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RHIT

1.

Terminal digit

Last group of digits are primary for filing

2.

Qualitative analysis

Reviewing the record for consistency, completeness, and accuracy of facts

3.

Quantitative analysis

Checking patient records for correctness, presence, and authentication of all authorizations and consents

4.

medical history is provided by

the patient or the most knowledgeable available source

5.

medical history

chief complaint, history of present illness, past medical history, personal history, family history, and a review of systems

6.

physical examination adds

objective data to the subjective data provided by the patient

7.

The physical examination begins with

the physician's objective assessment of the patient's general condition

8.

integrated progress notes

document progress notes sequentially on the same form

9.

point-of-care documentation

data entry that occurs at the point and location of service

10.

POMR

problem-oriented record

11.

CARF

Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities

12.

CARF is

an independent accrediting agency for rehabilitation facilities.

13.

Palliative care

is most likely to be provided at a hospice

14.

Validity

the accuracy of data

15.

reliability

consistency of data

16.

Timeliness

data being available within a time frame helpful to the user

17.

precision

data values that are just large enough to support the application of the process.

18.

COP requires a consultation report

on patients who are not a good surgical risk

19.

Pharmacy consults

are required for elderly patients who typically take multiple medications

20.

patient's certification period

60-day time frame for home health services

21.

accession number 13-0001/00

"13" represents the year that the patient first entered the database

"0001" indicates that this was the first case entered that year

"00" indicates that this patient has only one known neoplasm

22.

EDMS

electronic data management system

23.

CPOE

computerized provider order entry system

24.

National Practitioner Data Bank

With the passage of the Health Care Quality Improvement Act of 1986, the NPDB was established. Hospitals are required to query this before granting clinical privileges to physicians.

25.

discharge order

Although many patient health records may feasibly contain all of the orders listed, only the ____________ is required to document the formal release of a patient from the facility.

26.

left against medical advice

Absence of a discharge order would indicate that the patient __________________ and this event should be thoroughly documented as well.

27.

Conditions of Participation

CMS publishes both proposed and final rules for the _______________ for hospitals in the daily Federal Register.

28.

Disclosure of Student Immunizations to Schools

The ___________________ provision of the final HITECH Omnibus Rule permits a covered entity to disclose proof of immunization to a school (where state law requires it prior to admitting a student) without written authorization of the parent. An agreement must still be obtained and documented, but no signature by the parent is required.

29.

Data reliability

implies that data are consistent no matter how many times the same data are collected and entered into the system

30.

Accessibility

implies that data are available to authorized people when and where needed

31.

Legibility

implies data that are readable

32.

Completeness

implies that all required data are present in the information system

33.

Data comprehensiveness

refers specifically to the presence of all required data elements

34.

The antepartum record should include a _____________________ on each OB patient visit with particular attention to menstrual and reproductive history.

comprehensive history and physical exam

35.

cognitive patterns

represents a data item collected more typically in long-term care settings and required in the MDS

36.

Principal diagnosis, procedures and data, and personal identification represent items collected on ______________ according to UHDDS requirements.

Medicare inpatients

37.

Quantitative analysis

involves checking for the presence or absence of necessary reports and/or signatures

38.

Qualitative analysis

involves checking documentation consistency, such as comparing a patient's pharmacy drug profile with the medication administration record

39.

hospital census

a primary data source for health care statistics

40.

number index

identifies new health record numbers and the patients to whom they were assigned

41.

physicians' index

identifies all patients treated by each doctor

42.

patient index

links each patient treated in a facility with the health number under which the clinical information can be located

43.

disease index

major source of case findings for cancer registry programs

44.

Data Elements for Emergency Departments (DEEDS)

recommended data set for hospital-based emergency departments

45.

Uniform Hospital Discharge Data Set (UHDDS)

required data set for acute care hospitals

46.

Minimum Data Set (MDS)

required data set for long-term care facilities

47.

ORYX

five core measures are implemented to improve safety and quality of health care

48.

Federal Register

a daily government newspaper for publishing proposed and final rules of federal agencies

49.

Data accuracy

denotes that data are correct values

50.

Data comprehensiveness

denotes that all data items are included

51.

Data granularity

denotes that the attributes and values of data should be defined at the correct level of detail

52.

Data precision

denotes that data values should be just large enough to support the application of process.

53.

Time and means of arrival is required on

ED records only

54.

Evidence of known advance directive is required on

inpatient records only

55.

Problem list is required on

ambulatory records by the third visit

56.

the primary concern in forms design

The needs of the user

57.

"Objective symptoms observed by the physician" refers to the

Physical Exam

58.

"Past and current activities, such as smoking and drinking habits" refers to the

Social History

59.

"A chronological description of patient's present condition from time of onset to present" refers to the

History of Present Illness

60.

"review of systems" differs from "physical exam"

"subjective symptoms that the patient may have forgotten to mention or that may have seemed unimportant.”

61.

medical staff bylaws

reflect general principles and policies of the medical staff

62.

the rules and regulations

outline the details for implementing the general principles and policies of the medical staff, including the process and time frames for completing records, and the penalties for failure to comply.

63.

"Adverse effects and contraindications of drugs utilized during hospitalization"

deals with issues directly linked to quality of care reviews

64.

"quality of care through the use of pre-established criteria"

deals with issues directly linked to quality of care reviews

65.

"Potentially compensable events"

deals with risk management

66.

"The overall quality of documentation in the record"

points to a review aimed at evaluating the quality of documentation in the health record`

67.

Type I recommendation

Institutions are given a _________________________ when 2% of delinquent records are due to missing history and physicals or operative reports.

68.

RAC program (recovery audit contractors)

mandated to find and correct improper Medicare payments paid to health care providers participating in the Medicare reimbursement program

69.

OIG

Office of Inspector General

70.

MEDPAR

Medicare Provider Analysis and Review

71.

QIO

Quality Improvement Organization

72.

The Master Patient Index (MPI)

The MPI cross-references the patient name and medical record number

73.

Disease Index

the disease index is a listing in diagnostic code number order

74.

Physician Index

The physician index is a listing of cases in order by physician name or number

75.

recommended for aisles between file units when using stationary open-shelf files

36 inches

76.

Medicare's Conditions of Participation for Hospitals requires that patient health records be retained for at least __________ unless a longer period is required by state or local laws

5 years

77.

The Food and Drug Administration require research records pertaining to cancer patients be maintained for

30 years

78.

A quality control measure that should be established for the filing, storage, and retrieval of health records includes criteria for the

inclusion of late reports

79.

If there is more than one patient with the identical last name, first name, and middle initial, the master patient index entries are then arranged according to the

date of birth

80.

A 16-year-old female delivers a stillborn infant in Mercy Hospital. The clinical documentation on the stillborn infant would be filed in

the mother's record

81.

It is recommended that all but ______________________ should be permanently retained in some format, even when the remainder of the health record is destroyed.

dates of admission, discharge, and encounters

82.

Conditions of participation (COP)

Regulations governing providers of services to Medicare beneficiaries that require providers to develop, implement, and maintain an organization wide quality and performance improvement program.

83.

Unless state or federal laws require longer time periods, AHIMA recommends that patient health information for minors be retained for

at least to the age of majority plus statute of limitations

84.

database management system

an application that would be MOST effective for utilizing various related files that include clinical and financial data to generate reports such as MS-DRG case mix reports

85.

roll microfilm

a microform type that is the least expensive to prepare and results in the greatest storage density

86.

Jacket microfilm

the microform preferred if the records must be unitized and color-coded for filing purposes

87.

The American College of Surgeons mandates a ___________ follow-up rate for all cancer cases to meet approval requirements as a cancer program.

90%

88.

Information brokering

the business of buying and selling information as a commodity

89.

interfaced system

a large collection of clinical information systems and hospital information systems that are designed to share data without human or technical intervention

90.

