Pleomorphic bacteria

vary in size and shape

Which of the following bacterial arrangements is the result of snapping division?

palisades

The arrangement represented in the figure is typical of which of the following genera of bacteria?

Corynebacterium

What bacterial structure is responsible for separating the daughter DNA molecules after replication?

cytoplasmic membrane

Endospores

may be produced when nutrients are scarce.

Bergey's Manual of Systematic Bacteriology contains

classification schemes for prokaryotes

Which of the following characteristics distinguish the archaea from the bacteria?

cell wall composition, cytoplasmic membrane lipids, and 16S rRNA sequences

The archaea known as halophiles

are members of the Euryarchaeota and require salt concentrations above 9%

Low G + C content Gram-positive bacteria are

in the phylum Firmicutes and include Clostridia and Mycoplasma

Which of the following diseases is NOT associated with bacteria that form endospores?

toxic shock syndrome

Mycoplasmas are pleomorphic because they

have no cell walls

Which of the following bacterial genera produce endospores?

both Bacillus and Clostridium

Which of the following bacterial genera includes species that protect areas of the body such as the intestinal tract and the vagina from invasion by pathogens?

Lactobacillus

Which of the following groups of bacteria is named for its resemblance to fungi?

actinomyces

Which of the following bacterial genera is used for the degradation of environmental pollutants?

Nocardia

Which of the following is NOT associated with bacteria in the genus Streptomyces?

protection of plants against caterpillars

What feature of mycobacteria is responsible for the unusually slow growth of these bacteria?

The mycolic acid in their cell walls requires signification metabolic investment.

A large number of Gram-negative human pathogens are members of the

gammaproteobacteria

Members of which of the following genera are the most common sexually transmitted bacteria in the United States?

Chlamydia

A microbiologist observes what appears to be a pink-staining long rod within the periplasmic space of a Gram-negative bacillus. What is the structure likely to be?

Bdellovibrio

Which of the following statements regarding pseudomonads is FALSE?

They are symbiotic with plants for nitrogen fixation.

A flexible, spiral shaped bacterium is called a

spirochete

Which of the following statements regarding mycoplasmas is FALSE?

They stain Gram-positive

The anaerobic Clostridium species are troublesome pathogens largely because of their capacity for

endospore production

Gram negative facultative anaerobes that metabolize carbohydrates via glycolysis are members of the

gammaproteobacteria

A Gram-positive psychorotrophic rod _____ is a frequent contaminant of milk and meat and an opportunistic pathogen of the immunocompromised.

Listeria monocytogenes

A species of the genus Streptococcus is the leading cause of

"flesh-eating" bacterial infections.

The genus Mycobacterium includes species responsible for

tuberculosis

Members of the genus Chlamydia are

intracellular parasites

Pseudomona species are occasional causes of

urinary tract infections

The process by which a bacterial cell produces an endospore is called (endosporing/ sporulation/ vegetation).

sporulation

The most common form of reproduction among prokaryotes is (snapping/ budding/ binary)

binary

The rod-shaped (rickettsias/ chlamydias/ brucella) are intracellular parasitic members of the alphaproteobacteria.

rickettsias

Some members of the alphaproteobacteria produce a structure called a (prosthecae/ pilus/ filament) to produce extra surface area for nutrient absorption.

prosthecae

This bacterial shape is called (bacillus/ vibrio/ rod).

vibrio

The G + C content is an (RNA/ structural/ genetic) determination used in classifying the different taxa of Gram positive bacteria.

genetic

The (streptobacilli/ actinomycetes/ mycoplasmas) are a group of Gram-positive bacteria that form branching filaments resembling those of fungi.

actinomycetes

The Genus of pathogenic cocci responsible for a wide range of human disease and whose members grow in chains is (Staphylococcus/ Streptococcus/ Enterococcus).

Streptococcus

The members of the (alphaproteobacteria/ gammaproteobacteria/ actinomycetes) may alternate between a flagellated motile stage and a nonmotile stage attached by means of a prosthecae.

alphaproteobacteria

The reduction of nitrogen gas to ammonia is called nitrogen (fixation/ cycling).

fixation

Slow growing bacteria in the genus (Mycoplasma/ Mycobacterium) are able to withstand long exposure to air because of the presence of mycelic acid in their cell wall structure.

Mycobacterium

Plant tumors caused by Agrobacterium infections are called (galls/ heterocyst).

galls

The (bacilli/ Lactobacilli/ bacteroids) are a group of Gram-negative bacteria that include obligate anaerobes normally found in the intestinal tract of animals and humans.

bacteroids

The infective stage of chlamydia is called the (elementary/ initial) body.

elementary

Burkholderia is a common (true/ opportunistic) pathogen of patients with cystic fibrosis.

opportunistic