Biology Chapters 10 & 11
The first detailed and quantitative studies on inheritance were carried out by an Austrian monk named______
Mendel
In modern terminology, Mendel's heredity "factors" are called...
Genes
Which of the following genotypes show dominant phenotypes?
Aa, aa, AA, Aa and AA, AA and aa
Aa and AA
If R is dominant to r, the offspring of the cross of RR with rr will be__________
Heterozygous
The observable expression of the genes present in an organism is called its:
Phenotype
Alternate forms of the same gene are called_____
Alleles
A diploid organism that has two identical alleles for a given trait is called ___________for that trait.
Homozygous
If fertilization involves two gametes that contain different alleles of a given gene, the result offspring is _______
Heterozygous
In a heterozygous individual, the allele being expressed is...
Dominant
An allele that is present but unexpressed is ________
Recessive
ABO blood group determination is an example of _____
Multiple alleles
The _______ of an organism refers to the alleles that are present.
Genotype
A locus is:
The location of an allele on a chromosome
If tall (D) is dominant to dwarf (d), and two homozygous varieties DD and dd are crossed, then what kind of offspring will be produced?
All Dd, All DD, All dd, 1/2 DD & 1/2 Dd
All Dd
In the F2 generation of a cross of DD RR with dd rr, the most common genotype would be...
DD RR, Dd RR, Dd Rr, dd RR
Dd Rr
If a daughter expresses an X-linked recessive gene, she inherited the trait from_____
Her mother
Red-green color blindness is an X-linked recessive trait in humans. What is the probability that a colorblind woman and a man with normal vision will have a colorblind daughter?
0 percent
What occurs when individuals identically heterozygous for alleles of two genes are crossed?
Dihybrid Cross
A condition is which two alleles are both fully expressed in heterozygous individuals:
Codominance
When one gene is not fully dominant over another one, it is said to demonstrate what?
Incomplete dominance
Organisms with 10 pairs of homologous chromosomes are said to be_____
Diploid
Mendel's Law of Segregation states that:
Each allele separates into separate gametes
Heterozygous offspring that are a cross between individuals that breed true for one trait are called______
Hybrids
Crossing an organism of unknown genotype with a recessive organism is called a________
Test Cross
The particular set of alleles that an individual carries is their:
Genotype
A breeding experiment in which individuals identically heterozygous for one gene are crossed is a_____________
Monohybrid Cross
According to Mendel's Law of Independent Assortment:
Gene pairs on one chromosome get sorted into gametes independently of gene pairs on other chromosomes.