ORYX measurement requirements are intended to support

Joint Commission-accredited organizations in their quality improvement efforts

91.

Meaningful use

using certified electronic health record (EHR) technology to:

Improve quality

safety

efficiency

reduce health disparities

engage patients and family

Improve care coordination

population and public health

Maintain privacy and security of patient health information.

92.

Continuity of care

an ideal in which health care is provided for a person in a coordinated manner and without disruption despite involvement of different practitioners in different care settings

93.

Active patient

a patient who has had a visit to any location within the previous three years

94.

Problem list

a list of illnesses, injuries, and other factors that affect the health of an individual patient, usually identifying the time of occurrence or identification and resolution

95.

Significant medical diagnosis/condition

any nontransient problem that is significant enough to be relevant to the health of the patient going forward, as well as diagnoses that are confirmed and relevant to future care.

96.

Significant operative and invasive procedures

any operative or invasive procedure that is significant enough to be relevant to the health of the patient going forward

97.

Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS)

a tool used by more than 90 % of America's health plans to measure performance on important dimensions of care and service. HEDIS consists of 71 measures across 8 domains of care.

98.

Diagnosis-Related Group (DRG)

a statistical system of classifying any inpatient stay into groups for the purposes of payment

99.

divides possible diagnoses into more than 20 major body systems and subdivides them into almost 500 groups for the purpose of Medicare reimbursement.

The DRG classification system

100.

limiting charge

the maximum amount that most non-participating providers are allowed to charge for services to a Medicare beneficiary on an unassigned basis

101.

Stark law

a limitation on certain physician referrals

102.

Centralized Filing

a filing system in which the records for several people or units are located in one, central location

103.

Decentralized filing system

each department has its own records close at hand

104.

executive information system (EIS) or

executive support system (ESS)

a type of management information system that facilitates and supports senior executive information and decision-making needs

105.

SQL (Structured Query Language)

a tool that may be used to retrieve collected patient satisfaction data from the database to improve clinical services

106.

HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)

a markup language for describing web documents (web pages)

107.

Extensible Markup Language (XML)

a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format which is both human-readable and machine-readable

108.

a prerequisite in the implementation of an electronic health record, and a process that would facilitate automatic indexing

Redesigning forms to include bar codes

109.

structured interview

uses a set of standard questions that are asked to all job applicants to gather comparative data.

110.

unstructured interview

uses general questions from which other questions are developed over the course of the conversation

111.

stress interview

uses specific questions to determine how the interviewee responds under pressure.

Questions in this type of interview set up specific scenarios and ask the interviewee how he or she would handle the situation.

112.

Due process

provides for fair treatment through a hearing procedure

113.

the chief criterion for determining record inactivity

The amount of space available for storage of newer records

114.

MDS data are reported directly to

Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services

115.

Reassignment

involves moving a document from one episode of care to a different episode of care within the same patient record

116.

information collected for a transplant registry

patient demographic information, diagnosis codes, functional status, and histocompatibility information

117.

clinical vocabulary

A list or collection of clinical words or phrases with their meanings

118.

medical decision making

is measured by risk of complications, number of diagnoses or management options, and the amount and complexity of data reviewed.

119.

excision

cutting out or off, without replacing a portion of a body part

120.

Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP)

consists of a set of databases that include data on inpatients whose care is paid for by third-party payers

121.

record-over-record method

The method of calculating errors in a coding audit that allows for benchmarking with other hospitals, and permits the reviewer to track errors by case type

122.

Aggregate data

statistics for your facility that include average length of stay (ALOS) and discharge data by DRG

123.

Modifier -53

the procedure was discontinued

124.

antepartum care includes

routine chemical urinalysis, initial and subsequent history, and physical examination

125.

logic-based encoder

An encoder that prompts the coder to answer a series of questions and choices based on the documentation in the medical record

126.

International Classification on Functioning, Disability, and Health (ICF) system

a classification of health and health-related domains that describe body functions and structures, domains of activities and participation, and environmental factors that interact with all of these components

127.

CPT Category III codes

includes codes to describe emerging technologies

128.

The Joint Commission requires a comprehensive H & P to be completed and available

within 24 hours, or sooner if surgery is to be performed

129.

The Joint Commission permits an interval H & P examination

when a patient is admitted within 30 days for the same condition

130.

The Joint Commission requires that a developmental age evaluation and educational needs assessment be included in the medical history and review of systems when the patient is

a child or adolescent

131.

differential diagnosis

a list of alternatives if several diagnoses potentially fit the patient’s clinical presentation

132.

Ascension number

a unique identifier that identifies specimens in the laboratory

133.

Stare Desis

“Let the decision stand.”

134.

Cancer staging

the process of determining how much cancer is in the body and where it is located

135.

Res Ipsa Loquitur

“The thing speaks for itself.”

136.

Results reporting

applications designed to retrieve diagnostic test and treatment results from feeder systems

137.

clinical data repository

collects, organizes, and analyzes all institutional business and clinical data that have been summarized and aggregated for that purpose

138.

Clinical Terms Version 3

(previously known as Read Codes Version 3)

a computer based nomenclature and classification.

139.

Nomenclature

the devising or choosing of names for things, especially in a science or other discipline

140.

Specialist Lexicon

a database of lexicographic information for use in natural language processing

141.

Alternative Billing Codes (ABC codes)

five-digit HIPAA compliant alpha codes to describe services, remedies and/or supply items provided and/or used during patient visits.

142.

HCPCS Level 1

CPT and is written by the American Medical Association (AMA).

143.

HCPCS Level 2

a standardized coding system that is used primarily to identify products, supplies, and services and is written by CMS.

144.

Clinical vocabulary

a catalog of terms approved for use in the description of clinical signs and problems, and for the definition of diagnoses and diseases.

145.

Registries

Birth Defects

Cancer

Death

Diabetes

Immunization

Implant

Organ transplant

146.

three components to CPT radiology codes

professional, technical, and global components

147.

professional component

describes the services of a physician who supervises the taking of an x-ray film and the interpretation with report of the results

148.

technical component

describes the services of the person who uses the equipment, the film, and other supplies

149.

global component

describes the combination of both professional and technical components

150.

modifier -26

radiologist only the professional component of the procedure

151.

Digoxin

used for maintenance therapy in congestive heart failure, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and paroxysmal atrial tachycardia

152.

Ibuprofen

an anti-inflammatory drug

153.

Oxytocin

used to initiate or improve uterine contractions at term

154.

haloperidol

used to manage psychotic disorders

155.

Unified Medical Language System (UMLS)

a project sponsored by the National Library of Medicine

156.

A cancer program is surveyed for approval by

the Commission on Cancer of the American College of Surgeons

157.

abstracting

review patient record and enter the required elements into a database

158.

If no bilateral code is provided and the condition is bilateral

assign separate codes for both the left and right side

159.

reference date for a cancer registry

the date when data collection began

160.

The most common type of registry in hospitals of all sizes

cancer registry

161.

the database/registry you will utilize most often

The National Practitioner Data Bank (NPDB)

162.

One of the major functions of the cancer registry

to ensure that patients receive regular and continued observation and management

163.

Patient follow-up in cancer registry should be continued

for the life of the patient

164.

the primary concern when designing systems

The needs of the end user

165.

Histocompatibility information is collected and maintained in the

organ transplant registry

166.

When a provider, knowingly or unknowingly, uses practices that are inconsistent with accepted medical practice and that directly or indirectly result in unnecessary costs to the Medicare program, this is called

abuse

167.

APR-DRGs

DRG system that classifies the non-Medicare population, such as HIV patients, neonates, and pediatric patients

168.

ANSI ASC X12N 837

electronic format for health care claims transactions

169.

hard coding

HCPCS/CPT codes that appear in the hospital's chargemaster and will be included automatically on the patient's bill

170.

CMS adjusts the Medicare Severity DRGs and the reimbursement rates every fiscal year beginning

October 1

171.

sent to patients (beneficiaries) as their EOB

Medicare Summary Notice (MSN)

172.

