A commensal bacterium

may also be an opportunistic pathogen

A nosocomial infection is

acquired during the course of hospitalization

The major significance of Robert Koch's work is that

microorganisms cause disease

Which of the following diseases is not spread by droplet infection

botulism

Which of following diseases are spread by droplet infection

a) tuberculosis

b) measles

c) the common cold

d) diptheria

Biological transmission differs from mechanical transmission in that biological transmission

involves specific diseases

Focal infection initially start out as

local infection

The rise in herd immunity amongst a population can directly attributed to

vaccinations

The science that deals with when diseases occur and how they are transmitted is

epidemiology

Which of the following is a reservoir of infection

a) a sick person

b) a healthy person

c) a sick animal

d) a hospital

Which of the following are a communicable diseases

a) malaria

b) AIDS

c) tuberculosis

d) typhoid fever

Which of the following is NOT a communicable diseases

Tetanus

Which is a fomite

a hypodermic needle

Which statements about biological transmission are True

a) The pathogen reproduces in the vector

b) The pathogen may enter the host in the vector's feces

c) The pathogen may be injected by the bite of the vector

d) the pathogen may require the vector as a host

A cold transmitted by a facial tissue is an example of

vehicle transmission

The CDC is located in

Atlanta, GA

A disease in which is causative agent remains inactive for a time before producing symptoms is referred to as

latent

A needlestick is an example of

fomite

Emergence of infectious diseases can be attribute to all of the following

a) antibiotic resistance

b) climatic changes

c) new strains of previously know agents

d) ease of travel

Which of the following can contribute to postoperative infections

a) using syringes more than once

b) normal microbiota on the operating room staff

c) errors in aseptic technique

d) antibiotic resistance

Transient microbiota differ from normal microbiota in that transient microbiota

are present for a relatively short time

Which statements about nosocomial infections are True

a) they occur in compromised patients

b) they may be caused by opportunists

c) they may be caused by normal microbiota

d) they may be caused by drug-resistance bacteria

The effect of washing regularly with antibacterial agents is the removal of normal microbiota can cause

increased susceptibility to disease

Which of the following is a predisposition factor of disease

a) lifestyle

b) genetic background

c) climate

d) occupation

In which of the following diseases can gender be considered a viable predisposing factor?

urinary tract infection

Which patterns of disease does the patient experience no signs or symptoms?

incubation and convalescence

Which of the following are example of microbial antagonism?

a) acid production by bacteria

b) bacteriocin production

c) bacteria occupying host receptors

d) bacteria producing vitamin K

If a prodromal period exists for a certain disease, it should occur prior to

illness

Which are zoonosis?

a) cat-scratch disease

b) hantavirus pulmonary syndrome

c) rabies

d) tapeworm

Pseudomonas bacteria colonized the bile duct of a patient following his liver transplant surgery. This is an example of a

nosocomial infection

For a particular disease at a specific time period, morbidity rates should always be equal or greater than mortality rates

TRUE

Compromised hosts are always suffering from suppressed immune system

FALSE

Urinary tract infection are the most common forms of nosocomial infections.

TRUE