are nurses with an advanced degree who are considered experts in a specialized area of care. They also provide direct care, consultation, and education of clients, families, and staff. Nurse managers do not normally provide direct care. Nurse-midwives specialize in obstetrical care. Physician assistants are not nurses.
Which of the following is monitored by the Quality and Safety
Education for Nurses (QSEN)? Select all that apply.
a)Nursing
certification
b)Quality improvement
c)Client-centered
care
d)Evidence-based practice
e)Informatics
• Evidence-based practice
• Client-centered care
•
Informatics
• Quality improvement
The Quality and Safety
Education for Nurses (QSEN, 2014) initiative has identified key
quality and safety competencies for nurses: client-centered care,
teamwork and collaboration, evidence-based practice, quality
improvement, safety, and informatics. These competencies support the
responsibilities defined previously. Providing care focused on clients
requires the nurse to balance client advocacy with safety. Effective
management and coordination of care requires teamwork and
collaboration. Evidence-based practice leads to safe and effective
care. Nurses must continually evaluate and improve the quality of
care. Competence in informatics allows nurses to use the latest
technology in the provision, documentation, and evaluation of care.
Nurses who achieve these competencies are able to improve the quality
and safety of client care wherever they work.
A nurse researcher is involved in an experimental research study.
Which component would the nurse researcher manipulate?
a)Data
analysis
b)Independent variable
c)Research
design
d)Dependent variable
Independent variable
An independent variable has the presumed effect on the dependent variable. It may be manipulated if the researcher is doing an experimental study; in a nonexperimental study, it is assumed to have occurred naturally before or during the study. The dependent variable is what you believe might be influenced or modified by the independent variable, or is the consequence or presumed effect that varies as changes occur in the independent variable. The dependent variable is the one that the researcher is interested in understanding and explaining. The research design is the overall plan for the collection and analysis of data. Data analysis involves evaluating the raw form of the information in an orderly, planned manner.
The registered nurse is performing a nutritional assessment to ensure
that the client's diet is optimal for wound healing. The nurse's
intervention can be traced back to which of nursing's key people's
contributions to nursing?
a)Clara Barton
b)Dorothea
Dix
c)Florence Nightingale
d)Linda Richards
Florence Nightingale
Florence Nightingale's contributions to nursing included the recognition of the importance of nutrition to health. Clara Barton established the Red Cross. Dorothea Dix was a pioneer for reform of treatment for the mentally ill. Linda Richards began the practice of keeping records and writing orders.
The nurse is utilizing knowledge about a blood pressure medication's
actions and side effects to determine whether or not to give a client,
whose blood pressure is low, the prescribed blood pressure medication.
What best describes the aspect of nursing demonstrated?
a)Quality
improvement
b)Conduction of research
c)Science of
nursing
d)Art of nursing
Science of nursing
The science of nursing is the knowledge base for the care provided by the nurse. In this example, the nurse is using this knowledge base to decide how best to care for the client by giving or not giving the blood pressure medication. The art of nursing is the application of the knowledge. In this example it would be demonstrated by the nurse actually giving or holding the medication. Quality improvement activities and the conduction of research influence the science and the art of nursing by helping build the body of knowledge that is the science of nursing.
The nurse discussing the importance of professional nursing
organizations setting standards should include which of the following
statements?
a)It helps regulate nursing licensure.
b)It sets
the standard for nursing research.
c)It helps identify nursing as
a profession.
d)It helps to identify nurses.
It helps identify nursing as a profession.
Professional nursing organizations that set standards for nursing helps nursing meet the defining criteria for a profession. However, they do not regulate nursing practice, set standards for nursing research, or help to identify nurses
A nurse providing care has a personal philosophy that nursing
interventions should be instituted for clients when the clients
demonstrate ineffective adaptive responses. This nurse’s philosophy is
based on the theory of:
a)Imogene M. King
b)Madeline
Leininger
c)Jean Watson
d)Sister Callista Roy
Sister Callista Roy
Sister Callista Roy is a nursing theorist whose work focused on the central theme that humans are biopsychosocial beings existing within an environment. Needs are created within interrelated adaptive modes: physiologic self-concept, role function, and interdependence. When individuals demonstrate ineffective adaptive responses, nursing interventions are required. Madeline Leininger is a nursing theorist whose work focused on caring as the central theme of nursing care, nursing knowledge, and nursing practice. The theory, when applied to clinical practice, provides the foundation of transcultural nursing care. Caring improves human conditions and life processes. Imogene M. King is a nursing theorist whose work focused on the central theme that the client is a personal system within a social system; the nurse and the client experience each other and the situation, act and react, and transact. This theory is exhibited in clinical practice: nursing is a process of human interactions, as nurses and clients communicate to mutually set goals, and explore and agree on the means to reach those goals. Jean Watson is a nursing theorist who is known for her focus on caring. The central theme of her work is that nursing is concerned with promoting and restoring health, preventing illness, and caring for the sick. Caring is universal and is practiced through interpersonal relationships.
In today's healthcare environment nurses use theories to guide all
stages of the nursing process. Which of the following are examples of
ways that a nurse can utilize theories to guide client care? (Select
all that apply.)
a)Make client assignments on the
unit.
b)Classify client data.
c)Organize client
information.
d)Analyze client situations.
e)Collect client data.
• Classify client data.
• Organize client information.
•
Analyze client situations.
• Collect client
data.
Assignments on a clinical unit are made by utilizing acuity
systems or delegation rather than being based in nursing theory. The
other choices are all examples of ways that theory can guide client care.
A class of nursing students is studying the history of nursing. The class learns that the founder of public health nursing is:
Lillian Wald
Lillian Wald established a neighborhood nursing service for the sick and poor of the Lower East Side in New York City and was the founder of public health nursing. Clara Barton established the Red Cross in the United States in 1882. Linda Richards was the first trained nurse in the United States. Dorothea Dix was a pioneering crusader for the reform of the treatment of the mentally ill.
A nurse's personal philosophy is developed by learning through which
of the following? (Select all that apply.)
A) Environment
B)
Interpersonal relationships
C) Formal and informal education
D) How a person interacts with the environment
• Religion and culture
• Environment
• Interpersonal
relationships
• Formal and informal education
Adaptation
theory is important in the field of nursing as individuals act and
interact with their environment. However, it does not form the
foundation of one's personal philosophy, one's values, and their
perception of life. Learning from interpersonal relationships,
education, religion, culture, and the environment play the key role in
philosophy development.