Medicare summary notice

a statement sent to the patient to show how much the provider billed, how much Medicare reimbursed the provider, and what the patient must pay the provider

173.

Accounts Receivable (A/R)

cases that have not yet been paid

174.

balance billing

the patient is financially liable for charges in excess of the Medicare Fee Schedule, up to a limit

175.

HCPCS code

a uniform system of identifying procedures, services, or supplies

176.

IPPS Transfer rule

hospitals are paid a graduated per diem rate for each day of the patient’s stay, not to exceed the prospective payment DRG rate

177.

Hold harmless

financial protections to ensure that certain types of facilities recoup all of their losses due to the differences in their APC payments and the pre-APC payments.

178.

item/service description

a narrative name of the services provided

179.

limiting charge

15% above Medicare's approved payment amount for doctors who do NOT accept assignment

180.

denied claim

When the third-party payer refuses to grant payment to the provider

181.

TRICARE

a health care program for active members of the military and other qualified family members

182.

UB-04

the claim form used by hospitals

183.

CMS-1500

the claim form used by physicians and other noninstitutional providers and suppliers

184.

CMS-1491

the claim form used by ambulance services

185.

Rehabilitation hospitals are reimbursed under the

Inpatient Rehabilitation Prospective Payment System (IRF PPS)

186.

Long-term care hospitals are reimbursed under the

Long-Term Care Hospital Prospective Payment System (LTCH PPS)

187.

Skilled nursing facilities are reimbursed under the

Skilled Nursing Facility Prospective Payment System (SNF PPS)

188.

Cancer hospitals can apply for and receive waivers from ______________________________ and are therefore excluded from the inpatient prospective payment system (MS-DRGs).

the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS)

189.

the 72-hour rule

This rule requires that outpatient preadmission services that are provided by a hospital up to three calendar days prior to a patient's inpatient admission be covered by the IPPS MS-DRG payment for diagnostic services and therapeutic (or nondiagnostic) services whereby the inpatient principal diagnosis code (ICD-10-CM) exactly matches the code used for preadmission services.

190.

Advance Beneficiary Notice (ABN)

a document signed by the patient indicating whether he/she wants to receive services that Medicare probably will not pay for

191.

global payment

A lump-sum payment distributed among the physicians who performed the procedure or interpreted its results and the health care facility that provided equipment, supplies, and technical support

192.

medical necessity

the service or procedure is reasonable and necessary for the diagnosis or treatment of illness or injury consistent with generally accepted standards of care

193.

Never events or Sentinel events

errors in medical care that are clearly identifiable, preventable, and serious in their consequences for patients

194.

prospective payment system

based on resource utilization groups (RUGs) is used for reimbursement to skilled nursing facilities for patients with Medicare

195.

Medicaid

a joint federal and state program that provides health care coverage to low-income populations and certain aged and disabled individuals

196.

Cost accounting

a method that attributes a dollar figure to every input required to provide a service

197.

explanation of benefits

a statement sent by a health insurance company to covered individuals explaining what medical treatments and/or services were paid for on their behalf

198.

3 main components of a healthcare organization

  1. The governance
  2. The management
  3. The employed staff
199.

Resource Utilization Groups (RUG)

MDS assessment forms are completed for all residents in certified nursing homes, regardless of source of payment for the individual resident.

200.

Communities of Practice (CoP)

groups of people who share a concern or a passion for something they do and learn how to do it better as they interact regularly

201.

Accession

an ordered test or group of tests on a particular specimen which has been formally received by a lab or other health care service and has received an accession number.

To input the demographics for a particular patient’s analysis into an information system; to log or document receiving a specimen in the lab.

202.

Coding audit methods

  1. Select charts randomly
  2. Don’t review your own charts
  3. Use the same rules as the auditors
  4. Keep coding audits results professional and educational
  5. Work at correcting errors
203.

CPT codes Category I

Procedures that are consistent with contemporary medical practice and are widely performed.

204.

CPT codes Category II

Supplementary tracking codes that can be used for performance measures

205.

CPT codes Category III

Temporary codes for emerging technology, services and procedures

206.

Accreditation

the act of granting approval to a healthcare organization

207.

Licensure

a states act of granting a healthcare organization or an individual healthcare practitioner permission to provide services of a defined scope in a limited geographical are

208.

Certification

grants approval for a healthcare organization to provide services to a specific group of beneficiaries

209.

Compliance

the process of meeting a prescribed set of standards or regulations to maintain active accreditation, licensure, or certification status

210.

Quality Improvement Organizations (QIO)

review patient records to ensure that the care provided by practitioners meets the federal standards for medical necessity, level of care, and quality of care.

211.

Measures of success data

data specifically developed for the organizations compliance with Joint Commission standards

212.

Quality Indicator Survey

a two-staged survey process designed to produce a standardized resident-centered, outcome-oriented quality review

213.

Information governance

an organization-wide framework for managing information throughout its lifecycle and supporting the organization’s strategy, operations, and regulatory, legal and environmental requirements

214.

The Triple Aim

Care, health, and cost

215.

End user

The person who actually uses a particular product

216.

Under ASC PPSs, bilateral procedures are reimbursed at

150% of the payment rate for their group

217.

LCD (Local Coverage Determinations)

is published by the Medicare Administrative Contractors (MACs) to describe when and under what circumstances Medicare will cover a service.

218.

grouper

A computer software program that assigns appropriate MS-DRGs according to the information provided for each episode of care

219.

revenue code

A three-digit code that describes a classification of a product or service provided to a patient

220.

capitation reimbursement

method that issues lump-sum payments to providers to compensate them for all the health care services delivered to a patient for a specific illness and/or over a specific period of time.

221.

Medicare Part B

offers voluntary, supplemental medical insurance to help pay for physician's services, outpatient hospital services, medical services, and medical-surgical supplies not covered by the hospitalization plan

222.

State Medicaid programs are required to offer medical assistance for individuals with

qualified financial need.

223.

electronic data interchange (EDI)

computer-to-computer transfer of data between providers and third-party payers in a data format agreed upon by both parties

224.

APCs

prospective payment system used to reimburse hospitals for Medicare hospital outpatients

225.

In calculating the fee for a physician's reimbursement, the three relative value units are each multiplied by the

geographic practice cost indices

226.

The three relative value units are

physician work, practice expense, and malpractice expense

227.

Payment Status Indicator (PSI) "T" means

if a patient has more than one CPT code with this PSI, the procedure with the highest weight will be paid at 100% and all others will be reduced or discounted and paid at 50%.

228.

Charge capturing

the gathering of charge documents from all departments within the facility that have provided services to patients.

The purpose is to make certain that all charges are coded and entered into the billing system.

229.

Alteration

Modifying the natural anatomic structure of a body part without affecting the function of the body part

230.

Bypass

Altering the route of passage of the contents of a tubular body part

231.

Change

Taking out or off a device from a body part and putting back an identical or similar device in or on the same body part without cutting or puncturing the skin or mucous membrane

232.

Control

Stopping, or attempting to stop, post-procedural bleeding

233.

Creation

Making a new genital structure that does not physically take the place of a body part

234.

Destruction

Physical eradication of all or a portion of a body part by the direct use of energy, force, or a destructive agent

235.

Detachment

Cutting off all or part of the upper or lower extremities

236.

Dilation

Expanding an orifice or the lumen of a tubular body part

237.

Division

Cutting into a body part without draining fluids and/or gases from the body part in order to separate or transect a body part

238.

Drainage

Taking out/letting out fluids and/or gases from a body part

239.

Excision

Cutting out or off, without replacement, a portion of a body part

240.

Extirpation

Taking or cutting out solid matter from a body part

241.

Extraction

Pulling or stripping out or off all or a portion of a body part by the use of force

242.

Fragmentation

Breaking solid matter in a body part into pieces

243.

Fusion

Joining together portions of an articular body part rendering the articular body part immobile

244.

Insertion

Putting in a non-biological device that monitors, assists, performs, or prevents a physiological function but does not physically take the place of a body part

245.

Inspection

Visually and/or manually exploring a body part

246.

Map

Locating the route of passage of electrical impulses and/or locating functional areas in a body part

247.

Occlusion

Completely closing an orifice or the lumen of a tubular body part

248.

Reattachment

Putting back in or on all or a portion of a separated body part to its normal location or other suitable location

249.

Release

Freeing a body part from an abnormal physical constraint by cutting or by use of force

250.

Removal

Taking out or off a device from a body part

251.

Repair

Restoring, to the extent possible, a body part to its normal anatomic structure and function

252.

Replacement

Putting in or on biological or synthetic material that physically takes the place and/or function of all or a portion of a body part

253.

Reposition

Moving all or a portion of a body part to its normal location or other suitable location

254.

Resection

Cutting out or off, without replacement, all of a body part

255.

Supplement

Putting in or on biologic or synthetic material that physically reinforces and/or augments the function of a portion of a body part

256.

Restriction

Partially closing an orifice or the lumen of a tubular body part

257.

Revision

Correcting, to the extent possible, a malfunctioning or displaced device

258.

Transfer

Moving, without taking out, all or a portion of a body part to another location to take over the function of all or a portion of a body part

259.

Transplantation

Putting in or on all or a portion of a living body part taken from another individual or animal to physically take the place and/or function of all or a portion of a similar body part

260.

open approach

Cutting through the skin or mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to expose the site of the procedure

261.

Percutaneous approach

Entry, by puncture or minor incision, of instrumentation through the skin or mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to reach the site of procedure

262.

Percutaneous endoscopic approach

Entry, by puncture or minor incision, of instrumentation through the skin or mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to reach and visualize the site of the procedure

263.

Via Natural or Artificial Opening approach

Entry of instrumentation through a natural or artificial external opening to reach the site of the procedure

264.

Via Natural or Artificial Opening Endoscopic approach

Entry of instrumentation through a natural or artificial external opening to reach and visualize the site of the procedure

265.

Via Natural or Artificial Opening with Percutaneous Endoscopic Assistance approach

Entry of instrumentation through a natural or artificial opening and entry, by puncture or minor incision, of instrumentation through the skin or mucous membrane and any other body layers necessary to aid in the performance of the procedure

266.

External approach

procedures performed directly on the skin or mucous membrane and procedures performed indirectly by the application of external force through the skin or mucous membrane

267.

PCS #1

Section

268.

PCS #2

Body system

269.

PCS #3

Root operation

270.

PCS #4

Body part

271.

PCS #5

Approach

272.

PCS #6

Device

273.

PCS #7

Qualifier

274.

PCS placeholder

"X"

275.

Root Operations That Take Out Solids, Fluids, Gases from a Body Part

Drainage

Extirpation

Fragmentation

276.

Root Operations Involving Cutting or Separation Only

Division

Release

277.

Root Operations That Put in or Put Back or Move Some or All of a Body Part

Transplantation

Reattachment

Transfer

Reposition

278.

Impetigo

can be either spread through autoinoculation or caused by Streptococcus pyogenes

279.

Trigeminal neuralgia

a condition that involves the fifth cranial nerve, also known as "tic douloureux," causes intense pain in the eye and forehead; lower lip, the section of the cheek closest to the ear and the outer segment of the tongue; or the upper lip, nose, and cheek

280.

The most common type of vaginitis

both yeast and protozoan

281.

carcinoma

Cancer derived from epithelial tissue is classified as

282.

Carpal tunnel syndrome is caused by

entrapment of the medial nerve

283.

laparoscopic gastric banding

The least invasive restrictive gastric surgery

284.

A disease of the inner ear with fluid disruption in the semicircular canal that causes vertigo

both labyrinthitis and Meniere's disease

285.

lithium carbonate

drug commonly used to treat bipolar mood swings

286.

Parkinson disease

"pill-rolling" tremor of the hand is a characteristic symptom

287.

The first stage of alcoholic liver disease is

fatty liver

288.

Increased glucose metabolism is an effect of

insulin

289.

the presence of Reed-Sternberg cells

is indicative of Hodgkin's disease

290.

Obesity, cigarette smoking, and age are all conditions which predispose risk associated with

essential hypertension

291.

Chronic bronchitis, emphysema, and smoking fall under the category of

COPD

292.

Portal hypertension can contribute to

ascites, dilation of the blood vessels lining the intestinal tract and esophageal varices

293.

Corneal "FB"

foreign body

294.

Removal FB left cornea (root operation)

extirpation

295.

Mitral valve annuloplasty using ring, open (root operation)

Supplement

296.

Amputation first left toe (root operation)

Detachment

297.

Application of skin graft to the nose status post excision malignant neoplasm

Replacement

298.

In the Medical Surgical Section, the second character position represents

Body System

299.

In the Medical Surgical Section, the third character position represents

Root Operation

300.

Uterine dilation and curettage (root operation)

Extraction

301.

In the Medical Surgical Section, the fourth character position represents?

Body Part

302.

Gastric lap band for treatment of morbid obesity (root operation)

Restriction

303.

a procedure used to help prevent miscarriage

Cervical cerclage

304.

What is the optimal level of total cholesterol in the blood for adults?

< 200 mg/dL

305.

digoxin

A common cardiac glycoside medication that increases the force of the cardiac contraction without increasing the oxygen consumption, thereby increasing the cardiac output is typically given to patients with heart failure

306.

helper cell

a T cell that influences or controls the differentiation or activity of other cells of the immune system

307.

cytotoxic T cells

A cytotoxic T cell is a T lymphocyte (a type of white blood cell) that kills cancer cells, cells that are infected (particularly with viruses), or cells that are damaged in other ways

308.

plasma cells

cells that produce antibodies

309.

A cells

Alpha cells (more commonly alpha-cells or α-cells) are endocrine cellsin the pancreatic islets of the pancreas. They make up to 20% of the human islet cells synthesizing and secreting the peptide hormone glucagon, which elevates the glucose levels in the blood.

310.

helper B cells

B cells, also known as B lymphocytes, are a type of white blood cell of the lymphocyte subtype. They function in the humoral immunity component of the adaptive immune system by secreting antibodies. Additionally, B cells present antigen (they are also classified as professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs)) and secrete cytokines.

311.

memory cells

a long-lived lymphocyte capable of responding to a particular antigen on its reintroduction, long after the exposure that prompted its production

312.

mast cell

a cell filled with basophil granules, found in numbers in connective tissue and releasing histamine and other substances during inflammatory and allergic reactions

313.

a chronic, systemic disease whose initial infection is in the lungs

tuberculosis

314.

autoimmunity

the body’s immune system reverses itself and attacks the organs and tissues

315.

5 layers of the epidermis

stratum basale

stratum spinosum

stratum granulosum

stratum lucidum

stratum corneum

316.

hemoglobin determination

A hematology laboratory test that evaluates the oxygen-carrying capacity of blood

317.

ejaculatory duct

A tube that conveys sperm from the seminal vesicle to the urethra

318.

Increasing peristalsis of the intestines, increasing salivation, and a slowing heart rate are examples of

parasympathetic nervous system

319.

Sympathetic nervous system

A part of the nervous system that serves to accelerate the heart rate, constrict blood vessels, and raise blood pressure

320.

autonomic nervous system

the part of the nervous system responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed, such as breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes

321.

prothrombin time (PT) test evaluates

coagulation of the blood

322.

Graves' disease

is an autoimmune disease

323.

SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome)

Coronavirus

324.

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

is caused by a type of staph bacteria that's become resistant to many of the antibiotics used to treat ordinary staph infections

325.

Novel H1N1 influenza

A virus responsible for a flu pandemic in 2009 that was originally referred to as "swine flu" because many of the genes in this new virus were very similar to influenza viruses that normally occur in pigs in North America

326.

MDR-TB

a severe, chronic, two-phased, bacterial respiratory infection that has become increasingly difficult to treat because many antibiotics are no longer effective against it

327.

Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG)

improves the coronary blood flow by building an alternate route for the blood to bypass the blockage by inserting a portion of another blood vessel, typically the saphenous vein

328.

Percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA)

a minimally invasive procedure to open up blocked coronary arteries, allowing blood to circulate unobstructed to the heart muscle

329.

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA)

a surgical procedure used to reduce the risk of stroke, by correcting stenosis (narrowing) in the common carotid artery or internal carotid artery

330.

Endarterectomy

the removal of material on the inside (end(o)-) of an artery

331.

protozoa

The organism transmitted by a mosquito bite that causes malaria

332.

rickets

Softening of the bone in children

333.

carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) test

measures the amount of this protein that may appear in the blood of some people who have certain kinds of cancers

334.

Acute myocardial infarction (AMI)

heart attack

335.

Rocky Mountain spotted fever

The most common rickettsial disease in the United States

336.

synergistic effect

The interaction of two drugs working together to where each simultaneously helps the other achieve an effect that neither could produce alone

337.

the usual treatment for Helicobacter pylori

antibiotics

338.

Gardasil is a quadrivalent vaccine. What is the definition of quadrivalent?

It prevents infection from the four most prevalent types of HPV that cause cervical cancer.

339.

A treatment for sensorineural hearing loss is

cochlear implants

340.

A distinguishing characteristic of a toxic goiter is

thyroid hyperfunction

341.

AST (SGOT)

liver function test

342.

Rheumatoid arthritis typically affects

the knees and small joints of the hands and feet

343.

The etiology of aplastic anemia is

bone marrow failure

344.

the organ that has endocrine and exocrine functions

pancreas

345.

the QRS wave

the electronic stimulation of the ventricles

346.

P wave

atrial depolarization, which results in atrial contraction

347.

PR interval

the period that extends from the beginning of the P wave (the onset of atrial depolarization) until the beginning of the QRS complex (the onset of ventriculardepolarization)

348.

QT interval

a measure of the time between the start of the Q wave and the end of the T wave in the heart's electrical cycle

349.

ST segment

connects the QRS complex and the T wave

350.

T wave

represents the repolarization (or recovery) of the ventricles

351.

A common vitamin taken by pregnant women to substantially reduce the occurrence of neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, in a developing fetus

folic acid

352.

A sweat test was done on a patient with the following symptoms: frequent respiratory infections, chronic cough, and foul-smelling bloody stools. What diseases is probably suspected?

cystic fibrosis

353.

Huntington's disease

a hereditary disease of the cerebral cortex that includes progressive muscle spasticity and mental impairment leading to dementia

354.

Bell's palsy

aralysis of the facial nerve, causing muscular weakness in one side of the face

355.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

sometimes called Lou Gehrig's disease, is a rapidly progressive, invariably fatal neurological disease that attacks the nerve cells (neurons) responsible for controlling voluntary muscles

356.

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS)

a rapid-onset muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system

357.

pernicious anemia

a deficiency in the production of red blood cells through a lack of vitamin B12

358.

Autoimmune hemolytic anemia

occurs when antibodies directed against the person's own red blood cells (RBCs) cause them to burst (lyse), leading to insufficient plasma concentration.

359.

aplastic anemia

deficiency of all types of blood cells caused by failure of bone marrow development

360.

homeostasis

The state of balance or normality that the human body continuously tries to attain

361.

Diastole occurs when

the ventricles fill

362.

systole occurs when

the heart contracts and pumps out blood to the rest of the body

363.

hemophilia

the ability of the blood to clot is severely reduced

364.

thalassemia

any of a group of hereditary hemolytic diseases caused by faulty hemoglobin synthesis

365.

iron-deficiency anemia

Too few healthy red blood cells due to too little iron in the body.

366.

superior and inferior rectus

the set of muscles that controls the movement of the eye up and down

367.

ventricular fibrillation

a lethal arrhythmia

368.

What term would be applied to a comparison of the number of female patients to the number of male
patients who were discharged from MS-DRG YYY?

Ratio

369.

Suppose that there are six males in a class of twenty students. What term could be used to
describe the comparison?

Proportion

370.

What descriptive statistics is calculated by applying this equation: (x/y) x 10n?

Ratio
Proportion
Rate

371.

In May, 270 women were admitted to the Obstetrics service. Of these, 263 women delivered; 33
deliveries were by C-section. What is the denominator for calculating the C-section rate?

263

372.

Suppose that you want to display the number of deaths due to breast cancer for the years 1990
through 1999. What graphic technique would you choose?

Line graph

373.

Suppose that you want to display the average length of stay by gender and service for the month of
August. What graphic technique would you choose?

Line graph

374.

If you are interested in displaying the parts of a whole in graphic form, what graphic technique
would you use?

Pie chart

375.

In a frequency distribution, the lowest value is 5 and the highest value is 20. What is the range?

15

376.

I just realized that we may be misleading administration with the data we provided them.
Which of the following might we have done?

Failed to adjust the baseline

377.

I work for AHRQ. I have to choose the next project for AHRQ. Which of the
following would I choose?

A study to determine how the EHR improves patient safety and quality of care

378.

Which rate describes the number of new cases of an illness for a specific time period?

Incidence rate

379.

Which term is used to describe the number of inpatients present at the census- taking time each
day plus the number of inpatients who were both admitted and discharged after the census-taking time
the previous day?

Daily inpatient census

380.

Which unit of measure is used to indicate the services received by one inpatient in a 24-hour
period?

Inpatient service day

381.

Which rate is used to compare the number of inpatient deaths to the total number of inpatient
deaths and discharges?

Gross hospital death rate

382.

Suppose a patient who underwent orthopedic surgery acquired Klebsiella pneumonia while
hospitalized. How could this illness be described?

As a postoperative infection
As a hospital-acquired infection
As a community acquired infection

383.

Which term is used to describe the number of calendar days that a patient is hospitalized?

Length of stay

384.

What rate is used to indicate the percentage of the hospital’s beds occupied by inpatients for a
given time period?

Percentage of occupancy

Inpatient bed occupancy rate

385.

Which rate compares the number of autopsies performed on hospital inpatients to the total
number of inpatient deaths for the same period of time?

Gross autopsy rate

386.

Suppose that five patients stayed in the hospital for a total of 27 days. Which term would be used
to describe the result of the calculation 27 ÷ 5?

Average length of stay

387.

The probability of death among diagnosed cases of a specific disease

case fatality rate

388.

Data elements that are considered protected under the HIPAA Privacy Rule

Patient telephone number
Patient name
Medical record number
Zip code

389.

AHRQ

Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality

390.

IDDM

insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (AKA: diabetes 1 and juvenile diabetes)

391.

CXR

Chest X-Ray

392.

DEXA scan

bone density scan

393.

APR DRG

All Patients Refined Diagnosis Related Groups

394.

All Patients Refined Diagnosis Related Groups (APR DRG)

A classification system that classifies patients according to their reason of admission, severity of illness and risk of modality - The patient characteristics used in the definition of the DRGs are limited to.

395.

POA indicator is assigned to

principal and secondary diagnoses

396.

PPS

Prospective Payment System

397.

IRF PPS

Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility Prospective Payment System

398.

IRF-PAI

Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility Patient Assessment Instrument

399.

EFT

Electronic Funds Transfer

400.

NCD

National Coverage Determinations

401.

HAVEN software

Home Assessment Validation Entry was designed for the stand-alone home health agency as a data entry tool to encode and edit the OASIS data.

402.

RBRVS

Resource-based relative value scale

403.

Resource-based relative value scale (RBRVS)

a schema used to determine how much money medical providers should be paid. It is partially used by Medicare in the United States and by nearly all health maintenance organizations (HMOs).

404.

Hashimoto's disease

an autoimmune disease, a disorder in which the immune system turns against the body's own tissues, the immune system attacks the thyroid

405.

Goodpasture's syndrome

antiglomerular basement antibody disease, or anti-GBM disease) is a rare autoimmune disease in which antibodies attack the basement membrane in lungs and kidneys, leading to bleeding from the lungs and kidney failure

406.

myasthenia gravis

autoimmune diseases affects tissues of the nervous system. A weakness and rapid fatigue of muscles under voluntary control

407.

Most carbon dioxide is carried in the

red blood cells

408.

the average timeframe in which all patients with new, previously untreated TB must have daily antibiotic therapy

6-9 months

409.

The process of cancer development, from exposure through the cellular changes of hyperplasia to neoplasia

carcinogenesis

410.

a lethal arrhythmia

ventricular fibrillation

411.

Treponema pallidum

syphilis

412.

guaiac smear test

Fecal occult blood test

413.

prostatic-specific antigen test

is a protein produced by cells of the prostate gland, measures the level of PSA in a man's blood.

414.

The hypothalamus, thalamus, and pituitary gland are all parts of the

limbic system

415.

A serum potassium level of 2.8 would indicate

diabetic ketoacidosis

416.

Addison's disease

A disorder in which the adrenal glands don't produce enough hormones. Specifically, the adrenal glands produce insufficient amounts of the hormone cortisol and sometimes aldosterone, too.

417.

hypokalemia

deficiency of potassium in the bloodstream

418.

endocrine gland secretes melatonin, which controls the circadian rhythm of an individual

pineal

419.

Islets ofLangerhans

beta cells of the pancreas, they make insulin and amylin

420.

adrenal medulla secretes

Cortisol, Aldosterone, and Androgenic steroids (androgen hormones)

421.

alpha cells of the pancreas

secrete glucagon

422.

delta cells

secrete somatostatin

423.

gamma cells

secrete pancreatic polypeptide

424.

pathogenesis

The progress of a disease

425.

etiology

the cause a disease or condition

426.

Most of the digestion of food and absorption of nutrients occur in the

small intestine

427.

Sex-linked genetic diseases

involve a defect on a chromosome

428.

hereditary hemochromatosis (HH)

is a genetic disease that alters the body's ability to regulate iron absorption

429.

cystic fibrosis

An inherited life-threatening disorder that damages the lungs and digestive system.

430.

Tay-Sachs disease

A rare, inherited disorder that destroys nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord. A fatty substance in the brain destroys nerve cells.

431.

phenylketonuria

A birth defect that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body.

Newborns are screened for PKU.

Untreated PKU can lead to brain damage, mental retardation, behavioral symptoms, or seizures.

Treatment includes a strict diet with limited protein.

432.

Decubitus ulcer stage 1

sores are not open wounds. The skin may be painful, but it has no breaks or tears.

433.

Decubitus ulcer stage 2

the skin breaks open, wears away, or forms an ulcer, which is usually tender and painful. The sore expands into deeper layers of the skin. It can look like a scrape (abrasion), blister, or a shallow crater in the skin.

434.

Decubitus ulcer stage 3

the sore gets worse and extends into the tissue beneath the skin, forming a small crater. Fat may show in the sore, but not muscle, tendon, or bone.

435.

Decubitus ulcer stage 4

the pressure sore is very deep, reaching into muscle and bone and causing extensive damage. Damage to deeper tissues, tendons, and joints may occur.

436.

the upper respiratory tract

The nose, mouth, sinuses, pharynx, and larynx

437.

the lower respiratory tract

the windpipe (trachea) and within the lungs, the bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli.

438.

upper gastrointestinal tract

the esophagus, stomach and duodenum

439.

lower gastrointestinal tract

the anus, rectum, colon, and cecum

440.

von willebrand disease

A bleeding disorder caused by low levels of clotting protein in the blood

441.

osteomyelitis

Inflammation of bone caused by infection, generally in the legs, arm, or spine

442.

Adenoma

a benign tumor formed from glandular structures in epithelial tissue

443.

Fibroma

a benign, tumor-like growth made up mostly of fibrous or connective tissue

444.

Nevi

A common pigmented skin lesion, usually developing during adulthood (mole)

445.

Lipoma

A fatty lump most often situated between the skin and underlying muscle layer

446.

Adenocarcinoma

a malignant tumor formed from glandular structures in epithelial tissue

447.

Liposarcoma

a malignancy of fat cells

448.

Osteosarcoma

A type of bone cancer that begins in the cells that form bones

449.

Primary site

Original site or point of origin

450.

Secondary site

Site or sites where malignancy has spread (metastases)

451.

Benign

noncancerous

452.

Malignant

cancerous

453.

In situ

in original place

454.

CANCER DEVELOPMENT STAGES

NORMAL CELLS -- HYPERPLASIA -- DYSPLASIA CANCER IN SITU -- INVASIVE CANCER

455.

Uncertain behavior

when the neoplasm behavior cannot be determined pathologically

456.

Unspecified behavior

when the behavior is not stated

457.

When coding surgical removal of a neoplasm followed by adjunct chemotherapy or radiation treatment during the same episode of care, the code for the neoplasm should be assigned as

principal or first-listed diagnosis

458.

leukoplakia

Thickened, white patches inside the mouth

459.

Leukocytosis

an increase in the total number of WBCs due to any cause

460.

lymphocytosis

an increase in the number of lymphocytes in the blood

461.

lymphocyte

a form of small leukocyte (white blood cell) with a single round nucleus, occurring especially in the lymphatic system that are of fundamental importance in the immune system

462.

Neutrophils

help fight infection by ingesting microorganisms and releasing enzymes that kill the microorganisms

463.

Neutropenia

is an abnormally low level of neutrophils

464.

monocytes

a large phagocytic white blood cell that fights off bacteria, viruses and fungi

465.

eosinophils

a type of white blood cell that play an important role in the body's response to allergic reactions, asthma, and infection with parasites

466.

multiple myeloma

A cancer of plasma cells. The disease can damage the bones, immune system, kidneys, and red blood cell count.

467.

Plasma cell neoplasms

diseases in which there are too many plasma cells, or myeloma cells, that are unable to do their usual work in the bone marrow

468.

According to CPT guidelines, when a patient is admitted to the hospital on the same day as an office visit, the office visit is

not billable

469.

chemical pleurodesis

performed to prevent recurrence of pneumothorax or recurrent pleural effusion

470.

decortication

the removal of the outer layer or cortex from a structure, especially the lung, brain, or other organ

471.

trichiasis

ingrowth or introversion of the eyelashes

472.

double-J stent

a soft tube that is placed during surgery. This tube has a curl at both ends designed to prevent the stent from moving down into the bladder or up into the kidney

473.

Cardioversion

medical procedure by which an abnormally fast heart rate (tachycardia) or cardiac arrhythmia is converted to a normal rhythm using electricity or drugs

474.

Huhner test

determination of the number and condition of spermatozoa in mucus aspirated from the canal of the cervix uteri within 2 hours after coitus

475.

meningocele

a protrusion of the meninges through a gap in the spine due to a congenital defect

476.

adrenalectomy

the surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands

477.

TIPS procedure

interventional radiologists use image guidance to make a tunnel through the liver to connect the portal vein (the vein that carries blood from the digestive organs to the liver) to one of the hepatic veins (three veins that carry blood away from the liver back to the heart).

478.

Informed consent

A legally-effective, voluntary agreement that is given by a prospective research participant following comprehension and consideration of all relevant information pertinent to the decision to participate in a study.

479.

Belmont principle of justice

  1. Respect for persons
  2. Beneficence
  3. Justice
480.

The principle of respect

1. Individuals should be treated as autonomous agents

2. Persons with diminished autonomy are entitled to additional protections

481.

Autonomous person

An individual capable of deliberation about personal goals and of acting under the direction of such deliberation

482.

Coercion

influencing an individual's decision about whether or not to do something by using explicit or implied threats (loss of good standing in a job, poor grades, etc.).

483.

Undue influence

An offer of an excessive, unwarranted, inappropriate, or improper reward or other overture in order to obtain compliance

484.

Beneficence

  1. Do no harm
  2. Maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms

a concept in research ethics which states that researchers should have the welfare of the research participant as a goal of any clinical trial or other research study. The antonym of this term, maleficence, describes a practice which opposes the welfare of any research participant.

485.

Diminished autonomy

An individual with restricted capability of deliberation about personal goals and of limited ability to act under the direction of their deliberations.

486.

IRB

Institutional Review Board

487.

IRB committees

consist of 5 or more members with varying expertise and diversity that are responsible for reviewing and approving human subjects research activities on behalf of institutions.

488.

data model

often the first step in database design and object-oriented programming as the designers first create a conceptual modelof how data items relate to each other.

489.

data dictionary

a set of information describing the contents, format, and structure of a database and the relationship between its elements, used to control access to and manipulation of the database

490.

DBMS

database management system

491.

database management system (DBMS)

a computer software application that interacts with the user, other applications, and the database itself to capture and analyze data (it is the interface engine that will be needed to manage communication between systems)

492.

data standard

documented agreements on representation, format, and definition for common data

493.

ISDM

industry standard data model

494.

industry standard data model (ISDM)

A data model that is widely applied in some industry, and shared amongst competitors to some degree. They are often defined by standards bodies, database vendors or operating system vendors

495.

decision support system (DSS)

a computer program application that analyzes business data and presents it so that users can make business decisions more easily

496.

clinical decision support system (CDSS)

a health information technology system that is designed to provide physicians and other health professionals with clinical decision support (CDS), that is, assistance with clinical decision-making tasks

497.

knowledge-based system (KBS)

a computer program that reasons and uses a knowledge base to solve complex problems

498.

financial information system

Atype of business software used to input, accumulate, and analyze financial and accounting data. It produces reports such as accounting reports, cash flow statements, and financial statements

499.

One of the ways that an EHR is distinguished from a clinical data repository is that the EHR

has clinical decision support capabilities

500.

foreign key

a field (or collection of fields) in one table that uniquely identifies a row of another table

501.

The foreign key is defined in a second table, but it refers to the _____________________ in the first table.

primary key

502.

request for information (RFI)

a standard business process whose purpose is to collect written information about the capabilities of various suppliers. Normally it follows a format that can be used for comparative purposes

503.

RFI

request for information

504.

risk assessment

a systematic process of evaluating the potential risks that may be involved in a projected activity or undertaking

505.

request for proposal

a solicitation, often made through a bidding process, by an agency or company interested in procurement of a commodity, service or valuable asset, to potential suppliers to submit business proposals

506.

RFP

request for proposal

507.

feasibility study

an assessment of the practicality of a proposed plan or method

508.

project plan

a formal document designed to guide the control and execution of a project

509.

strategic plan

an organization's process of defining its strategy, or direction, and making decisions on allocating its resources to pursue this strategy

510.

vision statement

a declaration of an organization's objectives, ideally based on economic foresight, intended to guide its internal decision-making

511.

front-end speech recognition

that the original dictator's speech is turned into text

512.

back-end speech recognition

a speech recognition system where the staff dictates and then the editing of the dictation is done by editors

513.

keyword spotting

a subfield of speech recognition that deals with the identification of keywords in utterances

514.

SQL

A common language used in data definition and data manipulation

515.

UML

Unified Modeling language

516.

Unified Modeling language (UML)

A standardized modeling language enabling developers to specify, visualize, construct and document artifacts of a software system.

517.

metadata

a set of data that describes and gives information about other data

518.

A function is found in an ambulatory EHR but not in an acute care EHR

registration

519.

eMAR

electronic medication administration record

520.

electronic medication administration record (eMAR)

Automatically track medications from order to administration using assistive technologies

521.

meaningful use

using certified electronic health record (EHR) technology to: Improve quality, safety, efficiency, and reduce health disparities. Engage patients and family. Improve care coordination, and population and public health. Maintain privacy and security of patient health information

522.

This Medicare program requires the use of a certified electronic health record

meaningful use

523.

hybrid network

a type of network topology that uses two or more other network topologies, including bus topology, mesh topology, ring topology, star topology, and tree topology

524.

network protocol

formal standards and policies comprised of rules, procedures and formats that define communication between two or more devices over a network

525.

physical topology

the placement of the various components of a network, including device location and cable installation, while logical topology illustrates how data flows within a network, regardless of its physical design

526.

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol

527.

TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol)

the basic communication language or protocol of the Internet. It can also be used as a communications protocol in a private network (either an intranet or an extranet)

528.

The decision on which system to purchase should be:

quantifiable

529.

agenda

a list of items to be discussed at a formal meeting

530.

data mining

the practice of examining large databases in order to generate new information

531.

interface engine

a term used to refer to a kind of middleware application which is used to transform, route, clone and translate messages

532.

prototyping

Creating a demo of a new system

533.

Legally authorized representative

An individual or judicial or other body authorized under applicable law to consent on behalf of a prospective subject to the subject's participation in the procedure(s) involved in the research

534.

The principle of respect for persons can be broken down into two basic ideas:

  1. Individuals should be treated as autonomous agents
  2. Persons with diminished autonomy are entitled to additional protections
535.

The three fundamental aspects of informed consent are:

Voluntariness

Comprehension

Disclosure

536.

Voluntariness

Individuals’ decisions about participation in research should not be influenced by anyone involved in conducting the research: “...consent must be freely given or truly voluntary."

537.

Comprehension

Individuals must have the mental or decisional capacity to understand the information presented to them in order to make an informed decision about participation in research.

538.

Minimal risk

The probability and magnitude of harm or discomfort anticipated in the research are not greater in and of themselves than those ordinarily encountered in daily life or during the performance of routine physical or psychological examinations or tests.

539.

Assent

“...affirmative agreement to participate in research. Mere failure to object should not, absent affirmative agreement, be construed as assent.”

540.

OHRP

Office for Human Research Protections (part of HHS)

541.

Two general rules have been articulated as complementary expressions of beneficent actions:

  1. Do no harm
  2. Maximize possible benefits and minimize possible harms
542.

Risk (in research)

the probability that a certain harm will occur

543.

Types of Risk (in research)

A. Physical

B. Psychological

C. Social

D. Legal

E. Economic

544.

risk-benefit analysis

The proposed research has a favorable ratio of potential benefit to risk.

545.

Therapeutic misconception

The tendency for research participants to: “downplay or ignore the risks posed to their own well-being by participation ... [due to] the participants deeply held and nearly unshakeable conviction that every aspect of their participation in research has been designed for their own individual benefit.”

546.

Equipoise

Substantial scientific uncertainty about which treatments will benefit subjects most, or a lack of consensus in the field that one intervention is superior to another.

547.

Clinical trial

“...a prospective biomedical or behavioral research study of human subjects that is designed to answer specific questions about biomedical or behavioral interventions (drugs, treatments, devices, or new ways of using known drugs, treatments, or devices).”

548.

Privacy

being “free from unsanctioned intrusion.”

549.

Confidentiality

holding secret all information relating to an individual, unless the individual gives consent permitting disclosure.

550.

Anonymized data

Lacking “identifiers or codes that can link a particular sample to an identified specimen or a particular human being.”

551.

Coded data (research)

Identifiers are removed from the data in exchange for codes that correspond to the identifiers, and the identifiers are maintained separately from the rest of the dataset.

552.

Data and Safety Monitoring Plan

Describes protections for research participants and data integrity, and oversight for clinical trials at a level that is commensurate with the risks of participating in the clinical trial and is required by NIH.

553.

client server

a software architecture model consisting of two parts, client systems and server systems, both communicating over a computer network or on the same computer.

554.

operating system

the software that supports a computer's basic functions, such as scheduling tasks, executing applications, and controlling peripherals.

555.

portal

an Internet site providing access or links to other sites

556.

A survey of your patients has found that they want access to test results and the ability to schedule appointments online. What technology should be used to provide these services?

portal

557.

You use an information system to create a letter notifying a requester that your facility does not have any records on file for the individual's records requested. What system are you using?

release of information

558.

Your release of information system has part of the computing on the workstation and part on the file server. What type of technology is being used?

client server

559.

chart locator

keeps track of the location of all records in the health care facility.

560.

chart deficiency

incomplete charts

561.

Your role is to help patients determine where to store their personal health record. What area do you specialize in?

privacy

562.

When calling the HIM Department, you say the word "two" to reach the release of information system. What technology is this?

interactive voice recognition

563.

interactive voice recognition (IVR)

a technology that allows a computer to interact with humans through the use of voice and DTMF tones input via keypad.

564.

voice over Internet protocol

an IP telephony term for a set of facilities used to manage the delivery of voice information over the Internet

565.

migration path

A series of conversion steps that allow an organization to evolve smoothly to newer hardware and software in order to keep pace with changing technology.

566.

integration testing

a software testing methodology used to test individual software components or units of code to verify interaction between various software components and detect interface defects

567.

application testing

a process by which application software developed for hand held mobile devices is tested for its functionality, usability and consistency

568.

acceptance testing

a test conducted to determine if the requirements of a specification or contract are met

569.

volume testing

testing a software application or the product with a certain amount of data

570.

indemnification

secure (someone) against legal responsibility for their actions

571.

force majeure

A common clause in contracts that essentially frees both parties from liability or obligation when an extraordinary event or circumstance beyond the control of the parties, such as a war, strike, riot, crime, or an event described by the legal term act of God (hurricane, flood, earthquake, volcanic eruption, etc.), prevents one or both parties from fulfilling their obligations under the contract.

572.

interface

a shared boundary across which two separate components of a computer system exchange information

573.

network

a telecommunications network which allows computers to exchange data

574.

source code

a text listing of commands to be compiled or assembled into an executable computer program

575.

Clinical Data Repository (CDR) or Clinical Data Warehouse (CDW)

a real time database that consolidates data from a variety of clinicalsources to present a unified view of a single patient.

576.

project scope

the part of project planning that involves determining and documenting a list of specific project goals, deliverables, tasks, costs and deadlines

577.

critical success factors

a management term for an element that is necessary for an organization or project to achieve its mission

578.

scope creep

in project management refers to uncontrolled changes or continuous growth in a project's scope

579.

structured data entry

a data entry method by interacting with pre-defined forms

580.

unstructured data entry

information that either does not have a pre-defined data model or is not organized in a pre-defined manner

581.

What element is most critical in the contract negotiation to ensure use of the software in multiple environments?

license grant

582.

A milestone is

a step in the path to the implementation of a system such as the EHR.

583.

continuity of care record

a standard for the creation of electronic summaries of patient health

584.

SMART card

a plastic card with a built-in microprocessor, used typically for electronic processes such as financial transactions and personal identification

585.

shows what the system should do

logical data model

586.

shows how the logical data model will be created

physical data model

587.

What data field type is best used for the health record number?

auto-numbering

588.

When negotiating an information system contract, what would be an example of a performance warranty specified in the contract?

insurances

589.

RFID

radio frequency identification device

590.

radio frequency identification device (RFID)

uses electromagnetic fields to automatically identify and track tags attached to objects

591.

encryption

The most effective way to achieve data security. To read this type of file, you must have access to a secret key or password that enables you to decrypt it.

592.

pyogenic arthritis

Septic arthritis

593.

pedicled tram flap reconstruction

the surgeon cuts a section of skin, muscle, fat and blood vessels from your abdomen, tunnels the tissue underneath your skin to its new location, and uses it to form a new breast mound

594.

lacrimal puncta

There are two of these in the medial (inside) portion of each eye. Together, they function to collect tears produced by the lacrimal glands.

595.

marsupialization

the surgical technique of cutting a slit into an abscess or cyst and suturing the edges of the slit to form a continuous surface from the exterior surface to the interior surface of the cyst or abscess

596.

condyloma

a raised growth on the skin resembling a wart, typically in the genital region, caused by viral infection or syphilis and transmissible by contact

597.

Carotid endarterectomy (CEA)

a surgical procedure used to reduce the risk of stroke, by correcting stenosis (narrowing) in the common carotid artery or internal carotid artery.

598.

leiomyomata

a benign smooth muscle neoplasm that very rarely becomes cancer. They can occur in any organ, but the most common forms occur in the uterus, small bowel, and the esophagus.

599.

myringoplasty

the closure of the perforation of pars tensa of the tympanic membrane

600.

pheresis

Procedure in which the blood is filtered, separated, and a portion retained, with the remainder being returned to the individual.

601.

apheresis

the removal of blood plasma from the body by the withdrawal of blood, its separation into plasma and cells, and the reintroduction of the cells, used especially to remove antibodies in treating autoimmune diseases.

602.

Individual justice (in research)

investigators “should not offer potentially beneficial research only to some patients who are in their favor or select only ‘undesirable’ persons for risky research.”

603.

Social justice

“The choice of participants in research needs to be considered carefully to ensure that groups (e.g., welfare patients, particular racial and ethnic minorities, or persons confined to institutions) are not selected for inclusion mainly because of easy availability, compromised position, or manipulability.”

604.

equitably

to treat fairly

605.

equally

to treat in exactly the same way

606.

Incomplete disclosure

Withholding some information in order to conduct an unbiased study, with the understanding that the information could be material to a decision by prospective participants about whether or not to participate in the study.

607.

What type of test would determine how well new systems being implemented work with existing systems?

integration test

608.

What system would provide a snapshot of information about the patient's condition?

continuity of care record

609.

When negotiating an information system contract, what would be an example of a performance warranty specified in the contract?

insurances

610.

clinical data repository

Data from the laboratory information system, radiology information system, and many other systems are all stored real-time in a single database

611.

centralized health information exchange

all data is stored in a single warehouse or data repository and participants regularly submit patient data while being able to view the data through external delivery methods

612.

federated health information exchange

all data stays at the point of service (POS) and the participant is a member of an organization and agrees to share their information with the other members of the organization (also known as decentralized)

613.

hybrid health information exchange

When there is a mixture of centralized and decentralized models and none are the prominent architecture, it is considered Hybrid

614.

digital signature

The most secure model of signatures used in information systems

615.

radio frequency identification

A technology that can be used to check on a patient who is homebound

616.

integrated health network

A network of organizations that provides or arranges to provide a coordinated continuum of services to a defined population and is willing to be held clinically and fiscally accountable for the outcomes and health status of the population served

617.

health information exchange

the mobilization of health careinformation electronically across organizations within a region, community or hospital system

618.

environmental scanning

a process that systematically surveys and interprets relevant data to identify external opportunities and threats. An organization gathers information about the external world, its competitors and itself

619.

critical path analysis

the mathematical network analysis technique of planning complex working procedures with reference to the critical path of each alternative system

620.

Cautious affiliation stage

the forming stage

621.

Competitiveness stage

the storming stage

622.

harmonious cohesiveness stage

the norming stage

623.

collaborative teamwork

the performing stage

624.

Gantt chart

an effective tool for planning and tracking a project

625.

PERT chart

Provides a structure that requires the project team to identify the order and projected duration of activities needed to complete a project.

626.

critical path

the longest amount of time requied to complete the total project

627.

The 3 phases of change

ending, transitioning, beginnning

(freezing, changing, refreezing)